Contacts of the helix formed by residues 247 - 271 (chain C) in PDB entry 4COF


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with SER 247 (chain C).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    242B  ILE*     5.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
    246B  ALA*     3.4    35.4    -      -       -      +
    248B  ALA*     6.0     0.2    -      -       -      +
    249B  ALA*     4.0     6.8    +      -       -      +
    245C  ASP      3.0    12.2    +      -       -      -
    246C  ALA*     1.3    72.0    -      -       -      +
    248C  ALA*     1.4    65.8    +      -       -      +
    250C  ARG      3.8     0.3    -      -       -      -
    251C  VAL*     2.9    34.4    +      -       -      +
    299C  TYR*     3.1    22.1    -      -       -      -
    303C  ASN*     4.3     7.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 248 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    248B  ALA*     3.8    28.0    -      -       +      -
    249B  ALA*     4.1    12.9    -      -       -      +
    246C  ALA      3.5     0.4    -      -       -      -
    247C  SER*     1.4    79.1    +      -       -      +
    249C  ALA*     1.3    52.9    +      -       -      +
    251C  VAL*     3.2     1.6    +      -       -      +
    252C  ALA*     2.6    39.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 249 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    242C  ILE*     4.5    12.1    -      -       +      -
    246C  ALA*     3.6    22.1    +      -       +      +
    247C  SER      3.5     0.4    -      -       -      -
    248C  ALA*     1.3    75.8    -      -       -      +
    250C  ARG*     1.3    59.2    +      -       -      +
    252C  ALA*     3.3     7.4    +      -       -      +
    253C  LEU*     3.0    36.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 250 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    239C  SER*     2.9    42.8    +      -       -      +
    240C  PHE*     3.8     6.1    -      -       -      +
    242C  ILE*     2.8    42.1    +      -       +      -
    243C  ASN      3.6    11.0    -      -       -      -
    244C  TYR*     3.6    13.9    -      -       -      +
    246C  ALA      3.0    15.2    +      -       -      +
    249C  ALA*     1.3    74.7    -      -       -      +
    251C  VAL*     1.3    61.3    +      -       -      +
    253C  LEU*     3.4     6.2    +      -       +      +
    254C  GLY*     3.1    18.4    +      -       -      -
    296C  LEU*     4.5     2.4    -      -       -      +
    298C  GLU*     3.3    16.6    +      -       -      -
    299C  TYR*     3.3    38.8    -      -       +      +
    302C  VAL*     4.7     0.8    -      -       -      +
    424C  ASP*     2.7    41.0    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 251 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    242B  ILE*     3.9    22.4    -      -       +      -
    249B  ALA*     3.7    27.6    -      -       +      +
    252B  ALA*     5.2     0.7    -      -       +      -
    253B  LEU*     3.9    21.1    -      -       +      -
    247C  SER      2.9    24.1    +      -       -      +
    248C  ALA      4.0     0.9    -      -       -      +
    250C  ARG*     1.3    69.3    -      -       -      +
    252C  ALA*     1.4    54.4    +      -       -      +
    254C  GLY*     3.0     1.9    +      -       -      -
    255C  ILE*     2.7    56.0    +      -       +      +
    296C  LEU*     4.3    11.2    -      -       +      +
    299C  TYR*     3.9    15.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 252 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    252B  ALA*     6.1     3.6    -      -       +      +
    248C  ALA      2.6    23.0    +      -       -      +
    249C  ALA*     3.3     7.6    +      -       -      +
    251C  VAL*     1.4    71.9    -      -       -      +
    253C  LEU*     1.4    60.5    +      -       -      +
    255C  ILE*     4.0     8.1    -      -       -      +
    256C  THR*     3.0    32.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 253 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    235C  LEU*     3.5    48.2    -      -       +      +
    236C  SER*     5.4     2.7    -      -       -      +
    238C  VAL*     4.4    12.6    -      -       +      -
    239C  SER*     3.8    36.6    -      -       -      +
    242C  ILE*     5.1     7.4    -      -       +      -
    249C  ALA*     3.0    21.9    +      -       +      +
    250C  ARG*     3.8     7.4    -      -       +      +
    252C  ALA*     1.4    73.1    -      -       -      +
    254C  GLY*     1.3    58.3    +      -       -      +
    256C  THR*     3.8     4.0    -      -       +      -
    257C  THR*     2.9    38.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 254 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    239C  SER*     5.9     0.4    -      -       -      -
    250C  ARG      3.1     8.2    +      -       -      -
    251C  VAL      3.0     6.6    +      -       -      -
    253C  LEU*     1.3    74.9    -      -       -      +
    255C  ILE*     1.3    63.2    +      -       -      +
    257C  THR*     3.5     4.0    +      -       -      -
    258C  VAL*     3.2    32.3    +      -       -      +
    292C  VAL      5.5     0.4    -      -       -      -
    295C  ALA*     6.4     0.9    -      -       -      -
    296C  LEU*     3.7    32.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 255 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    235B  LEU*     5.0     4.7    -      -       +      -
    252B  ALA*     3.9    15.3    -      -       +      -
