Contacts of the helix formed by residues 134 - 156 (chain F) in PDB entry 1KN0


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with SER 134 (chain F).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    103F  PHE*     3.6     1.6    -      -       -      -
    132F  LEU*     3.3     3.3    -      -       -      +
    133F  LYS*     1.3    79.8    -      -       -      +
    135F  LYS*     1.3    61.9    +      -       -      +
    136F  ALA      3.5     0.9    +      -       -      -
    137F  LEU*     3.2    37.4    +      -       -      +
    138F  SER*     2.8    28.4    +      -       -      -
    130G  GLU*     3.1    30.8    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 135 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     96F  VAL*     4.2    19.1    -      -       +      -
    103F  PHE*     3.4    45.1    -      -       +      -
    134F  SER*     1.3    68.9    +      -       -      +
    136F  ALA*     1.3    68.7    +      -       -      +
    138F  SER*     2.9    13.2    +      -       -      -
    139F  LEU*     3.0    20.4    +      -       +      +
     95G  PHE*     3.3    39.6    -      -       +      +
     97G  ASP*     2.7    36.9    +      -       -      +
    130G  GLU*     5.1     1.0    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 136 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    134F  SER*     3.5     6.7    +      -       -      +
    135F  LYS*     1.3    81.1    -      -       -      +
    137F  LEU*     1.3    65.6    +      -       +      +
    139F  LEU*     3.1     0.9    +      -       -      +
    140F  GLU*     2.9    24.5    +      -       -      +
     95G  PHE*     3.2    25.0    -      -       +      -
    105G  VAL      4.4     4.0    -      -       -      +
    106G  GLY*     4.5     1.8    -      -       -      -
    126G  TYR*     3.7     7.7    -      -       -      -
    128G  VAL*     3.5    37.0    -      -       +      -
    130G  GLU*     4.1     5.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 137 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    132F  LEU*     3.8    23.9    -      -       +      +
    134F  SER*     3.2    20.4    +      -       -      +
    136F  ALA*     1.3    85.4    -      -       +      +
    138F  SER*     1.3    61.5    +      -       -      +
    140F  GLU*     3.9    18.4    -      -       -      +
    141F  LYS*     3.1    24.6    +      -       -      +
     58G  GLY*     5.9     6.5    -      -       -      +
    128G  VAL*     4.5     9.6    -      -       +      -
    130G  GLU*     3.6    23.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 138 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    103F  PHE*     3.5    24.3    +      -       -      +
    105F  VAL*     4.1    14.0    -      -       -      +
    129F  SER*     3.3    30.0    +      -       -      -
    132F  LEU*     3.2    19.6    +      -       -      +
    134F  SER      2.8    21.0    +      -       -      -
    135F  LYS*     2.9     6.5    +      -       -      -
    137F  LEU*     1.3    77.6    -      -       -      +
    139F  LEU*     1.3    60.6    +      -       -      +
    142F  ALA*     3.2    19.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 139 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     93F  VAL*     4.4    15.5    -      -       +      -
     96F  VAL*     3.7    20.2    -      -       +      -
    105F  VAL*     3.7    26.9    -      -       +      -
    107F  VAL*     5.1     1.3    -      -       +      -
    135F  LYS*     3.0    16.6    +      -       +      +
    136F  ALA      3.7     2.5    -      -       -      +
    138F  SER*     1.3    73.3    -      -       -      +
    140F  GLU*     1.3    67.5    +      -       -      +
    142F  ALA*     3.0     3.8    +      -       -      +
    143F  ARG*     2.7    31.0    +      -       +      +
     94G  ASP*     3.3    26.7    -      -       +      +
     95G  PHE*     3.6    20.6    -      -       +      -
    126G  TYR*     3.2    26.0    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 140 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    136F  ALA      2.9    13.8    +      -       -      +
    137F  LEU*     3.9    20.9    -      -       -      +
    139F  LEU*     1.3    75.6    -      -       -      +
