Contacts of the helix formed by residues 158 - 183 (chain C) in PDB entry 3VJR


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with PRO 158 (chain C).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     23C  ARG*     3.5    18.2    -      -       -      +
    156C  LYS      3.6     3.3    -      -       -      +
    157C  PRO*     1.3    82.8    -      -       +      +
    159C  VAL*     1.3    68.7    +      -       +      +
    160C  SER*     3.2     9.2    -      -       -      +
    161C  GLU*     2.9    39.2    +      -       +      +
    162C  GLN      3.0     9.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 159 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    157C  PRO      3.7     1.4    +      -       -      -
    158C  PRO*     1.3    70.1    -      -       +      +
    160C  SER*     1.3    64.2    +      -       -      +
    162C  GLN*     3.1    17.1    +      -       -      +
    163C  LYS*     2.9    53.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 160 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    158C  PRO*     3.2     7.7    +      -       -      +
    159C  VAL*     1.3    77.9    -      -       -      +
    161C  GLU*     1.3    68.6    +      -       -      +
    163C  LYS*     3.8     9.4    +      -       -      +
    164C  LEU*     3.4    27.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 161 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     23C  ARG*     2.9    31.0    +      -       -      -
    103C  PRO*     3.9    25.5    -      -       +      +
    140C  ILE      4.4     7.4    -      -       -      +
    152C  PHE*     4.7     2.4    -      -       -      -
    157C  PRO*     4.2     6.5    -      -       +      -
    158C  PRO*     2.9    29.7    +      -       +      +
    160C  SER*     1.3    79.3    +      -       -      +
    162C  GLN*     1.3    66.6    +      -       -      +
    163C  LYS      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    164C  LEU*     3.1     6.7    +      -       +      +
    165C  ILE*     2.9    29.1    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 162 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     29C  TRP*     4.2    15.5    -      -       +      -
    157C  PRO*     4.0    21.8    -      -       +      +
    158C  PRO      3.0    10.1    +      -       -      +
    159C  VAL*     3.5    23.2    -      -       -      +
    161C  GLU*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
    163C  LYS*     1.3    74.1    +      -       -      +
    165C  ILE*     3.2     8.3    +      -       -      +
    166C  ASP*     2.6    56.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 163 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    159C  VAL*     2.9    40.6    +      -       +      +
    160C  SER*     4.1     7.4    -      -       -      +
    161C  GLU      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    162C  GLN*     1.3    89.0    -      -       -      +
    164C  LEU*     1.3    58.5    +      -       +      +
    166C  ASP*     3.3     3.9    +      -       -      +
    167C  GLU*     3.0    39.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 164 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    103C  PRO*     3.7    31.2    -      -       +      +
    104C  GLY*     3.3    12.1    -      -       -      +
    160C  SER*     3.4    18.1    +      -       -      +
    161C  GLU*     3.1     8.8    +      -       +      +
    163C  LYS*     1.3    79.0    -      -       +      +
    165C  ILE*     1.3    63.5    +      -       -      +
    167C  GLU*     3.2    13.4    +      -       -      +
    168C  ALA      3.0    19.1    +      -       -      -
    196C  ALA*     3.8    31.6    -      -       +      +
    197C  GLN*     3.9    19.1    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 165 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     23C  ARG*     5.1     4.0    -      -       +      +
     26C  ALA*     4.6     6.1    -      -       +      -
     29C  TRP*     3.9    17.3    -      -       +      -
    103C  PRO*     4.1     8.5    -      -       +      -
    104C  GLY      4.2     4.5    -      -       -      +
    138C  ILE*     4.0    12.6    -      -       +      -
    139C  GLY      3.6    16.8    -      -       -      +
    140C  ILE*     4.0    23.6    -      -       +      +
    157C  PRO*     4.4    22.0    -      -       +      -
    161C  GLU*     2.9    26.1    +      -       +      +
    162C  GLN*     3.6     7.0    -      -       -      +
    164C  LEU*     1.3    76.0    -      -       -      +
    166C  ASP*     1.3    57.1    +      -       -      +
    168C  ALA*     3.3     4.4    +      -       -      +
    169C  ILE*     2.9    48.3    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 166 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     29C  TRP*     4.0    21.0    -      -       -      +
     33C  LEU*     5.4     2.6    -      -       -      +
    162C  GLN*     2.6    46.3    +      -       -      +
    163C  LYS*     3.8     4.3    -      -       -      +
    165C  ILE*     1.3    75.2    -      -       -      +
    167C  GLU*     1.3    58.8    +      -       -      +
    169C  ILE*     3.9    11.9    -      -       -      +
    170C  ASP*     3.0    28.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 167 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    163C  LYS*     3.0    23.2    +      -       -      +
    164C  LEU*     3.6    15.3    -      -       -      +
