Contacts of the helix formed by residues 28 - 49 (chain H) in PDB entry 2FIE


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with GLY 28 (chain H).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     22D  ARG*     3.7     6.9    +      -       -      -
    801D  A74      4.1    11.1    -      -       -      +
     27H  THR*     1.3    78.9    -      -       -      +
     29H  GLU*     1.3    58.0    -      -       -      +
     31H  THR*     3.2     6.5    +      -       -      -
     32H  GLN*     3.0    28.8    +      -       -      +
    901H  A74      3.0    38.1    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 29 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     22D  ARG*     2.9    37.4    -      -       -      +
     27H  THR*     3.3     7.3    +      -       -      +
     28H  GLY*     1.3    74.2    -      -       -      +
     30H  LEU*     1.3    55.9    +      -       -      +
     32H  GLN*     2.9     3.3    +      -       -      +
     33H  LEU*     2.5    35.9    +      -       -      +
     89H  PHE      3.5     4.4    -      -       -      +
     90H  ALA*     3.3    20.8    -      -       +      +
    110H  ARG      4.7     0.3    -      -       -      +
    111H  GLY*     3.1    30.5    -      -       -      -
    112H  LYS*     2.6    44.2    +      -       -      +
    113H  TYR*     3.9     8.7    -      -       +      -
    901H  A74      4.4     0.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 30 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     28H  GLY      3.4     0.6    -      -       -      -
     29H  GLU*     1.3    78.1    -      -       -      +
     31H  THR*     1.3    57.4    +      -       -      +
     33H  LEU*     3.9     9.4    -      -       +      -
     34H  LEU*     2.8    50.9    +      -       +      +
    113H  TYR*     3.6    28.0    -      -       +      +
    138H  ILE*     4.1    28.0    -      -       +      -
    160H  VAL*     3.8    19.1    -      -       +      -
    161H  ALA*     5.0     1.1    -      -       +      -
    177H  MET*     3.6    26.5    -      -       +      -
    901H  A74      3.6    32.3    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 31 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     18D  MET*     3.3    26.7    -      -       +      -
    801D  A74      3.7    14.1    -      -       -      -
     17H  VAL*     3.9    26.9    +      -       +      +
     18H  MET*     4.6     9.2    -      -       -      -
     21H  GLY*     4.2     3.3    -      -       -      -
     28H  GLY      3.3    10.1    -      -       -      -
     29H  GLU      3.1     0.6    -      -       -      -
     30H  LEU*     1.3    75.2    -      -       -      +
     32H  GLN*     1.3    58.0    +      -       -      +
     34H  LEU*     3.8     1.4    +      -       -      +
     35H  ASN*     3.1    26.7    +      -       -      +
    901H  A74      3.1    40.4    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 32 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     15D  ARG*     4.0    16.5    +      -       +      +
     18D  MET*     3.9    31.2    -      -       +      -
     19D  GLU*     3.0    43.4    +      -       -      +
     22D  ARG*     2.6    42.4    +      -       -      +
    801D  A74      5.2     0.9    -      -       -      +
     28H  GLY      3.0    11.3    +      -       -      +
     29H  GLU      2.9     8.1    +      -       -      +
     31H  THR*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
     33H  LEU*     1.3    64.0    +      -       -      +
     35H  ASN*     3.6     2.4    +      -       -      +
     36H  SER*     3.1    26.0    +      -       -      -
     88H  SER*     3.8    20.2    +      -       -      +
     89H  PHE*     5.5     0.7    -      -       -      +
     90H  ALA*     5.2     0.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 33 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     29H  GLU      2.5    19.8    +      -       -      +
     30H  LEU*     3.5    13.9    -      -       +      +
     32H  GLN*     1.3    70.1    -      -       -      +
     34H  LEU*     1.3    68.3    +      -       -      +
     36H  SER*     3.1    15.2    +      -       -      -
     37H  LEU*     3.2    13.9    +      -       +      +
     85H  LEU*     3.6    20.7    -      -       +      +
