Contacts of the helix formed by residues 198 - 220 (chain F) in PDB entry 1XFB


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ASP 198 (chain F).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    196F  ASP      3.8     1.0    +      -       -      -
    197F  HIS*     1.3    77.9    -      -       -      +
    199F  LEU*     1.3    65.7    +      -       -      +
    200F  LYS*     3.1    36.8    +      -       -      +
    201F  ARG*     3.2    27.2    +      -       -      +
    202F  CYS      3.3     8.1    +      -       -      -
    236F  PRO*     4.1     2.7    -      -       -      -
    240F  CYS*     4.0    15.3    -      -       -      -
    242F  ILE*     4.3     8.9    -      -       +      +
    244F  TYR*     3.4    14.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 199 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    198F  ASP*     1.3    73.7    -      -       -      +
    200F  LYS*     1.3    65.6    +      -       -      +
    202F  CYS*     3.1     4.5    +      -       -      +
    203F  GLN*     3.0    21.0    +      -       -      +
    234F  VAL*     3.3    19.7    -      -       +      +
    235F  THR*     3.2    33.9    -      -       -      -
    236F  PRO*     3.8    13.3    -      -       +      +
    244F  TYR*     3.3    43.2    +      -       +      -
    248F  GLU*     3.7    28.5    -      -       +      +
    249F  ILE*     4.4     5.8    -      -       +      -
    252F  ALA*     3.9    12.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 200 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    198F  ASP*     3.1    20.7    +      -       -      +
    199F  LEU*     1.3    79.1    -      -       -      +
    201F  ARG*     1.3    63.7    +      -       -      +
    203F  GLN*     3.1    10.0    +      -       -      +
    204F  TYR*     3.0    21.4    +      -       -      +
      4G  SER*     6.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
      6G  PRO*     4.2    22.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 201 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    154F  ILE*     3.4    19.7    -      -       +      +
    155F  SER      3.3    24.7    +      -       -      -
    156F  GLU*     4.6     0.8    +      -       -      +
    158F  THR      5.5     0.2    -      -       -      +
    159F  PRO*     4.8     1.4    -      -       -      +
    197F  HIS*     3.7    24.2    -      -       +      +
    198F  ASP*     3.2    20.0    +      -       -      +
    200F  LYS*     1.3    78.5    -      -       -      +
    202F  CYS*     1.3    64.6    +      -       -      +
    204F  TYR*     3.1     7.2    +      -       -      +
    205F  VAL*     2.9    34.8    +      -       +      +
      3G  HIS*     2.6    51.7    +      -       -      +
      4G  SER*     3.6    20.6    +      -       -      +
    157H  ARG*     3.8    12.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with CYS 202 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    154F  ILE*     4.1    18.8    -      -       -      +
    191F  ILE*     5.2     4.7    -      -       -      -
    192F  LEU      6.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    197F  HIS*     4.0    12.5    -      -       +      -
    198F  ASP      3.3     2.9    +      -       -      +
    199F  LEU      3.1     8.5    +      -       -      +
    201F  ARG*     1.3    78.6    -      -       -      +
    203F  GLN*     1.3    57.9    -      -       -      +
    205F  VAL*     3.9     0.5    -      -       -      +
    206F  THR*     2.8    41.1    +      -       -      -
    232F  ASN*     4.2     6.7    -      -       -      -
    233F  MET      4.4     0.7    -      -       -      -
    234F  VAL*     3.5    11.4    -      -       -      -
    235F  THR      3.2    43.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 203 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    199F  LEU*     3.0    12.2    +      -       -      +
    200F  LYS*     3.4    12.9    -      -       -      +
    202F  CYS*     1.3    78.1    -      -       -      +
    204F  TYR*     1.3    57.3    +      -       -      +
    206F  THR*     3.2     3.3    +      -       -      -
    207F  GLU*     2.6    58.3    +      -       -      +
