Contacts of the helix formed by residues 325 - 346 (chain B) in PDB entry 1PTH


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ASP 325 (chain B).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    245B  ARG*     3.1    14.2    +      -       -      +
    247B  PHE*     3.1    46.9    +      -       +      +
    248B  LYS*     2.9    16.0    +      -       -      -
    249B  ASP      5.0     2.7    -      -       -      +
    250B  GLY*     2.8    36.5    +      -       -      +
    324B  GLY*     1.3    67.5    -      -       -      +
    326B  GLU*     1.3    56.5    +      -       +      +
    328B  LEU*     2.6    28.6    +      -       -      +
    329B  PHE*     2.8    11.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 326 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    134A  HIS*     2.8    29.9    +      -       +      +
    136A  TYR*     3.3    10.3    -      -       -      +
    140A  GLU*     5.9     0.7    -      -       -      +
    238B  LEU*     6.0     0.2    -      -       -      +
    241B  GLN*     4.7     0.7    +      -       -      -
    242B  TYR*     4.2    17.8    +      -       -      -
    245B  ARG*     3.2    31.9    +      -       -      +
    247B  PHE*     5.6     0.9    -      -       +      -
    324B  GLY      3.6     0.4    -      -       -      -
    325B  ASP*     1.3    77.4    -      -       +      +
    327B  GLN*     1.3    66.0    +      -       -      +
    329B  PHE*     2.9     2.4    +      -       -      -
    330B  GLN*     2.7    52.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 327 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    135A  ASP      5.3     1.2    +      -       -      -
    136A  TYR*     2.9    65.5    +      -       +      +
    323B  TRP*     3.0    57.9    -      -       +      +
    324B  GLY*     3.4    17.4    +      -       -      +
    325B  ASP      3.3     0.6    -      -       -      -
    326B  GLU*     1.3    72.7    -      -       -      +
    328B  LEU*     1.3    63.1    +      -       -      +
    330B  GLN*     4.1     0.3    -      -       -      +
    331B  THR*     3.0    32.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 328 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    249B  ASP*     3.8    29.8    -      -       -      +
    250B  GLY*     3.9     1.3    -      -       -      -
    313B  CYS*     3.9     8.5    -      -       -      +
    316B  LEU*     3.4    33.5    -      -       +      +
    317B  LYS*     3.5    39.5    -      -       +      +
    323B  TRP*     3.5    27.1    -      -       +      +
    324B  GLY      2.9    24.0    +      -       -      +
    325B  ASP      2.6    11.8    +      -       -      +
    327B  GLN*     1.3    70.8    -      -       -      +
    329B  PHE*     1.3    63.7    +      -       -      +
    331B  THR*     3.1     4.2    +      -       -      +
    332B  ALA*     2.8    24.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 329 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    234B  TYR*     3.8    34.1    -      +       -      -
    241B  GLN*     3.3    34.8    -      -       +      -
    245B  ARG*     2.9    56.5    -      -       +      +
    250B  GLY*     3.7    22.0    -      -       -      +
    251B  LYS      5.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    252B  LEU*     4.2     3.1    -      -       +      -
    309B  HIS*     3.8    14.9    -      +       -      -
    325B  ASP      2.8    13.4    +      -       -      +
    326B  GLU      2.9     4.9    +      -       -      +
    328B  LEU*     1.3    71.5    -      -       -      +
    330B  GLN*     1.3    94.7    +      -       +      +
    332B  ALA*     2.9    14.6    +      -       -      +
    333B  ARG*     3.0    22.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 330 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    134A  HIS*     4.1     1.3    -      -       -      +
    136A  TYR*     3.6    21.1    -      -       +      -
    137A  ILE      5.5     0.4    -      -       -      -
    138A  SER*     3.2    31.6    +      -       -      -
    139A  TRP*     3.7    11.3    +      -       -      +
    140A  GLU*     3.8    19.9    +      -       -      +
    241B  GLN*     4.6     3.6    +      -       -      +
