Contacts of the helix formed by residues 154 - 175 (chain B) in PDB entry 1Q4L


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with PRO 154 (chain B).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    146B  TYR*     3.7    20.9    -      -       +      +
    152B  THR      3.1     5.4    -      -       -      +
    153B  LEU*     1.3    89.3    -      -       +      +
    155B  VAL*     1.3    66.3    +      -       -      +
    156B  ILE*     2.9    19.6    +      -       +      +
    157B  TYR*     2.9    30.2    +      -       +      +
    158B  VAL      3.4     5.7    +      -       -      -
    351B  PRO*     5.9     1.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 155 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    153B  LEU      3.2     5.5    +      -       -      +
    154B  PRO*     1.3    70.7    -      -       -      +
    156B  ILE*     1.3    64.6    +      -       -      +
    158B  VAL*     3.2     9.8    +      -       +      +
    159B  LYS*     3.0    49.5    +      -       +      +
    251B  LEU*     4.3    19.5    -      -       +      -
    306B  ARG*     6.2     1.8    -      -       -      +
    309B  THR*     6.4     0.2    -      -       +      -
    310B  PRO*     4.0    33.7    -      -       +      -
    339B  PHE*     4.7     3.6    -      -       +      -
    342B  GLU*     4.9     2.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 156 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    154B  PRO*     2.9    17.9    +      -       +      -
    155B  VAL*     1.3    81.7    -      -       -      +
    157B  TYR*     1.3    76.0    +      -       +      +
    159B  LYS*     3.1     9.0    +      -       +      +
    160B  LEU*     3.0    32.3    +      -       +      +
    342B  GLU*     3.8    34.5    -      -       +      +
    343B  LEU*     4.2    17.3    -      -       +      -
    348B  VAL*     4.4    10.5    -      -       +      -
    349B  LYS      5.0     8.5    -      -       -      +
    350B  LEU*     5.8     0.2    -      -       +      -
    351B  PRO*     4.1    26.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 157 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    146B  TYR*     5.0     6.7    -      -       -      -
    153B  LEU*     4.0    19.3    -      -       +      -
    154B  PRO*     2.9    36.1    +      -       +      +
    156B  ILE*     1.3    81.5    -      -       +      +
    158B  VAL*     1.3    65.8    +      -       -      +
    160B  LEU*     4.4    12.6    -      -       +      -
    161B  TYR*     2.8    61.0    +      +       +      -
    191B  PRO      5.5     6.7    +      -       -      -
    194B  ALA*     4.8    12.6    -      -       +      -
    350B  LEU*     5.1     2.9    -      -       +      +
    351B  PRO*     3.4    45.0    -      -       +      +
    352B  ASN*     4.9     5.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 158 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    153B  LEU*     3.9    31.6    -      -       +      +
    154B  PRO      3.4    10.7    +      -       -      +
    155B  VAL*     3.2    13.1    +      -       +      +
    157B  TYR*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
    159B  LYS*     1.3    58.5    +      -       -      +
    161B  TYR*     4.1     0.4    -      -       -      +
    162B  MET*     3.0    39.6    +      -       +      +
    247B  LEU*     3.7    28.0    -      -       +      -
    250B  LEU*     4.2    26.5    -      -       +      +
    251B  LEU*     4.2    19.1    -      -       +      -
    339B  PHE*     4.2     5.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 159 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    155B  VAL*     3.0    32.8    +      -       +      +
    156B  ILE*     3.3     8.1    -      -       +      +
    158B  VAL*     1.3    73.9    -      -       -      +
    160B  LEU*     1.3    66.1    +      -       -      +
    163B  TYR*     2.9    24.6    +      -       -      +
    310B  PRO*     5.8     1.8    -      -       -      -
    338B  SER      5.7     0.2    +      -       -      -
    339B  PHE*     3.2    48.5    +      -       +      +
    340B  PHE*     3.3    20.6    -      -       +      -
    342B  GLU*     3.0    45.0    +      -       +      +
