Contacts of the helix formed by residues 48 - 70 (chain Z) in PDB entry 3SDI


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with PHE 48 (chain Z).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     951  ARG*     3.7    11.0    -      -       -      -
    1241  LEU*     3.7    19.7    -      -       +      -
    1261  VAL*     3.4    22.9    -      -       +      -
     -6Z  PRO      3.4    25.8    -      -       -      -
     -5Z  TYR*     4.0     9.2    -      +       -      -
     -4Z  GLY*     3.3    42.1    +      -       -      +
     -2Z  ASN*     3.8     4.5    -      -       -      -
     47Z  GLY*     1.3    68.5    -      -       -      +
     49Z  ALA*     1.3    65.9    +      -       -      +
     50Z  ALA*     3.5    19.5    -      -       +      -
     51Z  ASP*     3.0    31.6    +      -       +      +
     52Z  GLY      2.9    18.2    +      -       -      -
     96Z  TYR*     3.0    25.4    +      -       +      +
     97Z  VAL*     3.7     3.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 49 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    1261  VAL*     4.8     6.7    -      -       +      -
    1271  THR      5.4     4.7    -      -       -      +
     -2Z  ASN*     2.8    32.6    +      -       +      +
     20Z  ASN*     4.1    14.6    -      -       -      +
     47Z  GLY      3.3     5.0    +      -       -      +
     48Z  PHE*     1.3    71.6    -      -       -      +
     50Z  ALA*     1.3    54.8    +      -       -      +
     52Z  GLY*     3.7     3.5    -      -       -      +
     53Z  ASP*     2.9    41.2    +      -       -      +
     97Z  VAL*     5.7     0.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 50 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     921  TYR*     3.6    17.4    -      -       +      -
    1241  LEU      3.6    15.5    -      -       -      +
    1251  GLY      3.6    23.3    -      -       -      +
    1261  VAL*     3.8     8.1    -      -       +      +
    1271  THR      5.7     0.2    -      -       -      +
     48Z  PHE*     3.2    28.2    -      -       +      -
     49Z  ALA*     1.3    77.8    -      -       -      +
     51Z  ASP*     1.3    62.3    +      -       -      +
     53Z  ASP*     3.7     6.4    -      -       -      +
     54Z  ALA*     3.2    17.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 51 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     921  TYR*     2.7    28.5    +      -       -      -
     951  ARG*     2.8    17.7    +      -       -      -
     -5Z  TYR*     3.6     9.0    -      -       -      -
     48Z  PHE*     3.0    22.3    +      -       +      +
     50Z  ALA*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
     52Z  GLY*     1.3    64.2    +      -       -      +
     54Z  ALA*     3.2     4.5    +      -       -      +
     55Z  LEU*     3.1    20.5    +      -       -      +
     90Z  LYS*     5.6     0.2    -      -       -      -
     94Z  PRO      3.2     7.2    -      -       -      +
     95Z  TYR*     3.0    26.0    -      -       +      -
     96Z  TYR      2.8    30.8    +      -       -      +
     97Z  VAL*     4.3     2.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 52 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     45Z  ALA*     3.5    30.0    -      -       -      +
     48Z  PHE      2.9    11.8    +      -       -      -
     49Z  ALA*     3.3     4.0    +      -       -      -
     51Z  ASP*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
     53Z  ASP*     1.3    58.0    +      -       -      +
     55Z  LEU*     3.4     2.6    +      -       -      +
     56Z  VAL*     3.0    35.6    +      -       -      +
     97Z  VAL*     3.6     8.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 53 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    1191  ARG*     4.7     4.9    +      -       -      -
    1251  GLY      5.7     0.2    -      -       -      +
    1271  THR*     3.7    23.6    +      -       -      +
     31Z  GLU*     5.6     0.3    -      -       -      +
     35Z  PHE*     4.8    15.3    -      -       -      -
     49Z  ALA*     2.9    25.3    +      -       -      +