    245B  ARG*     4.1     1.0    -      -       -      +
    326B  GLU*     2.7    50.3    +      -       -      +
    329B  PHE*     1.3    99.2    -      -       -      +
    331B  THR*     1.3    62.0    +      -       -      +
    333B  ARG*     3.4     7.9    +      -       -      +
    334B  LEU*     3.2    29.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 331 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    136A  TYR*     5.1     4.0    -      -       -      +
    137A  ILE      5.2     3.4    +      -       -      -
    316B  LEU*     3.9    13.2    -      -       +      -
    323B  TRP*     3.4    30.4    -      -       +      -
    327B  GLN*     3.0    27.5    +      -       -      -
    328B  LEU      3.5     2.5    -      -       -      -
    330B  GLN*     1.3    73.4    -      -       -      +
    332B  ALA*     1.3    66.4    +      -       -      +
    334B  LEU*     3.1     9.2    +      -       -      +
    335B  ILE*     3.1    22.1    +      -       +      +
    549B  THR      4.4     7.0    +      -       -      +
    550B  PHE*     3.7    28.7    -      -       -      +
    551B  GLY      5.0     0.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 332 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    309B  HIS*     3.6    28.5    -      -       +      +
    312B  VAL*     4.6    10.5    -      -       +      -
    313B  CYS*     3.9    15.0    -      -       -      +
    316B  LEU*     4.7     2.0    -      -       +      -
    328B  LEU      2.8    15.4    +      -       -      +
    329B  PHE      2.9     7.8    +      -       -      +
    331B  THR*     1.3    72.8    -      -       -      +
    333B  ARG*     1.3    64.5    +      -       -      +
    335B  ILE*     2.9    22.9    +      -       -      +
    336B  LEU*     2.9    19.0    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 333 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    139A  TRP*     4.0    34.5    -      -       +      +
    140A  GLU*     5.8     3.0    -      -       -      +
    229B  ASP*     2.9    31.5    +      -       -      +
    230B  LEU*     4.5     0.2    -      -       -      +
    231B  GLY*     4.1    10.5    -      -       -      -
    234B  TYR*     3.3    56.2    +      -       +      +
    235B  GLY      4.5     5.7    +      -       -      -
    241B  GLN*     3.4    24.4    +      -       -      +
    329B  PHE*     3.0    20.4    +      -       +      +
    330B  GLN*     3.5    14.4    +      -       -      +
    332B  ALA*     1.3    76.8    -      -       -      +
    334B  LEU*     1.3    62.6    +      -       +      +
    336B  LEU*     4.0     1.8    -      -       -      +
    337B  ILE*     3.1    33.8    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 334 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    137A  ILE*     4.3     6.7    -      -       +      +
    138A  SER*     3.7     8.3    -      -       -      -
    139A  TRP*     3.3    39.0    -      -       +      +
    330B  GLN      3.2    20.8    +      -       -      +
    331B  THR*     3.1    10.8    +      -       -      +
    333B  ARG*     1.3    79.5    -      -       -      +
    335B  ILE*     1.3    63.5    +      -       -      +
    337B  ILE*     3.4    11.0    +      -       +      +
    338B  GLY      3.1    15.6    +      -       -      -
    539B  ILE*     3.4    33.4    -      -       +      +
    544B  TYR*     5.1     5.6    -      -       +      -
    549B  THR*     4.2    29.2    -      -       +      +
    550B  PHE*     3.2    18.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 335 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    312B  VAL*     3.6    26.7    -      -       +      -
    316B  LEU*     3.8    13.0    -      -       +      -
    331B  THR*     3.3    12.8    -      -       +      +
    332B  ALA      2.9     7.2    +      -       -      +
    334B  LEU*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
    336B  LEU*     1.3    58.4    +      -       -      +
    338B  GLY*     2.8     5.7    +      -       -      -
    339B  GLU*     2.8    31.0    +      -       +      +
    550B  PHE*     3.5    43.5    -      -       +      +
    555B  GLY*     3.6    13.0    -      -       -      +
    558B  LEU*     3.8    34.1    -      -       +      -