    343B  LEU*     4.0    12.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 160 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    156B  ILE*     3.0    20.2    +      -       +      +
    157B  TYR*     3.3    17.5    +      -       +      +
    159B  LYS*     1.3    79.2    -      -       -      +
    161B  TYR*     1.3    66.9    +      -       +      +
    163B  TYR*     3.9     1.4    -      -       -      +
    164B  GLN*     2.9    36.4    +      -       -      +
    194B  ALA*     3.9    12.3    -      -       +      +
    343B  LEU*     3.6    28.5    -      -       +      +
    350B  LEU*     3.4    31.4    -      -       +      -
    356B  THR*     4.4     6.7    -      -       +      -
    357B  PRO*     4.2    15.9    -      -       +      -
    359B  LEU*     4.1    22.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 161 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    139B  VAL*     4.5     9.9    -      -       +      -
    142B  VAL*     4.8     9.2    -      -       +      +
    153B  LEU*     4.3    18.4    -      -       +      +
    157B  TYR*     2.8    59.6    +      +       +      +
    158B  VAL*     4.1     2.5    -      -       -      +
    160B  LEU*     1.3    75.1    -      -       +      +
    162B  MET*     1.3    65.9    +      -       -      +
    164B  GLN*     3.3     3.6    +      -       -      +
    165B  LEU*     3.0    19.8    +      -       -      +
    189B  LEU*     3.4    50.1    -      -       +      +
    190B  ASP      5.5     1.2    +      -       -      -
    191B  PRO*     5.5     5.4    +      -       -      +
    194B  ALA*     4.2    24.5    -      -       +      -
    196B  LEU*     3.4    23.6    -      -       +      +
    250B  LEU*     4.8    11.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 162 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    158B  VAL*     3.0    26.9    +      -       +      +
    161B  TYR*     1.3    74.0    -      -       -      +
    163B  TYR*     1.3    65.9    +      -       -      +
    165B  LEU*     3.3    20.9    +      -       +      +
    166B  PHE*     3.0    52.8    +      -       +      -
    187B  LEU*     5.9     0.4    -      -       -      -
    243B  ALA      3.4    24.9    -      -       -      +
    246B  VAL*     3.9    22.4    -      -       -      -
    247B  LEU*     3.5    36.6    -      -       +      -
    250B  LEU*     4.4     7.4    -      -       +      -
    340B  PHE*     3.9    16.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 163 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    159B  LYS      2.9    18.2    +      -       -      +
    160B  LEU      3.9     1.8    -      -       -      +
    162B  MET*     1.3    76.0    -      -       -      +
    164B  GLN*     1.3    69.7    +      -       +      +
    166B  PHE*     3.0     8.7    +      -       -      +
    167B  ARG*     3.0    32.4    +      -       +      -
    335B  CYS*     3.6    33.2    -      -       +      -
    340B  PHE*     3.4    29.7    -      +       +      -
    343B  LEU*     3.6    16.6    -      -       +      -
    344B  ARG*     4.2     9.8    +      -       -      -
    359B  LEU*     2.8    56.2    +      -       +      -
    360B  PHE*     4.1    10.0    -      +       -      -
    362B  PHE*     3.3    21.2    -      +       -      -
    377B  LEU*     4.4     3.2    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 164 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    108B  ASN*     3.2    36.1    +      -       -      +
    160B  LEU*     2.9    32.2    +      -       -      +
    161B  TYR*     3.8     3.1    -      -       -      +
    162B  MET      3.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
    163B  TYR*     1.3    79.6    -      -       +      +
    165B  LEU*     1.3    67.4    +      -       -      +
    167B  ARG*     3.3     1.1    +      -       -      +
    168B  SER*     3.0    21.3    +      -       -      -
    194B  ALA      2.9    24.6    +      -       -      -
    195B  VAL*     3.6     8.8    -      -       -      +
    196B  LEU*     3.1    35.4    +      -       +      +
    357B  PRO*     4.4     7.6    -      -       -      +
    358B  ALA      5.0     1.4    -      -       -      +