    141F  LYS*     1.3    63.4    +      -       -      +
    143F  ARG*     4.8     0.2    -      -       -      -
    144F  LYS*     3.0    67.3    +      -       +      +
    126G  TYR*     3.6    41.8    -      -       +      +
    128G  VAL*     4.8     6.5    -      -       +      +
    149G  ASP*     5.2     0.5    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 141 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    128F  VAL*     2.8    31.2    +      -       -      +
    129F  SER*     4.0    12.7    -      -       -      +
    132F  LEU*     5.0     6.3    -      -       +      -
    137F  LEU      3.1    15.9    +      -       -      +
    138F  SER      3.7     4.3    -      -       -      +
    139F  LEU      3.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
    140F  GLU*     1.3    82.7    -      -       -      +
    142F  ALA*     1.3    56.9    +      -       -      +
    144F  LYS*     4.2     2.3    -      -       -      +
    145F  GLU*     2.8    66.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 142 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    105F  VAL*     3.8    13.9    -      -       +      +
    107F  VAL*     3.6    23.4    -      -       +      +
    127F  GLY*     3.2    28.9    -      -       -      +
    128F  VAL*     3.9     8.1    -      -       -      +
    138F  SER      3.2    13.9    +      -       -      +
    139F  LEU      3.0     3.2    +      -       -      +
    141F  LYS*     1.3    78.4    -      -       -      +
    143F  ARG*     1.3    60.2    +      -       -      +
    146F  ALA*     3.0    27.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 143 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     91F  GLN*     2.8    62.4    +      -       -      +
     93F  VAL*     3.6    30.1    -      -       +      +
    107F  VAL*     4.1    12.3    -      -       +      -
    139F  LEU*     2.7    27.0    +      -       +      +
    140F  GLU*     4.2     3.4    -      -       -      +
    142F  ALA*     1.3    70.3    -      -       -      +
    144F  LYS*     1.3    68.0    +      -       +      +
    146F  ALA      3.6     0.2    +      -       -      -
    147F  VAL*     3.4    13.5    +      -       -      +
     92G  ASN*     4.3     6.3    -      -       -      +
     94G  ASP*     2.5    37.8    +      -       -      -
    108G  CYS*     3.3    24.1    -      -       -      -
    110G  PHE*     4.4     4.6    -      -       -      -
    124G  VAL*     4.4     8.3    -      -       +      -
    126G  TYR*     3.6    23.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 144 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    140F  GLU*     3.0    47.9    +      -       +      +
    141F  LYS*     4.2     2.7    -      -       -      +
    143F  ARG*     1.3    78.4    -      -       +      +
    145F  GLU*     1.3    62.4    +      -       +      +
    147F  VAL*     3.2     2.9    +      -       -      +
    148F  THR*     3.1    20.0    +      -       -      -
    124G  VAL*     4.3    10.1    -      -       +      +
    125G  GLY      4.6     0.2    -      -       -      -
    126G  TYR*     3.9    11.0    -      -       +      +
    149G  ASP*     2.4    39.8    +      -       -      -
    153G  ARG*     3.4    50.5    +      -       -      +
    156G  ARG*     5.9     1.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 145 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    126F  TYR      4.2     2.8    -      -       -      +
    127F  GLY*     3.9    10.7    -      -       -      -
    128F  VAL*     3.7    11.6    +      -       -      +
    141F  LYS*     2.8    64.0    +      -       -      +
    144F  LYS*     1.3    74.7    -      -       +      +
    146F  ALA*     1.3    57.0    +      -       -      +
    148F  THR*     3.3     5.2    +      -       -      +
    149F  ASP*     2.7    37.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 146 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    107F  VAL*     3.7    24.0    -      -       +      +
    109F  ALA*     3.8    16.1    -      -       +      +
    125F  GLY*     3.2    11.1    -      -       -      -
    126F  TYR*     3.4     7.4    -      -       -      -
    127F  GLY*     3.2    25.5    -      -       -      +