    234F  VAL*     3.8    16.7    -      -       +      +
    252F  ALA*     3.4    37.0    +      -       +      +
    255F  THR*     3.7    15.2    -      -       -      +
    256F  ALA*     3.9     6.2    -      -       +      +
    259F  ARG*     3.2    16.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 204 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    200F  LYS      3.0    12.3    +      -       -      +
    201F  ARG*     3.3     8.7    -      -       -      +
    203F  GLN*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
    205F  VAL*     1.3    68.9    +      -       +      +
    207F  GLU*     3.1    12.7    +      -       -      +
    208F  LYS*     3.0    53.0    +      -       +      +
      3G  HIS*     2.9    51.8    +      +       +      +
      4G  SER*     3.3    32.1    -      -       -      -
      5G  TYR      5.1     0.8    +      -       -      -
    221G  HIS*     2.9    33.2    -      +       +      -
    118H  GLY      5.4     0.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 205 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    154F  ILE*     3.9    24.9    -      -       +      -
    159F  PRO*     3.6    31.0    -      -       +      -
    164F  ILE*     6.0     0.4    -      -       +      -
    191F  ILE*     3.7    15.7    -      -       +      -
    201F  ARG*     2.9    27.2    +      -       +      +
    202F  CYS      4.0     0.4    -      -       -      +
    204F  TYR*     1.3    78.1    -      -       +      +
    206F  THR*     1.3    63.6    +      -       -      +
    208F  LYS*     3.2     5.9    +      -       +      +
    209F  VAL*     2.9    26.1    +      -       +      +
      3G  HIS*     3.7    26.7    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 206 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    191F  ILE*     3.4    16.2    -      -       +      +
    202F  CYS*     2.8    28.6    +      -       -      -
    203F  GLN*     3.5     5.6    -      -       -      -
    205F  VAL*     1.3    75.7    -      -       -      +
    207F  GLU*     1.3    64.2    +      -       -      +
    209F  VAL*     3.8     0.5    -      -       -      +
    210F  LEU*     2.9    45.7    +      -       +      +
    231F  PRO*     5.8     2.2    -      -       +      -
    232F  ASN*     3.3    28.5    +      -       -      +
    234F  VAL*     4.4     9.5    -      -       +      +
    256F  ALA*     4.1    15.3    -      -       +      -
    257F  LEU*     5.9     1.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 207 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    203F  GLN*     2.6    50.9    +      -       -      +
    204F  TYR*     3.1    12.3    +      -       +      +
    206F  THR*     1.3    78.0    -      -       -      +
    208F  LYS*     1.3    62.8    +      -       +      +
    210F  LEU*     4.8     0.4    -      -       -      -
    211F  ALA*     2.9    30.9    +      -       -      +
    256F  ALA*     3.7    23.5    -      -       -      +
    259F  ARG*     3.0    31.9    +      -       -      +
    260F  THR*     3.4    15.8    -      -       +      +
    218G  SER*     5.4     0.4    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 208 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    164F  ILE*     4.7    13.9    -      -       +      +
    204F  TYR*     3.0    61.1    +      -       +      +
    205F  VAL*     3.7     6.7    -      -       -      +
    207F  GLU*     1.3    75.3    -      -       -      +
    209F  VAL*     1.3    67.0    +      -       +      +
    211F  ALA*     3.4     6.0    +      -       -      +
    212F  ALA*     3.1    22.2    +      -       -      +
      3G  HIS*     6.5     0.2    -      -       +      -
    215G  LYS*     5.7     0.3    -      -       -      -
    218G  SER*     2.5    42.1    +      -       -      +
    219G  ASP*     4.7     1.8    -      -       -      +
    221G  HIS*     2.9    23.0    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 209 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    152F  LEU*     3.3    36.6    -      -       +      -
    159F  PRO*     4.8     0.7    -      -       +      -
    164F  ILE*     4.4    21.7    -      -       +      +
    189F  PRO*     4.2    15.0    -      -       +      +