    359B  LEU*     4.1    23.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 165 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    161B  TYR      3.0    14.6    +      -       -      +
    162B  MET*     3.6    25.1    -      -       +      +
    163B  TYR      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    164B  GLN*     1.3    75.7    -      -       -      +
    166B  PHE*     1.3    59.3    +      -       +      +
    168B  SER*     2.7    30.9    +      -       -      +
    169B  LEU*     3.0    24.0    +      -       +      +
    182B  ILE*     4.3    19.3    -      -       +      -
    187B  LEU*     3.9    37.9    -      -       +      -
    196B  LEU*     4.3    12.9    -      -       +      +
    198B  LEU*     4.7     2.7    -      -       +      -
    243B  ALA*     4.0    28.3    -      -       +      -
    246B  VAL*     4.9     2.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 166 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    162B  MET*     3.0    40.9    +      -       +      -
    163B  TYR      3.0     6.8    +      -       -      +
    165B  LEU*     1.3    73.7    -      -       -      +
    167B  ARG*     1.3    65.0    +      -       -      +
    169B  LEU*     3.1    13.2    +      -       +      +
    170B  ALA*     2.8    21.0    +      -       -      +
    240B  VAL*     5.0     6.1    -      -       +      -
    243B  ALA*     3.7    26.9    -      -       +      -
    316B  LEU*     4.5     3.8    -      -       +      -
    320B  LEU*     3.8    38.6    -      -       +      -
    331B  PRO*     3.5    22.2    -      -       +      +
    334B  ALA*     3.8    25.6    -      -       +      -
    335B  CYS*     3.5    16.8    -      -       -      -
    340B  PHE*     4.1    19.7    -      +       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 167 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    106B  HIS*     4.0    14.5    +      -       +      -
    107B  CYS*     3.9    11.1    -      -       -      -
    108B  ASN*     3.5    18.6    -      -       -      +
    163B  TYR*     3.0    31.3    +      -       +      +
    164B  GLN      3.3     1.5    +      -       -      +
    166B  PHE*     1.3    75.4    -      -       -      +
    168B  SER*     1.3    65.6    +      -       -      +
    170B  ALA*     3.0    16.9    +      -       -      +
    171B  TYR*     3.0    13.9    +      -       -      +
    335B  CYS*     3.7    13.0    -      -       -      -
    358B  ALA      3.7     5.9    +      -       -      -
    359B  LEU*     3.5    23.6    +      -       -      +
    361B  ASN*     2.8    51.3    +      -       -      +
    362B  PHE*     3.7    28.0    -      -       +      +
    366B  GLU*     2.8    30.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 168 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    106B  HIS*     4.2     7.7    -      -       -      -
    108B  ASN*     3.5    30.3    -      -       -      -
    109B  ILE*     4.0    10.4    -      -       -      +
    164B  GLN      3.0    12.3    +      -       -      -
    165B  LEU*     2.7    25.7    +      -       -      +
    167B  ARG*     1.3    77.5    -      -       -      +
    169B  LEU*     1.3    59.4    +      -       -      +
    171B  TYR*     3.5     4.4    +      -       -      +
    172B  ILE*     3.2    27.9    +      -       -      +
    196B  LEU*     6.0     0.2    -      -       -      -
    198B  LEU*     3.6    19.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 169 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    165B  LEU*     3.0    21.0    +      -       +      +
    166B  PHE*     3.6    15.9    -      -       +      +
    167B  ARG      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    168B  SER*     1.3    79.3    +      -       -      +
    170B  ALA*     1.3    66.9    +      -       -      +
    171B  TYR      3.1     1.8    -      -       -      -
    172B  ILE*     4.0    21.3    -      -       +      -
    173B  HIS*     2.9    34.2    +      -       +      +
    182B  ILE*     4.0    22.7    -      -       +      -
    198B  LEU*     4.3     6.5    -      -       +      -
    239B  ASP*     3.9    40.4    -      -       +      +
    240B  VAL*     4.6     2.7    -      -       -      +
    243B  ALA*     4.3    15.0    -      -       +      -