     88H  SER*     3.7    14.3    -      -       -      +
     90H  ALA*     4.1     9.6    -      -       +      +
     91H  THR*     3.2    35.4    -      -       +      -
    113H  TYR*     4.7    11.2    -      -       +      -
    115H  VAL*     4.3    11.0    -      -       +      -
    138H  ILE*     4.0    27.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 34 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     13H  LEU*     5.7     1.7    -      -       -      +
     17H  VAL*     4.3    15.7    -      -       +      -
     30H  LEU*     2.8    31.9    +      -       +      +
     31H  THR      4.1     2.7    -      -       -      +
     33H  LEU*     1.3    74.0    -      -       -      +
     35H  ASN*     1.3    63.2    +      -       -      +
     37H  LEU*     3.4    18.2    +      -       +      +
     38H  CYS*     3.1    19.9    +      -       -      +
    136H  PHE*     4.5     1.3    -      -       +      -
    138H  ILE*     3.8    23.3    -      -       +      -
    161H  ALA*     4.9     0.4    -      -       +      -
    175H  LEU*     4.1    31.9    -      -       +      -
    177H  MET*     3.8    29.4    -      -       +      -
    901H  A74      4.1    13.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 35 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     12D  THR*     4.9     2.9    +      -       -      -
     14D  THR*     3.3    37.3    +      -       -      +
     15D  ARG*     4.8     7.4    +      -       -      +
     18D  MET*     4.5     7.4    -      -       +      +
    192D  GLU*     6.0     0.2    -      -       -      -
     14H  THR*     4.0    22.0    +      -       -      +
     17H  VAL*     5.7     1.1    -      -       +      +
     31H  THR      3.1    19.3    +      -       -      +
     32H  GLN*     3.9     7.9    -      -       -      +
     33H  LEU      3.1     0.8    -      -       -      -
     34H  LEU*     1.3    78.1    -      -       -      +
     36H  SER*     1.3    61.1    +      -       -      +
     38H  CYS*     2.9    30.0    +      -       -      +
     39H  THR*     3.1    15.6    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 36 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     15D  ARG*     3.5    17.9    +      -       -      -
     32H  GLN      3.1    12.6    +      -       -      -
     33H  LEU      3.1     8.8    +      -       -      -
     35H  ASN*     1.3    75.8    +      -       -      +
     37H  LEU*     1.3    66.8    +      -       -      +
     38H  CYS      3.0     1.3    -      -       -      -
     39H  THR*     3.2     5.9    +      -       -      +
     40H  ALA*     2.9    24.3    +      -       -      +
     84H  MET*     3.3    42.8    +      -       -      +
     85H  LEU*     4.5     2.9    -      -       -      -
     88H  SER*     3.5     8.1    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 37 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     33H  LEU*     3.2    11.6    +      -       +      +
     34H  LEU*     3.4    23.1    -      -       +      +
     36H  SER*     1.3    77.9    -      -       -      +
     38H  CYS*     1.3    53.3    +      -       -      +
     40H  ALA*     3.4     6.7    +      -       +      +
     41H  VAL*     2.8    44.8    +      -       +      +
     81H  VAL*     4.4    23.3    -      -       +      -
     85H  LEU*     4.5    17.8    -      -       +      +
    115H  VAL*     5.1     3.4    -      -       +      -
    117H  PHE*     5.9     0.4    -      -       +      -
    134H  THR*     6.0     2.9    -      -       +      -
    136H  PHE*     3.3    62.8    -      -       +      -
    138H  ILE*     4.3     7.4    -      -       +      -
    173H  LEU*     6.0     1.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with CYS 38 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     13H  LEU*     3.8    21.3    -      -       +      -
     14H  THR*     5.2     7.4    -      -       -      -
     34H  LEU      3.1     9.9    +      -       -      +
     35H  ASN*     2.9    22.0    +      -       -      +
     37H  LEU*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
     39H  THR*     1.3    64.4    +      -       -      +
     41H  VAL*     3.3     7.8    +      -       -      +
     42H  LYS*     3.1    36.4    +      -       -      +
