Contacts of the helix formed by residues 119 - 142 (chain B) in PDB entry 4GCK


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ASP 119 (chain B).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     26A  SER      4.9     0.7    -      -       -      +
     29A  SER*     3.1    39.8    +      -       -      +
     30A  GLN*     3.8    20.0    +      -       -      +
    114B  LEU      5.7     0.4    -      -       -      +
    117B  GLU      3.4     6.8    +      -       -      +
    118B  GLN*     1.3    70.1    -      -       -      +
    120B  ARG*     1.3    62.2    +      -       -      +
    121B  LEU      3.0     1.7    +      -       -      -
    122B  GLN*     3.1    22.5    +      -       -      +
    123B  GLY*     3.5     2.9    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 120 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     56B  THR*     3.6    19.2    -      -       -      +
     57B  ARG*     4.2    11.9    -      -       -      +
     60B  ASP*     2.4    45.8    +      -       -      -
    118B  GLN*     3.9    18.4    +      -       +      +
    119B  ASP*     1.3    77.4    -      -       -      +
    121B  LEU*     1.3    66.7    +      -       +      +
    122B  GLN      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    123B  GLY*     3.2     6.1    +      -       -      +
    124B  ARG*     3.1    29.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 121 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     56B  THR*     3.5    29.2    -      -       +      -
     59B  PHE*     3.8    17.5    -      -       +      -
     60B  ASP*     3.5    39.9    -      -       -      +
     63B  ILE*     3.7    18.8    -      -       +      +
    114B  LEU*     3.8    18.6    -      -       +      -
    117B  GLU*     3.8    22.4    -      -       +      -
    118B  GLN      2.9    17.4    +      -       -      +
    120B  ARG*     1.3    82.1    -      -       -      +
    122B  GLN*     1.3    60.7    +      -       -      +
    124B  ARG*     3.1    10.1    +      -       -      +
    125B  ILE*     3.1    22.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 122 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    112A  HIS*     5.7     0.3    -      -       -      -
    175A  ARG*     3.5    24.3    -      -       +      +
    177A  GLU*     5.9     3.1    -      -       -      +
    109B  LEU      5.2     0.6    +      -       -      -
    110B  THR      5.7     0.8    -      -       -      -
    111B  GLY*     3.3    31.1    -      -       -      +
    114B  LEU*     3.7    15.8    -      -       +      +
    118B  GLN      4.3     0.4    +      -       -      -
    119B  ASP*     3.1    13.0    +      -       -      +
    121B  LEU*     1.3    75.8    -      -       -      +
    123B  GLY*     1.3    61.2    +      -       -      +
    124B  ARG      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    125B  ILE*     3.0    17.5    +      -       -      +
    126B  ASN*     2.8    57.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 123 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    119B  ASP      3.5     5.2    +      -       -      -
    120B  ARG*     3.2    10.0    +      -       -      -
    122B  GLN*     1.3    79.5    -      -       -      +
    124B  ARG*     1.3    56.7    +      -       -      +
    126B  ASN*     3.5    12.8    +      -       -      +
    127B  GLN*     3.1    35.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 124 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     60B  ASP*     2.6    65.9    +      -       -      +
     63B  ILE*     3.6    24.7    -      -       +      +
     64B  GLU*     3.5    35.4    +      -       -      +
     67B  GLU*     5.1    11.1    +      -       -      +
    120B  ARG*     3.1    18.0    +      -       -      +
    121B  LEU*     3.3    13.2    -      -       -      +
    122B  GLN      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    123B  GLY*     1.3    78.0    -      -       -      +
    125B  ILE*     1.3    62.9    +      -       -      +
    127B  GLN*     3.3    18.0    +      -       +      +
    128B  LEU*     3.2    18.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 125 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     63B  ILE*     4.0    20.6    -      -       +      -
     66B  ILE*     4.8     5.8    -      -       +      -
    108B  ILE*     3.9    31.0    -      -       +      +
    109B  LEU*     3.5    27.4    -      -       +      +
    114B  LEU*     4.0     9.0    -      -       +      -
    121B  LEU      3.1    12.2    +      -       -      +
    122B  GLN*     3.0    21.4    +      -       -      +
    124B  ARG*     1.3    75.1    -      -       -      +
    126B  ASN*     1.3    65.9    +      -       -      +
    128B  LEU*     2.9    22.2    +      -       +      +
    129B  PHE*     2.9    39.9    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 126 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    175A  ARG*     2.8    59.8    +      -       -      +
    176A  SER*     4.5     3.8    -      -       -      +
    177A  GLU*     5.7     2.2    -      -       -      +
    122B  GLN*     2.8    39.4    +      -       -      +
    123B  GLY*     3.7    12.0    -      -       -      +
