Contacts of the strand formed by residues 431 - 453 (chain A) in PDB entry 1QFG


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with SER 431 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    345A  TYR*     3.3    12.8    +      -       -      -
    390A  TRP*     2.1    41.9    +      -       -      -
    391A  PHE      3.3    10.5    -      -       -      -
    392A  GLY*     4.1     2.9    -      -       -      -
    393A  TYR*     3.3    10.7    -      -       -      -
    426A  LYS*     4.1     0.9    -      -       -      +
    427A  ASP      3.0    14.1    +      -       -      +
    428A  PRO*     3.6    17.0    -      -       -      +
    429A  ALA      3.6     1.2    -      -       -      -
    430A  ASN*     1.3    95.4    -      -       -      +
    432A  GLY*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
    433A  PRO*     4.6     0.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 432 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    390A  TRP*     3.0    13.6    -      -       -      -
    391A  PHE      2.8    34.0    +      -       -      -
    393A  TYR*     3.0    17.9    +      -       -      -
    431A  SER*     1.3    79.4    +      -       -      +
    433A  PRO*     1.3    72.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO 433 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    388A  ASN*     6.0     0.2    -      -       -      +
    389A  ALA      3.5     7.6    -      -       -      +
    390A  TRP*     3.1    34.5    -      -       +      -
    391A  PHE*     5.6     0.2    -      -       -      -
    393A  TYR*     4.9     2.8    +      -       -      +
    431A  SER      4.6     0.2    -      -       -      +
    432A  GLY*     1.3    86.8    -      -       -      +
    434A  TYR*     1.3    61.7    -      -       -      +
    435A  ARG*     4.9     7.2    -      -       +      +
    475A  VAL*     4.0    30.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 434 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    115A  PHE*     3.4    37.0    -      +       -      -
    387A  ILE*     4.1    12.7    -      -       +      +
    388A  ASN*     3.6     0.5    +      -       -      -
    389A  ALA      2.7    41.0    +      -       -      +
    391A  PHE*     3.6    37.9    -      +       +      -
    433A  PRO*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
    435A  ARG*     1.3    59.8    +      -       -      +
    436A  ILE*     3.4    39.6    -      -       +      +
    473A  ASN*     5.8     1.3    -      -       -      -
    475A  VAL*     4.5     0.7    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 435 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    387A  ILE      3.3     7.2    -      -       -      +
    388A  ASN*     3.0    36.6    -      -       -      +
    389A  ALA      4.6     0.4    -      -       -      +
    433A  PRO*     4.9     5.3    -      -       +      +
    434A  TYR*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
    436A  ILE*     1.3    68.6    +      -       -      +
    473A  ASN*     3.5     5.9    +      -       -      +
    474A  ARG*     2.8    93.4    +      -       +      +
    475A  VAL*     3.8    23.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 436 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    385A  ASN      4.0     0.4    -      -       -      +
    386A  ASP*     3.6     1.6    -      -       -      +
    387A  ILE*     2.6    47.5    +      -       +      +
    434A  TYR*     3.4    49.1    -      -       +      +
    435A  ARG*     1.3    84.2    -      -       -      +
    437A  LEU*     1.3    61.2    +      -       -      +
    438A  ASN*     3.5    31.9    -      -       -      +
    471A  SER*     3.6    12.6    -      -       -      +
    472A  LEU      3.3     6.5    -      -       -      +
    473A  ASN*     3.8    27.8    -      -       +      +
    474A  ARG*     5.0     2.9    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 437 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    384A  ARG*     4.2    14.6    -      -       +      +
    385A  ASN      3.4     6.3    -      -       -      +
    386A  ASP*     3.0    35.4    -      -       +      +
    436A  ILE*     1.3    74.2    -      -       -      +