    191F  ILE*     3.6    18.8    -      -       +      -
    205F  VAL*     2.9    28.8    +      -       +      +
    206F  THR      3.8     3.1    -      -       -      +
    208F  LYS*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
    210F  LEU*     1.3    66.4    +      -       +      +
    212F  ALA*     3.0     5.7    +      -       -      +
    213F  VAL*     2.9    37.3    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 210 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    189F  PRO*     4.0    17.5    -      -       +      -
    191F  ILE*     6.5     0.2    -      -       +      -
    206F  THR*     2.9    38.5    +      -       +      +
    207F  GLU      4.0     0.4    -      -       -      +
    209F  VAL*     1.3    77.1    -      -       +      +
    211F  ALA*     1.3    65.1    +      -       -      +
    213F  VAL*     2.9    17.1    +      -       +      +
    214F  TYR*     2.9    23.8    +      -       +      -
    229F  LEU*     3.9    33.0    -      -       +      -
    231F  PRO*     4.7     7.2    -      -       +      -
    256F  ALA      5.0     0.9    -      -       -      +
    257F  LEU*     3.8    26.2    -      -       +      -
    260F  THR*     3.5    29.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 211 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    207F  GLU      2.9    19.4    +      -       -      +
    208F  LYS      3.6     4.7    -      -       -      +
    209F  VAL      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    210F  LEU*     1.3    76.4    -      -       -      +
    212F  ALA*     1.3    62.5    +      -       -      +
    214F  TYR*     3.8     3.5    +      -       -      +
    215F  LYS*     3.3    21.1    +      -       -      +
    260F  THR*     4.1    16.0    -      -       +      +
    215G  LYS*     3.7    11.2    -      -       +      +
    218G  SER*     3.4    33.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 212 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    164F  ILE*     3.5    28.7    -      -       +      -
    165F  LEU*     6.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
    168F  ALA*     4.1     9.9    -      -       +      +
    208F  LYS      3.1     7.2    +      -       -      +
    209F  VAL      3.0     9.7    +      -       -      +
    211F  ALA*     1.3    74.7    -      -       -      +
    213F  VAL*     1.3    67.9    +      -       -      +
    215F  LYS*     3.2     3.3    +      -       -      +
    216F  ALA*     3.0    23.7    +      -       -      +
    215G  LYS*     3.8    20.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 213 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    168F  ALA*     4.0    17.4    -      -       +      +
    171F  LEU*     4.2    12.8    -      -       +      -
    187F  VAL*     3.9    27.6    -      -       +      -
    189F  PRO*     4.1    17.9    -      -       +      -
    209F  VAL*     2.9    34.9    +      -       +      +
    210F  LEU*     3.3    11.7    -      -       +      +
    212F  ALA*     1.3    76.3    -      -       -      +
    214F  TYR*     1.3    65.4    +      -       +      +
    216F  ALA*     3.3     4.6    +      -       -      +
    217F  LEU*     3.0    35.0    +      -       +      +
    229F  LEU*     5.3     1.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 214 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    187F  VAL*     5.7     2.0    -      -       +      +
    210F  LEU*     2.9    25.6    +      -       +      +
    211F  ALA*     4.5     2.5    -      -       -      +
    213F  VAL*     1.3    78.7    -      -       +      +
    215F  LYS*     1.3    67.1    +      -       -      +
    217F  LEU*     3.2    16.3    +      -       +      +
    218F  SER*     2.9    22.5    +      -       -      -
    224F  LEU*     3.6    35.9    -      -       +      +
    227F  THR*     5.1     2.7    +      -       -      -
    228F  LEU      5.2     0.7    -      -       -      -
    229F  LEU*     3.4    39.6    -      -       +      +
    260F  THR      3.9    16.8    -      -       -      +
    261F  VAL*     3.7    21.5    -      -       +      +
    262F  PRO*     3.7    19.1    -      -       +      -
