Contacts of the helix formed by residues 946 - 972 (chain B) in PDB entry 1K05


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with PRO 946 (chain B).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    944B  PRO      4.7     0.4    -      -       -      +
    945B  ALA*     1.3    87.7    -      -       -      +
    947B  PRO*     1.3    62.0    -      -       +      +
    948B  GLU*     3.2    29.6    -      -       -      +
    949B  GLU*     2.7    52.4    +      -       +      +
    950B  TYR*     3.3     6.2    +      -       -      -
   1013B  GLN*     4.9     1.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO 947 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    946B  PRO*     1.3    86.1    -      -       +      -
    948B  GLU*     1.3    63.3    +      -       +      +
    950B  TYR*     3.4    36.5    -      -       +      +
    951B  VAL*     2.8    37.4    +      -       +      +
   1005B  GLN*     4.2    19.5    -      -       +      +
   1008B  VAL*     4.2    36.3    -      -       +      -
   1013B  GLN*     4.4     2.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 948 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    946B  PRO*     2.8    34.7    +      -       -      +
    947B  PRO*     1.3    82.7    -      -       +      +
    949B  GLU*     1.3    60.2    +      -       +      +
    951B  VAL*     5.5     0.2    -      -       -      -
    952B  PRO*     3.0    19.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 949 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    944B  PRO      4.2     3.1    -      -       -      +
    945B  ALA*     3.2    18.7    -      -       +      +
    946B  PRO*     2.7    43.4    +      -       +      +
    948B  GLU*     1.3    77.0    -      -       +      +
    950B  TYR*     1.3    59.4    +      -       -      +
    952B  PRO*     2.8    23.1    -      -       -      +
    953B  MET*     3.1    27.7    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 950 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    942B  ILE*     3.8    27.1    -      -       +      -
    945B  ALA*     3.3    30.7    -      -       +      -
    946B  PRO      3.3     8.6    +      -       -      -
    947B  PRO*     3.4    29.3    -      -       +      +
    949B  GLU*     1.3    78.5    -      -       -      +
    951B  VAL*     1.3    74.9    +      -       +      +
    953B  MET*     3.0    13.4    +      -       +      +
    954B  VAL*     3.0    25.8    +      -       -      +
   1001B  MET*     4.4    10.8    -      -       +      -
   1004B  ALA*     2.9    49.1    +      -       +      -
   1005B  GLN*     3.4     2.3    +      -       +      -
   1013B  GLN*     3.1    17.1    +      -       -      -
   1017B  LYS*     3.7    11.0    -      -       -      -
   1020B  MET*     4.0    16.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 951 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    947B  PRO*     2.8    26.6    +      -       +      +
    948B  GLU*     5.5     0.4    -      -       -      -
    950B  TYR*     1.3    76.7    -      -       +      +
    952B  PRO*     1.3    67.5    -      -       +      +
    954B  VAL*     3.3     4.0    +      -       -      +
    955B  LYS*     3.0    40.8    +      -       -      +
   1001B  MET*     3.8    39.1    -      -       +      +
   1005B  GLN*     3.8    29.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO 952 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    948B  GLU*     3.0    26.2    -      -       -      +
    949B  GLU*     2.8    22.7    -      -       -      +
    951B  VAL*     1.3    97.4    -      -       +      +
    953B  MET*     1.3    60.1    +      -       -      +
    955B  LYS*     3.1    17.9    +      -       +      +
    956B  GLU*     2.9    27.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 953 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    934B  ALA      5.3     0.5    -      -       -      +
    937B  GLU*     4.9     7.0    -      -       +      +
    938B  MET*     3.6    35.5    -      -       +      +
    941B  LYS*     3.1    51.4    -      -       +      +
    942B  ILE*     4.5     3.8    -      -       -      -
    945B  ALA*     5.3     2.2    -      -       +      -
    949B  GLU*     3.1    33.6    +      -       +      +
    950B  TYR*     3.0    22.2    +      -       -      +
    952B  PRO*     1.3    78.3    -      -       -      +
    954B  VAL*     1.3    62.1    +      -       -      +
    956B  GLU*     3.4     8.8    +      -       -      +
    957B  VAL*     3.4    21.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 954 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    938B  MET*     3.3    27.8    -      -       +      -
    950B  TYR      3.0    12.9    +      -       -      +
    951B  VAL      3.7     6.1    -      -       -      +
    953B  MET*     1.3    73.0    -      -       -      +
    955B  LYS*     1.3    67.1    +      -       -      +
    957B  VAL*     3.0    13.6    +      -       -      +
    958B  GLY*     3.0    10.9    +      -       -      -
    994B  LEU*     4.8     2.9    -      -       +      -
    997B  LEU*     3.7    26.2    -      -       +      -
    998B  ILE*     4.7    14.1    -      -       +      -
   1001B  MET*     3.8    21.8    -      -       +      -
   1020B  MET*     3.5    24.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 955 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    951B  VAL*     3.0    33.4    +      -       -      +