     50Z  ALA*     3.7     7.1    -      -       -      +
     52Z  GLY*     1.3    74.4    -      -       -      +
     54Z  ALA*     1.3    60.6    +      -       -      +
     56Z  VAL*     3.9     4.3    -      -       -      +
     57Z  LYS*     2.9    37.7    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 54 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     921  TYR*     3.5    36.1    -      -       +      +
     50Z  ALA      3.2     6.7    +      -       -      +
     51Z  ASP      3.2     8.9    +      -       -      +
     53Z  ASP*     1.3    78.7    -      -       -      +
     55Z  LEU*     1.3    58.7    +      -       -      +
     57Z  LYS*     3.3     8.5    -      -       -      +
     58Z  ARG*     2.8    36.0    +      -       +      +
     95Z  TYR*     3.9    11.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 55 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     43Z  MET*     4.0    17.5    -      -       +      -
     45Z  ALA*     3.9    13.7    -      -       +      -
     51Z  ASP      3.1    15.1    +      -       -      +
     52Z  GLY*     3.7     4.3    -      -       -      +
     53Z  ASP      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     54Z  ALA*     1.3    73.2    -      -       -      +
     56Z  VAL*     1.3    60.2    +      -       -      +
     58Z  ARG*     3.1     7.2    +      -       +      +
     59Z  PHE*     2.8    29.3    +      -       -      +
     83Z  ILE*     5.1     1.6    -      -       +      +
     86Z  LEU*     3.9    28.5    -      -       +      -
     87Z  LEU*     3.9    19.3    -      -       +      -
     95Z  TYR*     3.9    32.4    -      -       +      +
     97Z  VAL*     4.2     5.2    -      -       +      -
     99Z  THR*     3.5    25.8    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 56 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     35Z  PHE*     3.7    44.2    -      -       +      -
     37Z  CYS*     4.8     4.9    -      -       -      -
     43Z  MET*     4.1    25.1    -      -       +      -
     45Z  ALA*     4.3    16.6    -      -       +      +
     52Z  GLY      3.0    22.4    +      -       -      +
     53Z  ASP*     4.0     4.3    -      -       -      +
     55Z  LEU*     1.3    74.6    -      -       -      +
     57Z  LYS*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
     59Z  PHE*     3.1     2.9    +      -       -      +
     60Z  LYS*     2.9    48.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 57 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     851  GLU*     2.9    24.8    +      -       -      -
     891  THR*     5.0     3.6    +      -       -      -
    100S  SER      4.8     1.2    +      -       -      -
    101S  LEU*     2.8    55.4    +      -       +      +
     53Z  ASP*     2.9    25.7    +      -       +      +
     54Z  ALA*     3.3     9.0    -      -       -      +
     56Z  VAL*     1.3    73.5    -      -       -      +
     58Z  ARG*     1.3    59.6    +      -       +      +
     60Z  LYS*     3.4     8.2    +      -       +      +
     61Z  ASN*     3.0    30.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 58 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     54Z  ALA*     2.8    22.9    +      -       +      +
     55Z  LEU*     3.1     6.7    +      -       -      +
     57Z  LYS*     1.3    76.6    -      -       +      +
     59Z  PHE*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
     61Z  ASN*     3.8     6.6    -      -       -      +
     62Z  SER*     3.0    24.8    +      -       -      -
     86Z  LEU*     3.6    54.7    +      -       +      +
     90Z  LYS*     5.1     3.8    -      -       -      +
     95Z  TYR*     3.1    32.0    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 59 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     37Z  CYS*     3.8    30.3    -      -       +      -
     41Z  ILE*     4.2    14.1    -      -       +      -
     43Z  MET*     3.6    31.4    -      -       +      -
     55Z  LEU      2.8    15.6    +      -       -      +
     56Z  VAL      3.7     3.1    -      -       -      +
     58Z  ARG*     1.3    76.0    -      -       -      +