    438A  ASN*     1.3    65.1    +      -       -      +
    439A  LYS*     4.0    25.0    -      -       +      +
    470A  GLU      4.1     1.0    -      -       -      +
    471A  SER*     3.8     1.4    -      -       -      -
    472A  LEU*     2.9    57.4    +      -       +      +
    474A  ARG*     4.3     9.2    -      -       -      +
      3B  KDO      3.5    11.0    -      -       -      +
      4B  GMH      4.4    18.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 438 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    114A  ASN*     3.0    39.7    +      -       -      +
    115A  PHE*     5.4     1.4    -      -       -      +
    383A  MET*     4.5     5.6    -      -       +      +
    384A  ARG*     3.4     4.7    -      -       -      +
    385A  ASN*     2.8    34.5    +      -       +      +
    387A  ILE*     3.6    16.4    -      -       -      +
    436A  ILE*     3.5    10.8    -      -       -      +
    437A  LEU*     1.3    74.5    -      -       -      +
    439A  LYS*     1.3    64.5    +      -       -      +
    440A  GLN*     5.9     0.9    -      -       +      +
    470A  GLU      3.9     1.8    -      -       -      +
    471A  SER*     2.9    29.8    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 439 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    383A  MET      3.2     8.3    -      -       -      +
    384A  ARG*     3.2    36.0    -      -       +      +
    437A  LEU*     4.0    21.1    -      -       +      +
    438A  ASN*     1.3    79.3    -      -       -      +
    440A  GLN*     1.3    67.7    +      -       -      +
    469A  GLN*     3.5     5.7    -      -       -      +
    470A  GLU*     3.0    58.9    +      -       +      +
   2000A  DPO      3.1    31.8    +      -       -      +
      4B  GMH      5.1     4.4    +      -       -      -
      9B  KDO      4.9     2.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 440 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     98A  GLU*     5.7     0.2    +      -       -      -
    112A  GLN*     3.4    16.3    +      -       -      +
    114A  ASN*     4.4     3.2    -      -       -      +
    142A  LYS*     2.4    36.9    +      -       -      +
    381A  MET*     4.6     4.8    -      -       -      +
    382A  ARG*     3.2     5.5    -      -       -      +
    383A  MET*     2.9    54.2    +      -       +      +
    438A  ASN*     5.9     1.3    -      -       +      +
    439A  LYS*     1.3    78.3    -      -       -      +
    441A  LYS*     1.3    62.3    +      -       -      +
    468A  ASP      3.5     8.1    -      -       -      +
    469A  GLN*     4.5     9.8    +      -       +      +
   1110A  GOL      3.1    31.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 441 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    142A  LYS*     5.3     2.3    -      -       -      -
    380A  PHE*     3.9    17.7    -      -       +      -
    381A  MET*     3.3    10.8    -      -       -      +
    382A  ARG*     4.1    10.1    -      -       +      -
    440A  GLN*     1.3    73.1    -      -       -      +
    442A  GLN*     1.3    62.9    +      -       -      +
    443A  THR*     5.6     0.2    -      -       -      +
    466A  TRP      4.0     1.1    -      -       -      +
    467A  ALA*     3.4     2.9    -      -       -      +
    468A  ASP*     2.9    45.6    +      -       +      +
   1009A  FTT      3.7    19.0    +      -       -      +
   1100A  DDQ      4.1    26.3    -      -       -      -
   2000A  DPO      2.4    46.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 442 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    140A  TYR      3.9     9.3    +      -       -      -
    141A  GLY*     3.4     1.0    -      -       -      -
    142A  LYS*     2.5    54.1    +      -       -      +
    379A  ASP*     4.4     3.0    +      -       -      -
    380A  PHE*     3.4     6.4    -      -       -      -
    381A  MET*     3.0    47.6    +      -       +      +
    441A  LYS*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
    443A  THR*     1.3    64.0    +      -       -      +
    444A  GLY      4.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    463A  ARG*     3.9    13.1    -      -       -      +