    142F  ALA      3.0    16.2    +      -       -      +
    143F  ARG      3.9     2.9    -      -       -      +
    145F  GLU*     1.3    75.2    -      -       -      +
    147F  VAL*     1.3    57.3    +      -       -      +
    150F  GLY*     2.9    22.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 147 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     86F  HIS*     5.2     7.2    -      -       +      -
     88F  ILE*     3.5    28.5    -      -       +      -
     91F  GLN*     3.7    12.3    -      -       -      +
    109F  ALA*     4.1    12.6    -      -       +      -
    111F  VAL*     3.7     7.0    -      -       +      +
    143F  ARG      3.4     1.0    +      -       -      -
    144F  LYS      3.2     8.0    +      -       -      +
    145F  GLU      3.2     0.8    -      -       -      -
    146F  ALA*     1.3    73.1    -      -       -      +
    148F  THR*     1.3    64.1    +      -       -      +
    150F  GLY*     2.7    19.1    +      -       -      -
    151F  LEU*     2.8    13.9    +      -       +      +
    122G  GLU      5.0     2.5    -      -       -      +
    123G  ASP*     3.6    24.7    -      -       -      +
    124G  VAL*     3.0    32.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 148 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     68F  GLY*     4.1    26.7    -      -       -      +
     72F  ILE*     6.6     0.4    -      -       +      -
    144F  LYS      3.1    13.7    +      -       -      -
    145F  GLU*     3.9     5.6    -      -       -      -
    147F  VAL*     1.3    81.7    -      -       -      +
    149F  ASP*     1.3    62.2    +      -       -      +
    151F  LEU*     3.8     9.6    -      -       +      +
    152F  LYS*     3.0    34.0    +      -       +      +
    123G  ASP*     5.4     1.4    +      -       -      -
    153G  ARG*     3.8    13.5    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 149 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    140E  GLU*     5.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
    144E  LYS*     2.5    35.7    +      -       -      -
    125F  GLY*     3.4     2.3    -      -       -      -
    126F  TYR      2.9    26.8    +      -       -      +
    145F  GLU*     2.7    21.7    +      -       +      +
    146F  ALA      3.6     4.0    -      -       -      +
    148F  THR*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
    150F  GLY*     1.3    62.5    +      -       -      +
    152F  LYS*     3.6    18.3    +      -       -      +
    153F  ARG*     3.2    29.0    +      -       -      +
    156F  ARG*     5.0     4.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 150 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    111F  VAL*     3.8    16.3    -      -       -      +
    123F  ASP*     4.4     3.8    -      -       -      +
    124F  VAL      4.0     4.0    -      -       -      -
    125F  GLY*     3.3    22.8    -      -       -      -
    146F  ALA      2.9     7.5    +      -       -      -
    147F  VAL      2.7     8.9    +      -       -      -
    149F  ASP*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
    151F  LEU*     1.3    62.5    +      -       -      -
    153F  ARG*     3.2     3.8    +      -       -      +
    154F  ALA*     3.0    23.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 151 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     71F  VAL*     5.6     0.9    -      -       +      -
     72F  ILE*     4.7    19.5    -      -       +      -
     84F  TRP*     3.8    21.8    -      -       +      -
     86F  HIS*     3.5    34.5    -      -       +      +
    111F  VAL*     3.7    16.5    -      -       +      +
    113F  VAL*     3.6    19.5    -      -       +      -
    147F  VAL*     2.8    15.6    +      -       +      +
    148F  THR*     3.8    12.8    -      -       +      +
    150F  GLY*     1.3    70.5    -      -       -      +
    152F  LYS*     1.3    64.9    +      -       +      +
    154F  ALA*     3.3     1.8    +      -       -      +
    155F  LEU*     3.1    39.2    +      -       +      +
    157G  SER*     5.0     0.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 152 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     55F  ARG*     6.1     0.6    -      -       -      +