    559B  VAL*     3.3     7.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 336 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    230B  LEU*     3.4    18.6    -      -       +      -
    233B  ILE*     4.6     5.4    -      -       +      -
    234B  TYR*     3.7    17.3    -      -       -      +
    305B  TRP*     3.6    43.5    -      -       +      +
    308B  GLU*     4.0     1.3    -      -       +      -
    309B  HIS*     3.8    21.5    -      -       +      +
    312B  VAL*     4.0    13.9    -      -       +      -
    332B  ALA      2.9    22.7    +      -       -      +
    333B  ARG      4.1     2.2    -      -       -      +
    335B  ILE*     1.3    73.1    -      -       +      +
    337B  ILE*     1.3    58.2    +      -       -      +
    339B  GLU*     2.9    24.3    +      -       -      +
    340B  THR*     2.7    37.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 337 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    139A  TRP*     3.8    32.5    -      -       +      -
    228B  VAL*     3.6    26.2    -      -       +      +
    229B  ASP      4.2     5.2    -      -       -      +
    230B  LEU*     3.8    24.2    -      -       +      -
    333B  ARG*     3.1    36.4    +      -       +      +
    334B  LEU*     3.6    11.7    -      -       +      +
    335B  ILE      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    336B  LEU*     1.3    74.7    -      -       -      +
    338B  GLY*     1.3    64.0    +      -       -      +
    340B  THR*     3.4     1.7    +      -       -      -
    341B  ILE*     3.0    29.3    +      -       +      +
    537B  ASN*     3.9    12.8    -      -       -      +
    539B  ILE*     3.8    18.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 338 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    334B  LEU      3.1     8.5    +      -       -      -
    335B  ILE      2.8    10.1    +      -       -      -
    337B  ILE*     1.3    79.0    -      -       -      +
    339B  GLU*     1.3    64.1    +      -       -      +
    341B  ILE*     3.2     4.8    +      -       -      +
    342B  LYS*     3.1    19.4    +      -       -      +
    361B  PHE*     4.3     2.9    -      -       -      -
    539B  ILE*     4.0    12.3    -      -       -      +
    559B  VAL*     3.6    29.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 339 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    305B  TRP*     3.9    14.8    -      -       +      -
    308B  GLU*     2.7    41.3    -      -       -      +
    311B  ARG*     4.7     1.2    +      -       -      -
    312B  VAL*     4.3     1.9    -      -       -      +
    335B  ILE*     2.8    28.7    +      -       +      +
    336B  LEU*     3.4    19.4    -      -       -      +
    338B  GLY*     1.3    69.3    -      -       -      +
    340B  THR*     1.3    66.7    +      -       -      +
    342B  LYS*     2.9    14.5    +      -       -      +
    343B  ILE*     3.0    17.4    +      -       +      +
    558B  LEU*     4.1    25.5    -      -       -      +
    559B  VAL*     4.2     1.7    -      -       -      +
    562B  ALA*     4.0    21.0    -      -       +      +
    567B  LEU*     5.7     3.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 340 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    201B  PHE*     5.3     3.1    -      -       +      -
    205B  PHE*     3.7    32.5    -      -       +      -
    228B  VAL*     3.8    12.6    -      -       +      -
    230B  LEU*     3.7    22.1    -      -       +      +
    232B  HIS*     6.2     0.4    -      -       -      +
    305B  TRP*     3.4    28.6    -      -       +      +
    336B  LEU      2.7    21.3    +      -       -      -
    337B  ILE      3.6     4.3    -      -       -      -
    339B  GLU*     1.3    72.5    -      -       -      +
    341B  ILE*     1.3    57.3    +      -       -      +
    343B  ILE*     3.5     2.7    +      -       -      +
    344B  VAL*     2.9    37.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 341 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    228B  VAL*     4.7    10.1    -      -       +      -
    337B  ILE*     3.0    33.3    +      -       +      +
    338B  GLY      3.2     3.1    +      -       -      +
    340B  THR*     1.3    74.8    -      -       -      +