    465A  ASP*     3.6    18.4    -      -       -      +
    466A  TRP      2.9    10.5    -      -       -      +
    467A  ALA*     4.2     9.4    -      -       +      -
    511A  PHE*     3.6     6.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 443 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    378A  VAL*     5.9     3.4    -      -       +      -
    379A  ASP      3.3     9.4    -      -       -      +
    380A  PHE*     3.2    19.3    -      -       +      -
    441A  LYS*     5.6     0.3    -      -       -      +
    442A  GLN*     1.3    73.6    -      -       -      +
    444A  GLY*     1.3    65.7    -      -       -      +
    445A  VAL*     5.5     2.5    -      -       +      -
    465A  ASP*     3.6     2.6    -      -       -      -
    466A  TRP*     2.8    44.6    +      -       +      +
   1100A  DDQ      3.1    38.9    -      -       +      -
   1103A  GOL      4.1    21.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 444 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    378A  VAL*     3.4     4.7    -      -       -      +
    379A  ASP      2.8    33.6    +      -       -      +
    443A  THR*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
    445A  VAL*     1.3    64.8    +      -       -      +
    446A  TYR*     4.7     0.7    -      -       -      -
    463A  ARG*     3.9    10.7    -      -       -      +
    464A  TYR      3.1    12.1    -      -       -      -
    465A  ASP*     3.3    15.1    +      -       -      -
    466A  TRP*     4.8     1.1    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 445 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    377A  GLY      3.4     6.3    -      -       -      +
    378A  VAL*     3.6    22.7    -      -       +      -
    443A  THR*     5.5     2.5    -      -       +      -
    444A  GLY*     1.3    79.0    -      -       -      +
    446A  TYR*     1.3    61.4    +      -       -      +
    447A  VAL*     5.8     0.4    -      -       -      -
    463A  ARG*     3.3     1.3    -      -       -      +
    464A  TYR*     2.9    40.6    +      -       +      +
    466A  TRP*     4.2    21.1    -      -       +      -
   1103A  GOL      5.0     9.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 446 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     38A  LYS*     3.6     7.1    +      -       +      -
    138A  VAL      3.9     4.5    -      -       -      +
    139A  LEU*     4.0    22.7    -      -       +      -
    358A  ASP*     2.6    29.3    +      -       -      -
    360A  GLN*     3.1    22.3    +      -       -      +
    375A  LEU*     4.1    30.3    -      -       +      -
    376A  THR*     3.5     0.3    -      -       -      -
    377A  GLY*     3.0    52.8    +      -       -      +
    378A  VAL      4.0     0.7    -      -       -      -
    379A  ASP*     4.1     3.8    -      -       +      -
    444A  GLY      4.6     0.7    -      -       -      -
    445A  VAL*     1.3    78.1    -      -       -      +
    447A  VAL*     1.3    73.8    +      -       -      +
    448A  GLN*     5.9     0.4    -      -       +      -
    462A  GLY      3.2    13.7    -      -       -      +
    463A  ARG*     3.4    42.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 447 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    374A  LEU*     4.2    16.8    -      -       +      -
    375A  LEU      3.1    11.2    -      -       -      +
    376A  THR*     4.4    12.6    -      -       +      -
    445A  VAL      5.8     0.4    -      -       -      -
    446A  TYR*     1.3    83.4    -      -       -      +
    448A  GLN*     1.3    70.1    +      -       -      +
    449A  ASP*     6.1     0.2    -      -       +      -
    461A  GLY*     3.0     3.7    -      -       -      -
    462A  GLY      2.9    33.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 448 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     37A  THR*     3.5    20.9    +      -       -      +
     39A  THR*     4.7     0.2    -      -       -      +
    138A  VAL*     6.2     2.2    -      -       +      -
    139A  LEU*     4.2     9.8    -      -       +      +
    373A  THR      3.6     1.3    +      -       -      +