    173H  LEU*     5.0     4.5    -      -       -      -
    193H  PHE*     3.4    32.7    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 39 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     59A  ILE*     4.3    15.5    -      -       +      -
     12D  THR*     4.9     3.8    +      -       +      -
    190D  ILE*     4.4     6.2    -      -       +      +
    192D  GLU*     3.2    38.1    +      -       +      +
     35H  ASN*     3.1    18.4    +      -       -      -
     36H  SER      3.2     2.0    +      -       -      -
     38H  CYS*     1.3    77.6    -      -       -      +
     40H  ALA*     1.3    64.2    +      -       -      +
     42H  LYS*     3.3    12.5    +      -       -      +
     43H  ALA*     2.9    21.7    +      -       -      +
     84H  MET*     3.6    30.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 40 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     36H  SER      2.9    13.1    +      -       -      +
     37H  LEU*     3.4    12.8    -      -       +      +
     39H  THR*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
     41H  VAL*     1.3    54.8    +      -       +      +
     43H  ALA*     3.0     7.7    +      -       -      +
     44H  ILE*     2.7    38.6    +      -       -      +
     80H  LEU*     4.4     3.4    -      -       -      -
     81H  VAL*     4.0    37.7    -      -       +      +
     84H  MET*     4.1    12.7    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 41 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     37H  LEU*     2.8    35.7    +      -       +      +
     38H  CYS*     3.3     7.2    +      -       -      +
     40H  ALA*     1.3    73.8    -      -       +      +
     42H  LYS*     1.3    57.5    +      -       -      +
     44H  ILE*     3.4     5.4    -      -       +      +
     45H  SER*     2.8    26.0    +      -       -      -
     81H  VAL*     6.4     0.2    -      -       +      -
    134H  THR*     4.9    11.9    -      -       +      -
    136H  PHE*     5.4     4.9    -      -       +      -
    165H  ALA*     3.5    33.7    -      -       +      -
    167H  TYR*     3.5    16.6    +      -       +      +
    171H  THR*     4.8     2.5    -      -       +      -
    173H  LEU*     4.7     9.2    -      -       +      -
    193H  PHE*     3.9    21.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 42 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     42D  LYS*     4.4     1.4    -      -       -      +
    189D  ALA      5.0     0.7    -      -       -      +
    190D  ILE*     3.2    24.9    +      -       +      +
    191D  GLY      3.2    17.4    +      -       -      -
    192D  GLU*     3.5    15.4    +      -       -      -
     38H  CYS*     3.1    25.1    +      -       -      +
     39H  THR*     3.7     8.3    -      -       -      +
     41H  VAL*     1.3    72.8    -      -       -      +
     43H  ALA*     1.3    56.0    +      -       -      +
     45H  SER*     3.0     9.6    +      -       -      -
     46H  SER*     2.7    36.2    +      -       -      -
    186H  LEU*     3.7    29.3    -      -       +      +
    191H  GLY*     3.0    28.6    +      -       -      +
    192H  GLU*     5.0     0.6    -      -       -      +
    193H  PHE*     3.5    25.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 43 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     55A  HIS*     5.2     8.6    +      -       -      +
     59A  ILE*     3.7    24.7    -      -       +      -
    190D  ILE*     3.9    19.4    -      -       +      +
     39H  THR      2.9    14.2    +      -       -      +
     40H  ALA*     3.4     9.2    -      -       -      +
     42H  LYS*     1.3    72.7    -      -       -      +
     44H  ILE*     1.3    64.5    +      -       -      +
     46H  SER*     3.0    13.5    +      -       -      -
     47H  ALA*     3.1    13.2    +      -       -      +
     80H  LEU*     3.6    19.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 44 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     40H  ALA      2.7    23.3    +      -       -      +
     41H  VAL*     3.4     5.4    -      -       +      +
     43H  ALA*     1.3    71.3    -      -       -      +
     45H  SER*     1.3    58.4    +      -       -      +
     47H  ALA*     2.9     8.5    +      -       -      +