     60Z  LYS*     1.3    65.4    +      -       -      +
     61Z  ASN      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
     62Z  SER*     3.0     6.5    +      -       -      -
     63Z  VAL*     3.0    37.9    +      -       +      +
     74Z  LEU*     4.1     8.5    -      -       +      -
     79Z  ALA*     3.7    31.4    -      -       +      -
     82Z  ASN*     3.9    19.7    -      -       -      -
     83Z  ILE*     3.7    26.7    -      -       +      -
     86Z  LEU*     4.0     8.3    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 60 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     35Z  PHE*     4.2    27.4    -      -       -      +
     36Z  ASP      3.5    24.6    +      -       -      -
     37Z  CYS*     4.0    22.3    -      -       +      +
     56Z  VAL*     2.9    27.9    +      -       +      +
     57Z  LYS*     3.8     7.6    -      -       +      +
     59Z  PHE*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
     61Z  ASN*     1.3    60.9    -      -       -      +
     63Z  VAL*     3.3    10.0    +      -       -      +
     64Z  LYS*     3.2    20.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 61 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     97S  ASN*     2.8    44.7    +      -       -      +
    101S  LEU*     4.0    23.2    -      -       +      +
     57Z  LYS      3.0    17.2    +      -       -      +
     58Z  ARG*     3.8     7.4    -      -       -      +
     60Z  LYS*     1.3    75.3    -      -       -      +
     62Z  SER*     1.3    65.3    +      -       -      +
     64Z  LYS*     3.2    11.9    +      -       -      +
     65Z  TRP*     3.1    40.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 62 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    103R  TYR*     4.7     8.8    +      -       -      -
     58Z  ARG      3.0    17.9    +      -       -      -
     59Z  PHE*     3.1    15.5    -      -       -      -
     61Z  ASN*     1.3    76.2    -      -       -      +
     63Z  VAL*     1.3    56.8    +      -       -      +
     65Z  TRP*     3.3     5.7    +      -       -      +
     66Z  TYR*     2.8    29.5    +      -       -      +
     74Z  LEU*     5.8     1.3    -      -       -      -
     82Z  ASN*     2.6    34.4    +      -       -      -
     86Z  LEU*     5.1     5.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 63 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     37Z  CYS      3.9    21.1    -      -       -      +
     38Z  GLY*     4.9     2.2    -      -       -      -
     39Z  ASP*     4.4    12.1    -      -       +      +
     41Z  ILE*     5.3     3.1    -      -       +      -
     59Z  PHE*     3.0    45.4    +      -       +      +
     60Z  LYS*     3.4     8.7    -      -       -      +
     61Z  ASN      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
     62Z  SER*     1.3    73.6    -      -       -      +
     64Z  LYS*     1.3    65.2    +      -       -      +
     66Z  TYR*     3.2     9.6    +      -       -      +
     67Z  HIS*     3.2    44.3    +      -       +      +
     74Z  LEU*     3.8    14.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 64 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     70S  CYS      5.6     0.2    +      -       -      -
     71S  ASP*     3.1    33.4    +      -       -      +
     72S  GLU*     5.5     8.5    -      -       -      -
     96S  CYS*     5.8     0.2    -      -       -      +
     97S  ASN*     3.7    32.9    -      -       +      +
    100S  SER*     4.6    10.7    +      -       -      -
     60Z  LYS      3.2     9.8    +      -       -      +
     61Z  ASN*     3.2    13.4    +      -       -      +
     63Z  VAL*     1.3    79.3    -      -       -      +
     65Z  TRP*     1.3    63.5    +      -       +      +
     67Z  HIS*     3.1    21.1    +      -       -      +
     68Z  PHE*     3.1    42.0    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 65 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     90S  ASN*     4.3    21.5    -      -       -      -
     93S  ARG*     3.7    33.9    -      -       +      -
     94S  GLN*     4.2    28.5    -      -       +      -