    374A  LEU*     3.3     6.0    -      -       -      +
    375A  LEU*     2.4    86.7    +      -       +      +
    446A  TYR*     5.9     0.4    -      -       +      -
    447A  VAL*     1.3    81.0    -      -       -      +
    449A  ASP*     1.3    68.7    +      -       -      +
    450A  GLN*     4.5    11.3    +      -       -      +
    459A  THR*     4.0    13.1    -      -       +      +
    460A  LEU      3.4    14.4    -      -       -      +
    461A  GLY*     3.8     5.2    -      -       -      -
    490A  ARG*     3.3    25.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 449 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    365A  PHE*     5.0     0.5    -      -       -      -
    372A  HIS*     3.1    28.2    +      -       -      +
    373A  THR      3.1    11.0    -      -       -      +
    374A  LEU*     3.6    16.8    -      -       +      +
    447A  VAL*     6.1     0.2    -      -       +      -
    448A  GLN*     1.3    75.7    -      -       -      +
    450A  GLN*     1.3    67.0    +      -       -      +
    451A  ALA*     3.0    35.5    +      -       -      +
    458A  VAL*     3.3     5.5    -      -       +      +
    459A  THR*     3.4     1.9    -      -       -      +
    460A  LEU*     2.9    36.8    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 450 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     37A  THR*     3.8    16.5    -      -       -      +
     39A  THR*     2.9    32.5    +      -       -      +
     41A  THR*     2.7    34.3    +      -       -      +
     45A  LYS      4.7     5.3    +      -       -      -
    371A  ASP      3.6     0.7    -      -       -      +
    372A  HIS*     3.2     2.6    -      -       -      -
    373A  THR*     2.6    54.0    +      -       -      +
    448A  GLN*     4.5     7.4    +      -       -      +
    449A  ASP*     1.3    76.4    -      -       -      +
    451A  ALA*     1.3    59.7    +      -       -      +
    452A  GLN      4.2     0.4    +      -       -      -
    457A  LEU*     4.2     8.8    -      -       +      +
    458A  VAL      3.4     5.2    -      -       -      -
    459A  THR*     4.0    20.1    +      -       +      +
   1106A  GOL      4.2    18.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 451 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    370A  ILE*     4.5     8.1    -      -       +      -
    371A  ASP      3.1     8.1    -      -       -      +
    372A  HIS*     3.9    10.3    -      -       +      +
    449A  ASP*     3.0    17.5    -      -       -      +
    450A  GLN*     1.3    73.7    -      -       -      +
    452A  GLN*     1.3    61.5    +      -       -      +
    453A  TRP*     4.2     1.0    +      -       -      +
    456A  VAL*     3.7     1.6    -      -       -      +
    457A  LEU*     3.4     2.3    -      -       -      +
    458A  VAL*     2.7    55.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 452 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     45A  LYS*     3.0    37.4    +      -       -      +
    369A  ASP      3.9     1.4    -      -       -      +
    370A  ILE*     3.6     1.4    -      -       -      -
    371A  ASP*     2.8    48.4    +      -       +      +
    450A  GLN      4.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
    451A  ALA*     1.3    74.7    -      -       -      +
    453A  TRP*     1.3    61.4    +      -       -      +
    454A  ASP      3.6    19.8    +      -       -      +
    455A  LYS*     5.5     1.8    -      -       -      +
    456A  VAL      3.0    18.8    -      -       -      +
    457A  LEU*     4.2    11.1    -      -       +      +
    496A  LEU*     5.2     5.6    -      -       -      +
   1106A  GOL      3.9    12.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 453 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    369A  ASP*     3.1    36.5    +      -       +      +
    370A  ILE*     3.4    33.0    -      -       +      -
    451A  ALA      4.2     1.1    +      -       -      -
    452A  GLN*     1.3    74.0    -      -       -      +
    454A  ASP*     1.3    84.4    +      -       -      +
    455A  LYS      3.2     2.6    +      -       -      -
    456A  VAL*     2.9    37.2    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il