    166C  ASP*     1.3    73.2    -      -       +      +
    168C  ALA*     1.3    66.9    +      -       -      +
    170C  ASP*     3.3     9.9    +      -       +      +
    171C  GLU*     3.0    23.2    +      -       -      +
    194C  PHE*     3.7    11.2    -      -       +      -
    196C  ALA*     3.8    25.0    -      -       +      +
    197C  GLN      4.8     6.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 168 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    104C  GLY*     3.6    31.4    -      -       -      +
    105C  VAL      3.8    16.4    -      -       -      +
    106C  ALA*     4.3     7.6    -      -       +      +
    138C  ILE*     5.2     4.5    -      -       +      -
    164C  LEU      3.0     8.8    +      -       -      +
    165C  ILE*     3.6     8.1    -      -       -      +
    167C  GLU*     1.3    75.8    -      -       -      +
    169C  ILE*     1.3    52.4    +      -       -      +
    171C  GLU*     3.2     2.9    +      -       -      +
    172C  ALA*     2.7    37.3    +      -       -      +
    191C  LEU*     4.7     0.9    -      -       -      +
    194C  PHE*     3.6    12.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 169 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     26C  ALA      3.8    21.8    -      -       -      +
     29C  TRP*     3.8    18.2    -      -       +      +
     30C  PHE*     3.8    23.6    -      -       +      +
     33C  LEU*     3.8    21.1    -      -       +      -
    138C  ILE*     4.0    26.7    -      -       +      -
    165C  ILE*     2.9    38.0    +      -       +      +
    166C  ASP*     3.9    11.9    -      -       -      +
    167C  GLU      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    168C  ALA*     1.3    72.7    -      -       -      +
    170C  ASP*     1.3    58.2    -      -       -      +
    172C  ALA*     3.6     6.7    -      -       -      +
    173C  ALA*     2.8    33.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 170 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     33C  LEU*     3.8    17.4    -      -       +      +
     37C  ARG*     4.5     5.0    +      -       -      -
    166C  ASP      3.0    19.1    +      -       -      +
    167C  GLU*     3.4    11.5    -      -       -      +
    169C  ILE*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
    171C  GLU*     1.3    61.8    +      -       -      +
    173C  ALA*     3.5     2.9    +      -       -      +
    174C  ARG*     3.1    49.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 171 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    167C  GLU      3.0    15.5    +      -       -      +
    168C  ALA      3.7     3.4    -      -       -      +
    170C  ASP*     1.3    73.6    -      -       -      +
    172C  ALA*     1.3    60.4    +      -       -      +
    174C  ARG*     3.3     9.9    +      -       -      +
    175C  CYS*     2.9    43.4    +      -       -      -
    190C  ARG*     2.7    50.4    +      -       -      +
    191C  LEU*     4.3     8.1    -      -       +      -
    194C  PHE*     3.5    50.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 172 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     30C  PHE*     3.7     3.4    -      -       +      -
    106C  ALA*     4.4     4.0    -      -       +      -
    108C  PHE*     4.7     0.7    -      -       -      -
    136C  LEU*     3.8    37.5    -      -       +      -
    138C  ILE*     5.7     0.4    -      -       +      -
    168C  ALA      2.7    21.0    +      -       -      +
    169C  ILE*     3.7     7.9    -      -       +      +
    171C  GLU*     1.3    71.1    -      -       -      +
    173C  ALA*     1.3    55.5    +      -       -      +
    175C  CYS*     3.2     3.0    +      -       -      +
    176C  THR*     2.8    38.5    +      -       -      -
    191C  LEU*     3.8    15.8    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 173 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     30C  PHE*     3.4    18.7    -      -       +      -
     33C  LEU*     4.1    10.3    -      -       +      -
     34C  LEU*     4.1    13.5    -      -       +      +
     37C  ARG*     3.8    23.6    -      -       -      -
    169C  ILE      2.8    20.3    +      -       -      +
    170C  ASP      3.6     6.3    -      -       -      +
    172C  ALA*     1.3    72.0    -      -       -      +
    174C  ARG*     1.3    61.9    +      -       -      +
    176C  THR*     3.2     4.2    +      -       -      -
    177C  GLU*     3.1    29.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 174 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     37C  ARG*     3.4    38.0    -      -       -      +
    170C  ASP*     3.1    40.1    +      -       -      +
    171C  GLU*     3.3    15.9    +      -       -      +
    173C  ALA*     1.3    76.3    -      -       -      +
    175C  CYS*     1.3    58.7    +      -       -      +
    177C  GLU*     3.4    10.8    +      -       -      +
    178C  MET*     3.0    25.9    +      -       -      +
    190C  ARG*     4.3    21.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with CYS 175 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    108C  PHE*     4.3     8.0    -      -       +      -
    171C  GLU*     2.9    37.2    +      -       -      +
    172C  ALA*     3.8     4.7    -      -       -      +
    174C  ARG*     1.3    73.8    -      -       -      +
    176C  THR*     1.3    60.2    +      -       -      +