    265F  VAL*     3.5    25.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 215 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    211F  ALA      3.3    16.8    +      -       -      +
    212F  ALA      3.2     5.6    +      -       -      +
    214F  TYR*     1.3    76.8    -      -       -      +
    216F  ALA*     1.3    58.6    +      -       -      +
    218F  SER*     3.2     5.1    +      -       -      -
    219F  ASP*     2.9    67.5    +      -       -      +
    211G  ALA*     3.8    23.3    -      -       +      +
    212G  ALA*     3.9    26.7    -      -       -      +
    215G  LYS*     3.7    31.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 216 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    168F  ALA*     3.4    35.2    -      -       +      +
    169F  ASN*     4.3     4.3    -      -       -      +
    172F  ALA*     3.8     6.5    -      -       +      -
    212F  ALA      3.0    12.4    +      -       -      +
    213F  VAL      3.4     7.9    -      -       -      +
    215F  LYS*     1.3    75.0    -      -       -      +
    217F  LEU*     1.3    67.9    +      -       -      +
    219F  ASP*     2.9    11.1    +      -       -      +
    220F  HIS*     2.9    29.3    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 217 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    168F  ALA      5.8     0.2    -      -       -      +
    171F  LEU      4.7     0.2    -      -       -      -
    172F  ALA*     3.7    21.8    -      -       +      +
    175F  ALA*     3.9     9.0    -      -       +      -
    187F  VAL*     4.4    17.9    -      -       +      -
    213F  VAL*     3.0    27.5    +      -       +      +
    214F  TYR*     3.5    39.3    -      -       +      +
    216F  ALA*     1.3    76.8    -      -       -      +
    218F  SER*     1.3    62.0    +      -       -      +
    220F  HIS      3.2     1.6    +      -       -      -
    221F  HIS      3.1     4.0    +      -       -      -
    222F  VAL*     3.0    60.1    +      -       +      +
    224F  LEU*     4.0    15.5    -      -       +      -
    227F  THR*     5.5     2.0    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 218 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    214F  TYR      2.9    13.9    +      -       -      -
    215F  LYS*     3.3    10.5    -      -       -      -
    217F  LEU*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
    219F  ASP*     1.3    60.9    +      -       -      +
    221F  HIS*     2.9    13.0    +      -       -      +
    222F  VAL      5.0     2.9    -      -       -      +
    207G  GLU      5.1     0.3    +      -       -      -
    208G  LYS*     2.7    41.8    +      -       -      +
    211G  ALA*     3.5    30.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 219 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    162E  LEU*     3.3    22.9    -      -       +      +
    165E  LEU*     3.8    25.1    -      -       +      +
    215F  LYS*     2.9    51.0    +      -       -      +
    216F  ALA*     2.9    11.2    +      -       -      +
    218F  SER*     1.3    77.5    +      -       -      +
    220F  HIS*     1.3    66.9    +      -       +      +
    221F  HIS*     3.4    12.5    +      -       -      -
    208G  LYS*     4.9     2.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 220 (chain F). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    116E  LEU*     5.4     3.5    -      -       +      +
    117E  ALA      3.8     5.7    -      -       -      +
    162E  LEU*     3.6    30.7    -      -       +      +
    165E  LEU*     4.2     2.6    -      -       -      +
    166E  GLU*     3.9    12.1    -      -       +      -
    169F  ASN*     2.8    28.9    +      -       -      -
    172F  ALA*     3.4    29.3    -      -       +      +
    173F  ARG*     3.8    35.4    +      -       +      +
    176F  SER*     3.7    18.3    +      -       -      -
    216F  ALA*     2.9    22.4    +      -       -      +
    217F  LEU      3.9     2.7    -      -       -      +
    218F  SER      3.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
    219F  ASP*     1.3    80.5    -      -       +      +
    221F  HIS*     1.3    74.1    +      -       -      +
    222F  VAL*     3.3     3.3    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il