    952B  PRO*     3.2    18.7    -      -       +      +
    954B  VAL*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
    956B  GLU*     1.3    65.4    +      -       +      +
    958B  GLY*     2.9     4.7    +      -       -      -
    959B  LEU*     2.8    25.3    +      -       +      +
    962B  ARG*     4.6     8.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 956 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    934B  ALA*     4.5    10.0    -      -       +      +
    952B  PRO      2.9    15.8    +      -       -      +
    953B  MET*     3.6    11.9    -      -       -      +
    955B  LYS*     1.3    74.7    -      -       -      +
    957B  VAL*     1.3    57.5    +      -       -      +
    959B  LEU*     3.3    30.4    +      -       -      +
    960B  ALA*     2.8    30.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 957 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    931B  LEU*     3.8     9.5    -      -       +      +
    934B  ALA*     3.9    34.1    -      -       +      +
    935B  VAL*     4.1    11.4    -      -       +      +
    938B  MET*     4.2    17.9    -      -       +      -
    953B  MET      3.4    15.0    -      -       -      +
    954B  VAL*     3.0     9.9    +      -       -      +
    956B  GLU*     1.3    75.8    -      -       -      +
    958B  GLY*     1.3    52.9    +      -       -      +
    960B  ALA*     3.0     5.5    +      -       -      +
    961B  LEU*     2.7    32.7    +      -       -      +
    997B  LEU*     4.0    11.9    -      -       +      -
   1027B  LEU*     3.7    29.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 958 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    954B  VAL      3.0     8.2    +      -       -      -
    955B  LYS*     2.9     8.0    +      -       -      -
    957B  VAL*     1.3    73.1    -      -       -      +
    959B  LEU*     1.3    66.5    +      -       -      +
    961B  LEU*     3.0     3.3    +      -       -      +
    962B  ARG*     3.0    38.9    +      -       -      +
    994B  LEU*     3.8    29.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 959 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    955B  LYS*     2.8    17.2    +      -       +      +
    956B  GLU*     3.5    36.3    -      -       -      +
    958B  GLY*     1.3    72.4    -      -       -      +
    960B  ALA*     1.3    65.1    +      -       -      +
    962B  ARG*     3.3    19.8    +      -       +      +
    963B  THR*     3.2    32.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 960 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    927B  ASN*     5.3     2.1    -      -       -      +
    930B  GLY      4.7     1.8    -      -       -      -
    931B  LEU*     3.8    31.3    -      -       +      +
    934B  ALA*     4.4     6.1    -      -       +      -
    956B  GLU      2.8    14.2    +      -       -      +
    957B  VAL*     3.1    12.1    -      -       -      +
    959B  LEU*     1.3    80.6    -      -       +      +
    961B  LEU*     1.3    63.6    +      -       -      +
    962B  ARG      3.3     0.2    +      -       -      -
    963B  THR*     3.3     8.6    +      -       -      -
    964B  LEU*     3.1    21.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 961 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    931B  LEU*     3.8    19.7    -      -       +      +
    957B  VAL      2.7    15.8    +      -       -      +
    958B  GLY*     3.0    11.0    +      -       -      +
    960B  ALA*     1.3    71.1    -      -       -      +
    962B  ARG*     1.3    58.9    +      -       +      +
    964B  LEU*     3.1     8.3    +      -       +      +
    965B  LEU*     2.8    51.1    +      -       +      +
    990B  LEU*     4.0    27.8    -      -       +      +
    991B  ASN*     4.0     8.7    -      -       -      +
    994B  LEU*     3.8    34.3    -      -       +      -
   1027B  LEU*     3.8    23.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 962 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    955B  LYS*     4.6    10.1    +      -       -      +
    958B  GLY*     3.0    36.0    +      -       -      +
    959B  LEU*     3.6    19.2    -      -       +      +
    961B  LEU*     1.3    74.3    -      -       +      +
    963B  THR*     1.3    69.2    +      -       -      +
    965B  LEU*     2.8    11.9    +      -       +      -
    966B  ALA*     2.6    27.0    +      -       -      +
    994B  LEU*     4.1    13.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 963 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    923B  LYS*     6.1     0.7    -      -       +      -
    927B  ASN*     2.9    33.8    +      -       -      +
    959B  LEU*     3.2    20.8    +      -       -      +
    960B  ALA*     3.5    10.6    -      -       -      -
    962B  ARG*     1.3    75.8    -      -       -      +
    964B  LEU*     1.3    64.3    +      -       -      +
    966B  ALA*     3.3     7.1    +      -       -      +
    967B  THR*     2.9    22.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 964 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    924B  VAL*     3.8     8.1    -      -       +      +
    927B  ASN*     3.1    36.7    -      -       +      +
    928B  VAL*     3.5    29.2    -      -       +      +
    931B  LEU*     3.8    28.0    -      -       +      -
