Contacts of the helix formed by residues 38 - 63 (chain D) in PDB entry 4BPU


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with SER 38 (chain D).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     37D  ILE*     1.3    76.8    -      -       -      +
     39D  LEU*     1.3    59.3    +      -       -      +
     40D  ILE*     3.6     8.4    +      -       -      +
     41D  GLU*     3.2    26.1    +      -       -      +
     42D  PHE*     2.8    28.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 39 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     57A  TYR*     3.8    19.7    -      -       +      +
     91A  HIS*     3.8    27.1    -      -       +      -
     92A  ASN*     5.9     0.6    +      -       -      +
     96A  LEU*     6.5     0.4    -      -       +      -
     38D  SER*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
     40D  ILE*     1.3    60.9    +      -       +      +
     42D  PHE*     3.3    19.1    -      -       +      +
     43D  GLU*     2.9    45.0    +      -       +      +
    245D  ARG*     3.8    51.1    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 40 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     38D  SER*     3.2     8.2    -      -       -      +
     39D  LEU*     1.3    76.8    -      -       +      +
     41D  GLU*     1.3    60.4    +      -       -      +
     43D  GLU*     3.3    15.4    -      -       -      +
     44D  ASN*     2.9    47.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 41 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     36D  ASN      4.6     1.0    -      -       -      +
     37D  ILE*     3.3    32.7    -      -       +      +
     38D  SER*     3.2    19.0    +      -       -      +
     40D  ILE*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
     42D  PHE*     1.3    57.5    +      -       -      +
     44D  ASN*     3.7     4.8    -      -       +      +
     45D  LEU*     2.8    53.1    +      -       +      +
     97D  ARG*     2.5    40.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 42 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     96A  LEU*     6.3     3.1    -      -       +      -
     37D  ILE*     3.8    18.7    -      -       +      +
     38D  SER      2.8    18.4    +      -       -      +
     39D  LEU*     3.3    23.3    -      -       +      +
     41D  GLU*     1.3    77.1    -      -       -      +
     43D  GLU*     1.3    69.5    +      -       +      +
     45D  LEU*     3.6     2.1    -      -       -      +
     46D  ALA*     3.0    25.4    +      -       +      +
    105D  ILE*     3.4    48.7    -      -       +      +
    108D  LEU*     4.5     9.0    -      -       +      -
    245D  ARG      4.8     5.8    -      -       -      -
    246D  LEU*     3.5    33.2    -      -       +      -
    249D  LEU*     3.8    15.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 43 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     39D  LEU*     2.9    37.7    +      -       +      +
     40D  ILE*     3.3    23.3    -      -       -      +
     42D  PHE*     1.3    84.1    -      -       +      +
     44D  ASN*     1.3    63.2    +      -       -      +
     46D  ALA*     3.3     5.0    +      -       -      +
     47D  ILE*     2.9    45.2    +      -       +      +
    245D  ARG      5.5     1.6    -      -       -      +
    248D  PRO*     5.7     8.7    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 44 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     40D  ILE*     2.9    34.3    +      -       -      +
     41D  GLU*     3.7     5.6    -      -       -      +
     43D  GLU*     1.3    83.5    -      -       -      +
     45D  LEU*     1.3    58.3    +      -       -      +
     47D  ILE*     3.4    11.4    +      -       -      +
     48D  ASP*     2.9    41.3    +      -       -      +
     98D  ARG*     6.1     1.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 45 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     37D  ILE*     5.4     0.9    -      -       +      -
     41D  GLU*     2.8    43.4    +      -       +      +
     42D  PHE      3.6     3.8    -      -       -      +
     44D  ASN*     1.3    70.3    -      -       -      +
     46D  ALA*     1.3    66.4    +      -       -      +
     48D  ASP*     3.3     3.8    +      -       -      +
     49D  ARG*     3.0    24.3    +      -       -      +
     83D  PHE*     4.6     0.9    -      -       +      -
     98D  ARG*     3.5    64.6    -      -       +      +
    101D  ILE*     3.6    38.4    -      -       +      -
    102D  SER*     3.8    13.1    -      -       -      -
    105D  ILE*     4.3     6.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 46 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     42D  PHE*     3.0    17.3    +      -       +      +
     43D  GLU*     3.7     7.4    -      -       -      +
     45D  LEU*     1.3    77.1    -      -       -      +
     47D  ILE*     1.3    63.2    +      -       +      +
     49D  ARG*     3.2     2.0    +      -       -      -
     50D  VAL*     2.9    30.3    +      -       +      +
    102D  SER      5.2     0.9    -      -       -      -
    105D  ILE*     3.7    24.6    -      -       +      +
    106D  LEU*     3.7    18.8    -      -       +      +