    178C  MET*     3.2     6.8    +      -       -      -
    179C  TRP*     2.9    24.3    +      -       -      +
    187C  ALA*     3.2    24.6    -      -       -      +
    190C  ARG*     3.8    15.0    -      -       -      -
    191C  LEU*     3.7    39.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 176 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      9C  ILE*     4.2    24.7    -      -       +      -
     30C  PHE*     3.4    21.8    -      -       +      -
     34C  LEU*     4.4     8.3    -      -       +      -
     57C  LEU*     5.7     1.3    -      -       +      -
     93C  LEU*     4.3    14.0    -      -       +      +
    108C  PHE*     3.9    17.6    -      -       -      -
    136C  LEU*     4.8     0.5    -      -       -      +
    172C  ALA      2.8    22.5    +      -       -      -
    173C  ALA      3.5     5.4    -      -       -      -
    175C  CYS*     1.3    74.5    -      -       -      +
    177C  GLU*     1.3    64.0    +      -       +      +
    179C  TRP*     3.2    22.6    -      -       +      +
    180C  PHE*     3.2    22.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 177 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     34C  LEU*     4.4     8.2    -      -       +      +
     37C  ARG*     2.8    48.6    +      -       -      +
     38C  LEU*     4.0    26.6    -      -       +      +
     57C  LEU*     4.9    10.7    -      -       +      +
    173C  ALA      3.1    15.5    +      -       -      +
    174C  ARG*     3.6     7.9    -      -       -      +
    175C  CYS      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    176C  THR*     1.3    74.8    -      -       +      +
    178C  MET*     1.3    63.4    +      -       -      +
    180C  PHE*     3.1    20.4    +      -       -      +
    181C  THR*     3.3    17.5    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 178 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    174C  ARG      3.0    14.1    +      -       -      +
    175C  CYS*     3.2    10.5    +      -       -      +
    177C  GLU*     1.3    76.4    -      -       -      +
    179C  TRP*     1.3    56.0    +      -       -      +
    181C  THR*     4.0     6.5    -      -       -      -
    182C  ASP*     2.8    52.2    +      -       +      +
    183C  GLY      3.4     2.8    +      -       -      +
    186C  LYS*     3.8    46.4    -      -       +      +
    187C  ALA*     4.2     8.5    -      -       +      -
    190C  ARG*     3.7    31.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 179 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      5C  THR      4.9    10.8    -      -       -      +
      6C  ILE*     3.5    30.1    -      -       +      +
     93C  LEU*     3.9    21.3    -      -       +      -
    108C  PHE*     3.9    35.9    -      +       +      -
    134C  HIS*     3.6    39.9    -      +       +      -
    175C  CYS      2.9    11.2    +      -       -      +
    176C  THR*     3.2    17.3    -      -       +      +
    178C  MET*     1.3    76.3    -      -       -      +
    180C  PHE*     1.3    65.6    +      +       +      +
    183C  GLY*     3.0    22.7    +      -       -      -
    184C  LEU*     3.7    45.7    -      -       +      +
    187C  ALA*     3.6    11.6    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 180 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      5C  THR*     5.7     0.7    -      -       -      -
      6C  ILE*     3.4    53.4    -      -       +      -
      9C  ILE*     4.3     4.0    -      -       +      -
     57C  LEU*     3.6    42.4    -      -       +      -
     58C  GLY*     3.8    26.0    -      -       -      +
     60C  GLU*     6.3     0.4    -      -       +      -
     62C  VAL*     3.7    20.4    -      -       +      -
     93C  LEU*     6.1     0.2    -      -       +      -
    176C  THR*     3.2    36.8    -      -       +      -
    177C  GLU      3.1     8.3    +      -       -      +
    179C  TRP*     1.3    89.7    -      +       +      +
    181C  THR*     1.3    61.2    +      -       +      +
    183C  GLY      5.0     0.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 181 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     58C  GLY*     4.9    11.0    -      -       -      +
    177C  GLU*     3.3    13.1    +      -       +      +
    178C  MET*     3.2     7.3    +      -       -      -
    180C  PHE*     1.3    82.5    -      -       +      +
    182C  ASP*     1.3    82.6    +      -       -      +
    183C  GLY      3.9     0.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 182 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    178C  MET*     2.8    33.6    +      -       +      +
    181C  THR*     1.3    98.4    +      -       -      +
    183C  GLY*     1.3    63.9    +      -       -      +
    186C  LYS*     4.0    39.1    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 183 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    178C  MET      3.4     1.1    +      -       -      +
    179C  TRP*     3.0    23.1    +      -       -      -
    180C  PHE      4.6     0.4    -      -       -      -
    181C  THR      3.9     0.4    -      -       -      -
    182C  ASP*     1.3    81.2    -      -       -      +
    184C  LEU*     1.3    64.6    +      -       -      -
    185C  THR*     3.3     3.5    +      -       -      -
    186C  LYS*     3.4     1.8    +      -       -      +
    187C  ALA*     3.1    20.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il