     97S  ASN*     3.4    23.6    +      -       +      +
     61Z  ASN*     3.1    39.2    +      -       -      +
     62Z  SER*     3.9     5.4    -      -       -      +
     64Z  LYS*     1.3    78.7    -      -       +      +
     66Z  TYR*     1.3    61.5    +      -       -      +
     68Z  PHE*     3.6    20.1    -      +       +      +
     69Z  ASP*     2.8    60.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 66 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     99R  HIS*     4.4     2.9    -      +       -      -
    103R  TYR*     3.6    34.1    +      +       +      +
    105R  GLU*     2.3    40.2    +      -       -      -
     62Z  SER      2.8    15.5    +      -       -      +
     63Z  VAL*     3.2    12.8    +      -       -      +
     65Z  TRP*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
     67Z  HIS*     1.3    58.0    +      -       -      +
     70Z  HIS*     3.0    53.9    +      -       +      +
     72Z  LYS*     3.4    47.8    +      -       +      +
     73Z  LYS      4.1     1.4    +      -       -      -
     74Z  LEU*     3.7    42.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 67 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     69S  LYS*     6.1     3.6    -      -       -      +
     38Z  GLY*     6.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
     39Z  ASP*     2.9    41.9    +      -       -      -
     63Z  VAL*     3.2    25.6    +      -       +      +
     64Z  LYS*     3.1    11.3    +      -       -      +
     66Z  TYR*     1.3    76.3    -      +       -      +
     68Z  PHE*     1.3    69.0    +      -       +      +
     70Z  ASN*     3.4     5.0    +      -       -      -
     71Z  ASP*     2.9    54.3    +      -       -      +
     72Z  LYS      3.0    21.9    +      -       -      -
     74Z  LEU      4.6     0.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 68 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     69S  LYS*     4.1    31.0    -      -       +      -
     70S  CYS      3.7    22.4    -      -       -      -
     71S  ASP*     4.5     2.0    -      -       -      -
     86S  ARG*     5.9     0.7    +      -       -      -
     93S  ARG*     3.5    64.8    +      -       +      +
     97S  ASN*     6.5     0.7    -      -       +      -
     64Z  LYS*     3.1    39.0    +      -       +      -
     65Z  TRP*     3.6    35.0    -      +       +      +
     67Z  HIS*     1.3    83.6    -      -       +      +
     69Z  ASP*     1.3    66.4    +      -       -      +
     70Z  ASN*     4.3     3.3    +      -       -      -
     71Z  ASP*     5.7     1.3    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 69 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    110R  GLU*     5.2     3.3    -      -       -      +
    111R  SER*     3.2    18.0    +      -       -      -
    114R  GLN*     6.1     1.0    -      -       -      +
     86S  ARG*     5.4     9.6    +      -       -      +
     90S  ASN*     5.3     2.9    +      -       -      -
     93S  ARG*     4.9     3.1    +      -       -      -
     65Z  TRP*     2.8    46.0    +      -       -      +
     66Z  TYR*     4.9     0.2    -      -       -      -
     68Z  PHE*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
     70Z  HIS*     1.3    82.2    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 70 (chain Z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     99R  HIS*     3.1    38.8    +      +       -      -
    103R  TYR*     4.8     7.4    -      +       -      -
    107R  ILE*     4.6     4.6    -      -       +      +
    108R  ASN*     3.9    18.3    -      -       +      +
    110R  GLU*     5.8     0.2    -      -       -      -
    111R  SER*     3.1    35.5    +      -       -      +
     66Z  TYR*     3.0    38.5    +      +       +      +
     67Z  HIS      3.9     0.2    -      -       -      -
     68Z  PHE      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
     69Z  ASP*     1.3    98.4    +      -       +      +
     70Z  ASN*     1.3    70.8    +      -       -      +
     71Z  ASP      3.3     2.0    -      -       -      -
     72Z  LYS*     3.1    25.1    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il