    249D  LEU*     4.1    13.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 47 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     43D  GLU*     2.9    33.4    +      -       +      +
     44D  ASN*     3.7    12.3    -      -       -      +
     46D  ALA*     1.3    75.4    -      -       +      +
     48D  ASP*     1.3    67.0    +      -       -      +
     50D  VAL*     3.3     8.7    +      -       -      +
     51D  LYS*     3.0    39.3    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 48 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     44D  ASN*     2.9    27.6    +      -       -      +
     45D  LEU      3.6     6.1    -      -       -      +
     47D  ILE*     1.3    80.1    -      -       -      +
     49D  ARG*     1.3    62.9    +      -       -      +
     51D  LYS*     3.1    14.7    +      -       -      +
     52D  LEU      3.0    17.3    +      -       -      -
     81D  LEU*     3.7    26.8    -      -       +      +
     82D  LYS*     4.4    10.8    +      -       -      -
     83D  PHE*     4.1     8.5    -      -       +      -
     98D  ARG*     3.4    35.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 49 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     29D  TYR*     3.0    26.7    +      -       -      -
     45D  LEU      3.0    16.8    +      -       -      +
     46D  ALA      3.9     0.9    -      -       -      +
     48D  ASP*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
     50D  VAL*     1.3    57.2    +      -       -      +
     52D  LEU*     3.1     6.8    +      -       +      +
     53D  LEU*     2.9    34.6    +      -       +      +
     83D  PHE*     3.9    16.3    -      -       +      -
     99D  ASP*     2.8    29.3    +      -       -      +
    102D  SER*     2.7    54.6    +      -       -      +
    103D  HIS*     3.6     7.7    -      -       -      +
    106D  LEU*     3.8    19.5    -      -       +      -
    124D  GLU*     2.5    34.5    +      -       -      -
    127D  LEU*     3.9    13.7    -      -       -      +
    131D  ARG*     4.6     1.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 50 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     46D  ALA*     2.9    23.4    +      -       +      +
     47D  ILE*     3.5     7.9    -      -       -      +
     49D  ARG*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
     51D  LYS*     1.3    65.2    +      -       +      +
     53D  LEU*     3.3     3.7    +      -       -      +
     54D  LYS*     3.0    44.0    +      -       +      +
    106D  LEU*     3.6    27.1    -      -       +      -
    110D  TYR*     4.1    21.5    -      -       +      +
    119D  TRP*     5.0     0.2    -      -       -      -
    249D  LEU*     5.6     2.9    -      -       +      -
    252D  HIS      5.4     8.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 51 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     47D  ILE*     3.0    31.0    +      -       +      +
     48D  ASP*     3.3    14.5    +      -       -      +
     50D  VAL*     1.3    76.6    -      -       +      +
     52D  LEU*     1.3    66.4    +      -       -      +
     54D  LYS*     3.2     5.4    +      -       -      +
     55D  SER*     2.9    27.7    +      -       -      +
     81D  LEU*     3.8    26.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 52 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     48D  ASP      3.0     8.7    +      -       -      +
     49D  ARG*     3.1    19.0    +      -       +      +
     51D  LYS*     1.3    76.8    -      -       -      +
     53D  LEU*     1.3    64.5    +      -       +      +
     55D  SER*     2.9     9.9    +      -       -      -
     56D  VAL*     2.8    42.5    +      -       +      +
     74D  LEU*     4.6     4.7    -      -       +      -
     77D  GLU*     4.9     1.3    -      -       +      -
     78D  LEU*     3.6    45.3    -      -       +      +
     81D  LEU*     3.5    22.5    -      -       +      +
     83D  PHE*     3.6    20.4    -      -       +      -
    127D  LEU*     4.1    18.4    -      -       +      -
    131D  ARG*     4.5     3.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 53 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     49D  ARG*     2.9    31.8    +      -       +      +
     50D  VAL*     3.9     2.9    -      -       -      +
     52D  LEU*     1.3    79.4    -      -       +      +
     54D  LYS*     1.3    57.9    +      -       -      +
     56D  VAL*     3.1     6.6    +      -       +      -
     57D  GLU      2.9    23.6    +      -       -      -
    106D  LEU*     3.7    13.5    -      -       +      -
    110D  TYR*     5.2     0.2    -      -       +      -
    119D  TRP*     3.7    23.3    -      -       +      -
    120D  PHE*     3.5    25.6    -      -       +      -
    123D  GLN*     3.2    31.5    -      -       +      +
    124D  GLU*     3.5    31.9    -      -       -      +
    127D  LEU*     4.5    10.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 54 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     50D  VAL*     3.0    34.5    +      -       +      +
     51D  LYS*     3.8     6.3    -      -       -      +
     53D  LEU*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
     55D  SER*     1.3    57.2    +      -       -      +
     57D  GLU*     3.3     8.3    +      -       -      +
     58D  ASN*     2.9    36.8    +      -       -      +