     65F  TYR*     4.3    15.8    -      -       -      +
     66F  ILE*     3.0    31.8    +      -       +      +
     67F  GLU*     4.9     0.2    -      -       -      +
     68F  GLY*     4.2    12.2    -      -       -      +
     71F  VAL*     3.8    33.7    -      -       +      -
    148F  THR*     3.0    32.1    +      -       +      +
    149F  ASP*     3.9    19.1    +      -       -      +
    151F  LEU*     1.3    78.3    -      -       +      +
    153F  ARG*     1.3    64.9    +      -       +      +
    154F  ALA      3.0     1.0    +      -       -      -
    155F  LEU*     3.2     3.6    +      -       -      +
    156F  ARG*     3.0    37.0    +      -       +      +
    162F  LEU      4.8     1.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 153 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    144E  LYS*     3.3    67.3    +      -       -      +
    147E  VAL*     4.8     0.2    -      -       -      +
    148E  THR*     3.7    12.9    +      -       -      -
    123F  ASP*     3.1    39.4    +      -       +      +
    124F  VAL      2.8    26.9    +      -       -      +
    149F  ASP*     3.2    19.5    +      -       -      +
    150F  GLY      3.8     4.0    -      -       -      +
    152F  LYS*     1.3    79.0    -      -       -      +
    154F  ALA*     1.3    60.6    +      -       -      +
    156F  ARG*     3.6    52.2    -      -       -      +
    157F  SER*     3.8     5.2    +      -       -      -
    167F  LEU*     6.0     0.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 154 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    111F  VAL      4.1    16.4    -      -       -      +
    113F  VAL*     3.2    28.9    -      -       +      -
    121F  HIS*     3.7    15.8    -      -       -      +
    122F  GLU      5.0     0.9    -      -       -      -
    123F  ASP*     3.9    10.5    -      -       -      +
    150F  GLY      3.0    16.1    +      -       -      +
    151F  LEU*     3.5     3.1    -      -       -      +
    152F  LYS      3.0     0.2    -      -       -      -
    153F  ARG*     1.3    75.6    -      -       -      +
    155F  LEU*     1.3    65.3    +      -       -      +
    156F  ARG      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    157F  SER*     3.2    23.2    +      -       -      -
    158F  PHE*     4.4     1.9    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 155 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     71F  VAL*     3.3    35.7    -      -       +      +
     72F  ILE*     5.4     0.7    -      -       -      +
     75F  ALA*     4.4    12.1    -      -       +      -
     79F  PHE*     4.6     3.8    -      -       +      -
     84F  TRP*     4.0    18.2    -      -       +      -
    113F  VAL*     3.6    25.4    -      -       +      -
    151F  LEU*     3.1    35.4    +      -       +      +
    152F  LYS      3.2     3.1    +      -       -      +
    154F  ALA*     1.3    74.5    -      -       -      +
    156F  ARG*     1.3    65.0    +      -       -      +
    157F  SER      3.0     2.5    -      -       -      -
    158F  PHE*     2.9    35.0    +      -       +      +
    162F  LEU*     3.5    24.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 156 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     72E  ILE*     4.8     5.4    -      -       +      -
    144E  LYS*     6.0     0.6    -      -       -      +
     65F  TYR*     6.4     0.6    -      -       -      +
    149F  ASP*     5.0     6.1    +      -       -      -
    152F  LYS*     3.0    26.3    +      -       -      +
    153F  ARG*     3.6    51.5    -      -       -      +
    154F  ALA      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
    155F  LEU*     1.3    76.4    -      -       -      +
    157F  SER*     1.3    62.1    +      -       -      +
    158F  PHE      3.1     1.2    +      -       -      -
    159F  GLY      3.1    17.1    +      -       -      +
    162F  LEU      4.0    11.2    +      -       -      +
    163F  GLY*     3.6    24.4    -      -       -      +
    164F  ASN*     3.3    23.0    -      -       +      +
    166F  ILE*     4.0    16.4    -      -       -      +
    167F  LEU*     3.2    37.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il