    960B  ALA      3.1     9.5    +      -       -      +
    961B  LEU*     3.3    10.8    -      -       +      +
    962B  ARG      3.1     0.8    -      -       -      -
    963B  THR*     1.3    77.9    -      -       -      +
    965B  LEU*     1.3    58.7    +      -       -      +
    967B  THR*     3.0     6.6    +      -       -      -
    968B  VAL*     2.8    42.2    +      -       +      +
    990B  LEU*     4.2    20.6    -      -       +      -
   1031B  ALA*     4.4     7.0    -      -       +      -
   1034B  LEU*     4.7     5.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 965 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    961B  LEU*     2.8    51.4    +      -       +      +
    962B  ARG*     2.8    12.4    +      -       +      +
    964B  LEU*     1.3    68.6    -      -       +      +
    966B  ALA*     1.3    66.8    +      -       -      +
    968B  VAL*     2.9     9.0    +      -       +      +
    969B  ASP*     2.9    31.0    +      -       -      +
    987B  GLN*     3.7    39.2    +      -       +      +
    990B  LEU*     4.0    18.6    -      -       +      -
    991B  ASN*     4.0    20.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 966 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    962B  ARG      2.6    18.8    +      -       -      +
    963B  THR*     3.5     9.2    -      -       +      +
    965B  LEU*     1.3    71.8    -      -       -      +
    967B  THR*     1.3    63.8    +      -       -      +
    969B  ASP*     3.0    29.5    +      -       -      +
    970B  GLU*     3.2    15.3    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 967 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    923B  LYS*     3.8    32.2    -      -       +      +
    924B  VAL*     3.8    23.8    -      -       +      +
    927B  ASN*     2.9    23.7    +      -       -      +
    963B  THR*     2.9     9.1    +      -       -      +
    964B  LEU      3.2     9.0    -      -       -      +
    966B  ALA*     1.3    76.8    -      -       -      +
    968B  VAL*     1.3    63.5    +      -       -      +
    970B  GLU*     3.0    28.3    +      -       -      +
    971B  THR*     3.1    17.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 968 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    924B  VAL*     4.8     5.4    -      -       +      -
    964B  LEU*     2.8    35.8    +      -       +      +
    965B  LEU*     2.9     8.5    +      -       +      +
    967B  THR*     1.3    73.8    -      -       -      +
    969B  ASP*     1.3    61.4    +      -       -      +
    971B  THR*     3.1     7.5    +      -       -      -
    972B  ILE*     3.0    24.4    +      -       +      +
    983B  ILE*     3.7    20.0    -      -       +      -
    987B  GLN*     3.5    20.6    -      -       +      +
   1034B  LEU*     3.7    22.4    -      -       +      -
   1038B  ILE*     3.6    26.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 969 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    965B  LEU*     2.9    25.9    +      -       -      +
    966B  ALA*     3.1    14.3    -      -       -      +
    968B  VAL*     1.3    77.8    -      -       -      +
    970B  GLU*     1.3    56.7    +      -       +      +
    972B  ILE*     3.5    11.3    +      -       -      +
    973B  PRO*     3.0    26.0    -      -       -      +
    987B  GLN*     3.1    19.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 970 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    973A  PRO      4.6     9.8    -      -       -      +
    974A  LEU*     3.7    38.5    -      -       +      +
    966B  ALA*     3.4    14.8    -      -       -      +
    967B  THR*     3.0    20.6    +      -       -      +
    969B  ASP*     1.3    76.6    -      -       +      +
    971B  THR*     1.3    60.5    +      -       -      +
    973B  PRO*     3.7     7.6    -      -       -      +
    974B  LEU*     4.7     3.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 971 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1045A  MET*     6.2     0.7    -      -       -      -
   1046A  LEU*     6.0     1.3    -      -       +      -
    924B  VAL*     3.8    15.9    -      -       +      +
    967B  THR*     3.1    13.5    +      -       -      +
    968B  VAL*     3.1    12.5    +      -       +      -
    969B  ASP      3.1     0.6    -      -       -      -
    970B  GLU*     1.3    77.8    -      -       -      +
    972B  ILE*     1.3    68.4    +      -       -      +
    973B  PRO*     3.2     3.1    -      -       -      -
    974B  LEU*     2.8    22.7    +      -       +      +
    975B  LEU*     3.5    30.4    -      -       +      +
   1038B  ILE*     4.2    15.7    -      -       +      -
   1042B  ARG*     4.8    10.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 972 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    968B  VAL*     3.0    20.9    +      -       +      +
    969B  ASP*     3.8    15.3    -      -       -      +
    971B  THR*     1.3    73.8    -      -       -      +
    973B  PRO*     1.3    64.1    -      -       +      +
    975B  LEU*     2.8    29.7    +      -       +      +
    980B  HIS*     3.2    52.3    +      -       +      +
    983B  ILE*     4.1    23.3    -      -       +      -
    984B  GLU*     4.4    16.2    -      -       +      +
    987B  GLN*     3.8    24.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il