    110D  TYR*     5.0     4.0    -      -       -      -
    119D  TRP*     3.9    26.5    -      -       +      -
    252D  HIS      5.7     3.0    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 55 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     51D  LYS*     2.9    17.8    +      -       -      +
     52D  LEU*     3.2     9.9    -      -       -      -
     54D  LYS*     1.3    73.9    -      -       -      +
     56D  VAL*     1.3    66.2    +      -       -      +
     58D  ASN*     2.9    13.4    +      -       -      +
     59D  LEU*     2.9    33.7    +      -       -      +
     74D  LEU*     5.6     0.7    -      -       -      -
     77D  GLU*     3.2    40.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 56 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     52D  LEU*     2.8    29.9    +      -       +      +
     53D  LEU*     3.1    11.6    +      -       +      +
     55D  SER*     1.3    75.7    -      -       -      +
     57D  GLU*     1.3    62.3    +      -       -      +
     59D  LEU*     3.6     4.0    +      -       -      +
     60D  GLY*     3.3    17.7    +      -       -      -
     70D  TYR*     4.2     9.7    +      -       -      +
     74D  LEU*     3.7    26.5    -      -       +      -
    123D  GLN*     3.8    17.2    -      -       +      +
    126D  ASP*     3.5    35.2    -      -       +      +
    127D  LEU*     4.2    17.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 57 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     53D  LEU      2.9    11.3    +      -       -      +
     54D  LYS*     3.5    12.2    -      -       -      +
     55D  SER      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
     56D  VAL*     1.3    79.0    -      -       -      +
     58D  ASN*     1.3    63.8    +      -       -      +
     60D  GLY*     3.3     9.5    +      -       -      -
     61D  VAL*     3.5    21.8    +      -       +      +
    119D  TRP*     3.0    37.4    +      -       -      -
    122D  GLN*     5.4     3.7    +      -       -      +
    123D  GLN*     3.3    23.0    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 58 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     54D  LYS*     2.9    24.9    +      -       -      +
     55D  SER*     2.9    12.8    +      -       -      +
     57D  GLU*     1.3    80.9    -      -       -      +
     59D  LEU*     1.3    61.6    +      -       +      +
     60D  GLY      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
     61D  VAL*     3.3     7.3    +      -       -      +
     62D  SER*     2.9    33.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 59 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     55D  SER*     2.9    22.1    +      -       -      +
     56D  VAL*     4.2     3.1    -      -       -      +
     58D  ASN*     1.3    79.9    -      -       +      +
     60D  GLY*     1.3    57.6    +      -       -      +
     61D  VAL      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     62D  SER*     3.9     9.6    -      -       -      +
     63D  TYR*     3.2    32.8    +      -       +      +
     70D  TYR*     3.1    33.7    -      -       +      +
     73D  LYS*     4.0    19.1    -      -       +      +
     74D  LEU*     3.5    53.6    -      -       +      +
     77D  GLU*     5.4     2.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 60 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     56D  VAL      3.3    12.1    +      -       -      -
     57D  GLU*     3.3     4.9    +      -       -      -
     58D  ASN      3.1     1.4    -      -       -      -
     59D  LEU*     1.3    78.2    -      -       -      +
     61D  VAL*     1.3    61.8    +      -       -      +
     63D  TYR      3.3    13.0    -      -       -      +
     64D  VAL*     5.3     0.6    -      -       -      -
     65D  LYS*     5.1    11.6    +      -       -      -
     70D  TYR*     4.4     7.4    -      -       -      -
    126D  ASP*     5.1     2.9    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 61 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     57D  GLU*     3.5    21.5    -      -       +      +
     58D  ASN*     3.3     7.0    +      -       -      +
     60D  GLY*     1.3    79.6    -      -       -      +
     62D  SER*     1.3    66.6    +      -       -      +
     63D  TYR      4.2     0.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 62 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     58D  ASN*     2.9    20.9    +      -       -      +
     59D  LEU*     4.4     7.6    -      -       -      +
     61D  VAL*     1.3    81.9    -      -       -      +
     63D  TYR*     1.3    82.2    +      -       -      +
     64D  VAL*     5.5     0.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 63 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     59D  LEU*     3.2    24.3    +      -       +      +
     60D  GLY      3.3    21.1    -      -       -      +
     61D  VAL      4.2     1.0    -      -       -      +
     62D  SER*     1.3    96.3    -      -       -      +
     64D  VAL*     1.3    76.9    +      -       -      +
     67D  THR*     4.3     7.6    -      -       +      +
     69D  GLN*     3.6    43.3    +      -       +      +
     70D  TYR*     3.5    32.1    -      +       +      -
     73D  LYS*     4.1    23.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il