    342B  LYS*     1.3    61.6    +      -       -      +
    344B  VAL*     3.6     5.4    +      -       -      +
    345B  ILE*     3.2    24.1    +      -       +      +
    361B  PHE*     3.6    27.6    -      -       +      -
    534B  LEU*     3.7    47.3    -      -       +      +
    537B  ASN*     4.2    15.9    -      -       +      +
    539B  ILE*     4.5     7.2    -      -       +      -
    540B  CYS*     4.4    10.1    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 342 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    338B  GLY      3.1    10.7    +      -       -      +
    339B  GLU      2.9     9.4    +      -       -      +
    341B  ILE*     1.3    74.9    -      -       -      +
    343B  ILE*     1.3    67.5    +      -       -      +
    345B  ILE      3.1     1.4    +      -       -      -
    346B  GLU*     2.9    65.9    +      -       +      +
    361B  PHE*     4.0    30.3    +      -       +      +
    559B  VAL      3.1    22.0    -      -       -      +
    560B  LYS*     3.0    26.3    +      -       -      +
    561B  THR*     3.9     3.8    -      -       -      +
    562B  ALA*     3.4    25.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 343 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    201B  PHE*     3.8    27.4    -      -       +      -
    305B  TRP*     4.3    10.1    -      -       +      -
    339B  GLU*     3.0    17.1    +      -       +      +
    340B  THR*     4.0     3.8    -      -       -      +
    342B  LYS*     1.3    75.2    -      -       -      +
    344B  VAL*     1.3    64.5    +      -       -      +
    347B  GLU*     3.1    31.2    +      -       -      +
    348B  TYR      3.0    20.6    +      -       -      -
    562B  ALA*     4.2     7.6    -      -       +      -
    563B  THR      3.9    25.1    -      -       -      +
    564B  LEU*     3.9     7.4    -      -       +      +
    567B  LEU*     3.7    30.3    -      -       +      -
    580B  PHE*     4.2    15.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 344 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    201B  PHE*     3.8    26.0    -      -       +      -
    205B  PHE*     3.7    34.8    -      -       +      -
    340B  THR*     2.9    24.9    +      -       +      +
    341B  ILE*     3.9     5.4    -      -       -      +
    342B  LYS      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    343B  ILE*     1.3    77.4    -      -       -      +
    345B  ILE*     1.3    51.5    +      -       -      +
    348B  TYR*     3.0    14.5    -      -       +      +
    349B  VAL*     2.7    39.5    +      -       +      +
    530B  0AH      5.6     2.2    -      -       -      +
    534B  LEU*     3.4    31.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 345 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    113B  MET*     4.3     8.5    -      -       +      -
    341B  ILE*     3.2    16.2    +      -       +      +
    342B  LYS      3.1     3.1    +      -       -      +
    344B  VAL*     1.3    75.6    -      -       -      +
    346B  GLU*     1.3    65.9    +      -       -      +
    349B  VAL*     3.5     9.9    -      -       +      +
    350B  GLN      3.5    18.0    +      -       -      -
    359B  LEU*     3.7    24.4    -      -       +      +
    360B  LYS      4.2    18.4    -      -       -      +
    361B  PHE*     3.8    32.8    -      -       +      -
    531B  LEU*     4.7    10.8    -      -       +      -
    534B  LEU*     3.6    26.0    -      -       +      -
    535B  LEU*     4.4    17.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 346 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    109B  ARG*     4.2     5.3    +      -       -      -
    342B  LYS*     2.9    56.7    +      -       -      +
    345B  ILE*     1.3    76.7    -      -       +      +
    347B  GLU*     1.3    65.8    +      -       +      +
    350B  GLN*     3.2    21.9    -      -       -      +
    358B  GLN*     5.5     4.5    -      -       +      +
    359B  LEU*     3.4    23.5    -      -       -      +
    360B  LYS*     3.4    13.0    -      -       -      +
    361B  PHE*     3.0    29.4    +      -       +      +
    562B  ALA      5.3     0.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il