     48H  VAL*     2.8    39.0    +      -       +      +
     77H  SER*     4.0    22.7    -      -       -      +
     80H  LEU*     3.6    19.5    -      -       +      +
     81H  VAL*     3.7    28.3    -      -       +      -
    119H  PRO      3.8     6.7    -      -       -      +
    120H  LEU*     4.2     2.9    -      -       +      -
    134H  THR*     3.7    12.3    -      -       +      +
    167H  TYR*     3.0    40.6    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 45 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     41H  VAL      2.8    15.0    +      -       -      -
     42H  LYS*     3.2    13.0    -      -       -      -
     44H  ILE*     1.3    75.2    -      -       -      +
     46H  SER*     1.3    64.9    +      -       -      +
     48H  VAL*     3.1     3.1    +      -       -      -
     49H  ARG*     3.0    36.5    +      -       -      -
    167H  TYR*     3.6    19.6    -      -       -      -
    171H  THR*     2.8    31.0    +      -       -      -
    186H  LEU*     4.4     8.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 46 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     55A  HIS*     6.4     0.4    -      -       -      -
    189D  ALA*     3.6    33.3    +      -       -      +
    190D  ILE*     4.2     8.8    -      -       -      +
     42H  LYS      2.7    15.4    +      -       -      -
     43H  ALA      3.0    10.7    +      -       -      -
     45H  SER*     1.3    74.6    -      -       -      +
     47H  ALA*     1.3    62.2    +      -       -      +
     49H  ARG*     3.6     7.5    +      -       -      +
     51H  ALA*     3.1    35.4    +      -       -      +
    188L  PRO*     5.4     0.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 47 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     55A  HIS*     6.1     2.7    -      -       -      +
     43H  ALA      3.1     9.3    +      -       -      +
     44H  ILE*     2.9    10.8    +      -       -      +
     46H  SER*     1.3    75.4    -      -       -      +
     48H  VAL*     1.3    60.5    +      -       -      +
     50H  LYS*     2.9    28.1    +      -       -      -
     51H  ALA*     4.4     7.6    -      -       -      +
     73H  LEU*     3.7    24.0    -      -       +      +
     76H  LEU*     4.2    18.4    -      -       +      -
     80H  LEU*     5.7     0.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 48 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     44H  ILE*     2.8    40.3    +      -       +      +
     45H  SER*     3.1     7.2    +      -       -      +
     47H  ALA*     1.3    72.7    -      -       -      +
     49H  ARG*     1.3    59.8    +      -       -      +
     50H  LYS*     3.0    19.9    +      -       -      +
     73H  LEU*     4.0    18.6    -      -       +      -
    120H  LEU*     4.0    16.8    -      -       +      -
    126H  ILE*     4.8     6.2    -      -       +      +
    132H  VAL*     3.9    12.8    -      -       +      -
    167H  TYR*     4.2    12.8    -      -       +      -
    169L  SER*     3.5    35.5    -      -       -      +
    170L  ALA*     3.7     3.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 49 (chain H). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     45H  SER*     3.0    30.7    +      -       -      +
     46H  SER*     4.2     4.7    -      -       -      +
     47H  ALA      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
     48H  VAL*     1.3    77.4    -      -       -      +
     50H  LYS*     1.3    70.1    +      -       -      +
     51H  ALA      3.5     1.1    -      -       -      -
    167H  TYR*     3.6    10.4    +      -       -      +
    168H  GLY      2.9    31.3    +      -       -      +
    169H  SER      3.9     0.2    +      -       -      -
    170H  ALA*     3.2    23.4    +      -       -      +
    171H  THR*     3.0    28.4    +      -       -      +
     49L  ARG*     3.7    27.4    -      -       +      +
    168L  GLY      3.2     4.8    +      -       -      -
    169L  SER*     2.6    40.5    +      -       -      +
    170L  ALA*     4.2     6.5    -      -       -      +
    171L  THR      5.0     1.2    +      -       -      -
    186L  LEU      3.7     2.3    -      -       -      +
    188L  PRO*     3.1    24.1    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il