    331B  PRO*     3.8    13.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 170 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    166B  PHE      2.8    16.4    +      -       -      +
    167B  ARG*     3.5    10.1    -      -       -      +
    169B  LEU*     1.3    72.8    -      -       -      +
    171B  TYR*     1.3    57.9    +      -       -      +
    173B  HIS*     4.1     2.2    -      -       -      +
    174B  SER*     3.0    29.3    +      -       -      -
    331B  PRO*     3.3    19.6    -      -       +      +
    332B  LEU*     3.8    32.5    -      -       +      +
    366B  GLU*     4.4    12.2    -      -       +      +
    369B  SER*     5.7     5.0    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 171 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    103B  LYS      4.2     1.2    +      -       -      -
    104B  LEU*     3.7    21.0    -      -       +      -
    105B  ASP*     2.9    41.5    +      -       -      +
    106B  HIS*     3.4    37.9    -      +       +      +
    109B  ILE*     3.7    19.1    -      -       +      -
    167B  ARG      3.0     7.6    +      -       -      +
    168B  SER      3.5     7.0    -      -       -      +
    170B  ALA*     1.3    75.4    -      -       -      +
    172B  ILE*     1.3    68.5    +      -       +      +
    174B  SER*     2.7    25.5    +      -       -      -
    175B  PHE*     3.3    34.2    -      +       -      -
    363B  THR*     5.2     3.1    -      -       -      -
    365B  GLN*     4.2    16.2    -      -       +      -
    366B  GLU*     4.1    16.3    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 172 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    104B  LEU*     4.2    11.7    -      -       +      -
    109B  ILE*     3.4    30.7    -      -       +      -
    168B  SER      3.2    10.0    +      -       -      +
    169B  LEU*     3.6    25.6    -      -       +      +
    171B  TYR*     1.3    80.6    -      -       +      +
    173B  HIS*     1.3    68.3    +      -       +      +
    175B  PHE*     3.0    18.6    +      -       -      +
    177B  ILE*     3.2    39.2    +      -       +      +
    179B  HIS*     4.0    26.2    -      -       +      +
    198B  LEU*     4.5     6.7    -      -       +      -
    201B  PHE*     4.2    18.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 173 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    169B  LEU*     2.9    24.0    +      -       +      +
    170B  ALA*     4.1     3.6    -      -       -      +
    172B  ILE*     1.3    83.0    -      -       +      +
    174B  SER*     1.3    55.4    +      -       -      +
    176B  GLY*     2.6    25.4    +      -       -      +
    177B  ILE      3.0    29.8    -      -       -      +
    236B  SER*     3.2    42.2    -      -       -      +
    239B  ASP*     2.8    33.4    +      -       +      +
    240B  VAL*     4.8     3.6    -      -       +      -
    331B  PRO*     3.6    29.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 174 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    170B  ALA      3.0    16.7    +      -       -      -
    171B  TYR*     2.7    18.0    +      -       -      -
    173B  HIS*     1.3    75.8    -      -       -      +
    175B  PHE*     1.3    58.6    +      -       -      +
    176B  GLY      3.3     0.8    +      -       -      -
    365B  GLN*     2.9    46.5    +      -       -      +
    366B  GLU      5.1     2.2    -      -       -      -
    368B  SER*     3.8    11.0    +      -       -      -
    369B  SER*     5.5     5.4    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 175 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    103B  LYS*     3.9    40.4    -      -       +      +
    104B  LEU*     4.9     2.7    -      -       +      -
    171B  TYR*     3.3    59.7    -      +       -      -
    172B  ILE*     3.0    10.9    +      -       -      +
    173B  HIS      2.9     0.6    -      -       -      -
    174B  SER*     1.3    79.6    +      -       -      +
    176B  GLY*     1.3    61.2    +      -       -      +
    177B  ILE*     3.5    15.5    +      -       +      +
    206B  GLN*     3.4    19.8    +      -       -      +
    365B  GLN*     3.0    30.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il