    253B  LEU*     3.8    39.9    -      -       +      +
    256B  THR*     3.3    35.2    -      -       +      +
    251C  VAL*     2.7    44.6    +      -       +      +
    252C  ALA*     4.0     5.6    -      -       -      +
    254C  GLY*     1.3    70.7    -      -       -      +
    256C  THR*     1.3    62.8    +      -       -      +
    258C  VAL*     3.4     2.9    +      -       -      +
    259C  LEU*     2.9    38.0    +      -       +      +
    296C  LEU*     4.9     4.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 256 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    232C  ILE*     6.3     0.4    -      -       +      -
    235C  LEU*     4.5    19.3    -      -       +      -
    252C  ALA*     3.0    20.9    +      -       -      +
    253C  LEU*     3.8     5.8    -      -       +      +
    255C  ILE*     1.3    79.2    -      -       -      +
    257C  THR*     1.3    52.9    +      -       -      +
    259C  LEU*     4.1     3.0    -      -       -      +
    260C  THR*     2.6    50.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 257 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    232C  ILE*     3.6    30.4    -      -       +      +
    235C  LEU*     3.8    22.9    -      -       +      +
    236C  SER*     3.7    32.3    -      -       -      +
    253C  LEU*     2.9    23.2    +      -       +      +
    254C  GLY*     3.5     6.8    +      -       -      -
    256C  THR*     1.3    73.4    -      -       +      +
    258C  VAL*     1.4    65.2    +      -       -      +
    260C  THR*     3.2     7.1    +      -       -      -
    261C  MET*     3.0    25.5    +      -       -      +
    292C  VAL*     3.9    12.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 258 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    232B  ILE*     5.9     1.8    -      -       +      -
    235B  LEU*     4.6    20.4    -      -       +      -
    254C  GLY      3.2    19.9    +      -       -      +
    255C  ILE*     3.9     3.4    -      -       -      +
    257C  THR*     1.4    81.0    +      -       -      +
    259C  LEU*     1.4    63.7    +      -       +      +
    261C  MET*     3.4     4.2    +      -       -      +
    262C  THR*     3.2    27.1    +      -       +      +
    289C  PHE*     3.9    20.2    -      -       +      -
    292C  VAL*     3.9    14.8    -      -       +      +
    293C  PHE*     3.8    44.4    -      -       +      +
    296C  LEU*     4.4     8.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 259 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    232B  ILE*     3.7    30.7    -      -       +      -
    235B  LEU*     4.1    15.9    -      -       +      -
    256B  THR*     3.4    28.5    -      -       +      +
    260B  THR*     3.9    17.7    -      -       +      +
    255C  ILE*     2.9    28.7    +      -       +      +
    256C  THR*     4.3     2.9    -      -       -      +
    258C  VAL*     1.4    68.5    -      -       +      +
    260C  THR*     1.4    66.7    +      -       +      +
    261C  MET      3.1     1.6    -      -       -      -
    262C  THR*     2.9    20.1    +      -       +      +
    263C  THR*     3.0    19.7    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 260 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    232C  ILE*     3.5    27.3    -      -       +      +
    256C  THR*     2.6    34.8    +      -       +      +
    257C  THR*     3.2     7.8    +      -       -      -
    259C  LEU*     1.4    74.7    -      -       +      +
    261C  MET*     1.3    54.3    +      -       -      +
    263C  THR*     3.3    13.9    +      -       +      +
    264C  ILE*     3.0    36.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 261 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    229C  SER*     3.5    31.9    -      -       -      +
    232C  ILE*     3.7    23.5    -      -       +      +
    233C  THR*     3.6    14.1    -      -       -      +
    257C  THR      3.0    18.8    +      -       -      +
    258C  VAL      3.4     5.8    -      -       -      +
    259C  LEU      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    260C  THR*     1.3    76.9    +      -       -      +
    262C  THR*     1.4    63.1    +      -       -      +
    264C  ILE*     3.3    26.3    +      -       -      +
    265C  ASN*     3.3    12.6    +      -       -      +
    285C  LEU*     4.2    11.2    -      -       -      +
    288C  CYS*     3.8    15.3    -      -       +      -
    289C  PHE*     3.8    29.8    -      -       +      +
    292C  VAL*     4.0    13.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 262 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    228B  PRO*     5.6     9.9    -      -       +      +
    231B  LEU*     5.3     5.6    -      -       +      -
    232B  ILE*     4.9    18.6    -      -       +      +
    258C  VAL*     3.2    20.3    +      -       +      +
    259C  LEU*     2.9    12.7    +      -       -      +
    261C  MET*     1.4    74.6    -      -       -      +
    263C  THR*     1.4    62.7    +      -       -      +
    265C  ASN*     3.2     7.2    +      -       -      +
    266C  THR*     2.9    36.6    +      -       -      +
    289C  PHE*     3.3    28.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 263 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    259C  LEU*     3.0    20.3    +      -       +      +
    260C  THR*     3.3    14.3    +      -       +      +
    262C  THR*     1.4    76.3    -      -       -      +
    264C  ILE*     1.4    60.6    +      -       -      +
    266C  THR*     3.4    10.0    +      -       -      +
    267C  HIS*     2.8    38.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 264 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    224C  GLN      5.9     0.7    -      -       -      +
    225C  THR*     3.8    15.9    -      -       +      +
    228C  PRO*     4.3    24.5    -      -       +      +
    229C  SER*     3.9     2.9    -      -       -      +
    232C  ILE*     4.1    24.0    -      -       +      -
    260C  THR*     3.0    21.1    +      -       -      +
    261C  MET*     3.3    21.3    +      -       -      +
    263C  THR*     1.4    75.8    +      -       -      +
    265C  ASN*     1.4    61.7    +      -       -      +
    267C  HIS*     4.1     3.9    -      -       -      +
    268C  LEU*     3.3    24.1    +      -       -      +
    285C  LEU*     3.8    30.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 265 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    224B  GLN*     4.8     0.4    -      -       -      -
    261C  MET      3.3     7.8    +      -       -      +
    262C  THR*     3.2    10.1    +      -       -      +
    264C  ILE*     1.4    76.9    -      -       -      +
    266C  THR*     1.3    66.6    +      -       +      +
    267C  HIS      3.4     0.2    +      -       -      -
    268C  LEU*     3.5     3.6    +      -       -      +
    269C  ARG*     3.0    49.6    +      -       -      +
    282C  ASP*     3.0    17.7    +      -       -      +
    285C  LEU*     3.7    31.8    -      -       +      +
    286C  MET*     3.5    25.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 266 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    223B  LEU      5.0     1.8    -      -       -      +
    224B  GLN*     3.3    37.9    +      -       -      +
    228B  PRO*     4.2    25.8    -      -       +      -
    262C  THR*     2.9    28.9    +      -       -      +
    263C  THR*     3.4    11.4    +      -       -      +
    265C  ASN*     1.3    71.0    -      -       +      +
    267C  HIS*     1.3    68.7    +      -       -      +
    269C  ARG*     3.5     1.9    +      -       -      +
    270C  GLU*     3.3    21.6    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 267 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    263C  THR*     2.8    25.7    +      -       -      +
    264C  ILE*     4.1     3.8    -      -       -      +
    266C  THR*     1.3    73.0    +      -       -      +
    268C  LEU*     1.4    62.6    +      -       -      +
    270C  GLU*     2.9    32.5    +      -       +      +
    271C  THR*     3.3    25.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 268 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    143C  TYR*     4.3    24.2    -      -       +      +
    221C  PHE*     5.5     3.8    -      -       +      -
    225C  THR*     4.5    17.7    -      -       +      +
    264C  ILE      3.3    15.4    +      -       -      +
    265C  ASN      3.8     2.5    -      -       -      +
    266C  THR      3.5     0.2    -      -       -      -
    267C  HIS*     1.4    80.3    -      -       +      +
    269C  ARG*     1.3    61.7    +      -       -      +
    271C  THR*     3.1    29.4    +      -       +      +
    272C  LEU*     3.7     9.0    +      -       +      +
    279C  LYS*     3.6    13.0    -      -       -      +
    281C  ILE*     3.4    40.8    -      -       +      -
    282C  ASP*     3.9     9.2    -      -       -      +
    285C  LEU*     3.9    11.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 269 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    220B  TYR*     4.2    23.1    +      -       +      -
    223B  LEU*     3.5    49.5    +      -       -      +
    224B  GLN*     3.2    40.9    +      -       +      +
    265C  ASN*     3.0    35.2    +      -       -      +
    266C  THR*     3.6     3.1    -      -       -      +
    267C  HIS      3.2     0.8    -      -       -      -
    268C  LEU*     1.3    78.1    -      -       -      +
    270C  GLU*     1.3    59.1    +      -       -      +
    272C  LEU*     3.4    21.5    +      -       -      +
    273C  PRO      4.8     0.9    -      -       -      +
    275C  ILE*     5.9     1.6    -      -       +      -
    277C  TYR      4.7     2.2    +      -       -      -
    278C  VAL*     5.2     0.4    -      -       -      +
    279C  LYS*     4.3    18.5    -      -       -      +
    282C  ASP*     3.1    25.6    +      -       -      +
    286C  MET*     3.4    23.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 270 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    220B  TYR*     4.1    11.0    -      -       -      +
    224B  GLN*     3.1    26.3    +      -       -      +
    267B  HIS*     3.3    34.2    +      -       -      -
    271B  THR*     6.5     0.2    -      -       +      -
     53C  VAL*     5.6     0.3    -      -       -      +
    266C  THR*     3.3    10.2    +      -       -      +
    267C  HIS*     2.9    21.3    +      -       +      +
    269C  ARG*     1.3    74.8    -      -       -      +
    271C  THR*     1.4    58.2    +      -       -      +
    272C  LEU      3.2     9.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 271 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     53C  VAL*     3.3    20.1    -      -       -      +
    143C  TYR*     5.6     3.8    -      -       -      +
    267C  HIS*     3.3    27.4    +      -       -      -
    268C  LEU*     3.1    20.3    +      -       +      +
    270C  GLU*     1.4    74.4    -      -       -      +
    272C  LEU*     1.4    65.7    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il