    124B  ARG      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    125B  ILE*     1.3    76.4    -      -       -      +
    127B  GLN*     1.3    59.0    +      -       +      +
    129B  PHE*     3.3     2.3    +      -       -      +
    130B  GLU*     2.8    35.7    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 127 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     67B  GLU*     6.2     0.2    -      -       -      +
    123B  GLY      3.1    19.4    +      -       -      +
    124B  ARG*     3.4    21.3    -      -       +      +
    125B  ILE      3.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
    126B  ASN*     1.3    78.4    -      -       +      +
    128B  LEU*     1.3    56.8    +      -       -      +
    130B  GLU*     3.2     8.1    +      -       -      +
    131B  ARG*     2.8    30.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 128 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     63B  ILE*     5.6     2.7    -      -       +      +
     66B  ILE*     4.0    27.6    -      -       +      +
     67B  GLU*     3.9    45.3    +      -       +      +
     70B  LEU*     5.1     5.6    -      -       +      -
     71B  ILE*     4.1    12.6    -      -       +      -
    109B  LEU*     4.3    17.7    -      -       +      -
    124B  ARG      3.2    11.4    +      -       -      +
    125B  ILE*     2.9    17.2    +      -       +      +
    127B  GLN*     1.3    75.3    -      -       -      +
    129B  PHE*     1.3    57.9    +      -       +      +
    131B  ARG*     3.1     5.1    +      -       +      +
    132B  ILE*     2.9    51.7    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 129 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    175A  ARG*     3.7    43.1    -      -       -      +
     95B  ILE*     5.9     4.7    -      -       +      -
    109B  LEU*     3.3    48.5    -      -       +      -
    110B  THR*     5.7     0.4    -      -       +      -
    125B  ILE*     2.9    33.6    +      -       +      -
    126B  ASN      3.6     6.1    -      -       -      +
    128B  LEU*     1.3    76.8    -      -       +      +
    130B  GLU*     1.3    57.5    +      -       -      +
    132B  ILE*     3.3    13.0    +      -       +      +
    133B  GLU*     2.8    30.8    +      -       -      +
    163B  LEU*     3.5    28.8    -      -       +      +
    166B  CYS*     6.2     0.7    -      -       +      -
    167B  GLU*     3.8    26.0    -      -       +      -
    170B  LEU*     5.3     9.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 130 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    175A  ARG*     4.9     6.1    +      -       -      -
    180A  TYR*     2.4    36.0    +      -       -      -
    126B  ASN*     2.8    24.2    +      -       +      +
    127B  GLN*     3.2     8.0    +      -       -      +
    129B  PHE*     1.3    72.9    -      -       -      +
    131B  ARG*     1.3    62.0    +      -       -      +
    133B  GLU*     3.7    14.6    -      -       -      +
    134B  VAL*     2.8    41.2    +      -       +      +
    137B  ARG*     4.9    12.6    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 131 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     67B  GLU*     2.7    38.9    +      -       -      +
     71B  ILE*     3.6    45.1    -      -       +      +
    127B  GLN      2.8    13.6    +      -       -      +
    128B  LEU*     3.3    10.3    -      -       -      +
    130B  GLU*     1.3    78.6    -      -       -      +
    132B  ILE*     1.3    63.0    +      -       -      +
    134B  VAL*     3.3     7.6    +      -       -      +
    135B  GLN*     3.1    21.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 132 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     70B  LEU*     4.9     9.4    -      -       +      -
     71B  ILE*     4.6     4.9    -      -       +      -
     74B  ILE*     4.2    22.9    -      -       +      -
     91B  ILE*     5.0     0.9    -      -       +      -
     95B  ILE*     4.0    35.9    -      -       +      -
    109B  LEU*     6.3     0.9    -      -       +      -
    128B  LEU*     2.9    43.0    +      -       +      +
    129B  PHE*     3.6    17.7    -      -       +      +
    131B  ARG*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
    133B  GLU*     1.3    62.8    +      -       -      +
    135B  GLN*     3.2     7.6    +      -       -      +
    136B  LEU*     2.9    31.0    +      -       +      +
    163B  LEU*     4.2    14.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 133 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    172A  ARG*     3.1    39.6    +      -       -      -
    175A  ARG*     4.9     1.2    +      -       -      -
    129B  PHE      2.8    19.0    +      -       -      +
    130B  GLU*     3.2    18.8    +      -       -      +
    132B  ILE*     1.3    73.9    -      -       -      +
    134B  VAL*     1.3    58.0    +      -       -      +
    136B  LEU*     3.2     7.9    +      -       -      +
    137B  ARG*     3.0    50.0    +      -       -      +
    156B  THR*     4.4     5.2    -      -       -      +
    159B  ALA*     4.0    17.9    -      -       +      +
    160B  SER*     3.5    20.0    +      -       -      -
    163B  LEU*     3.7    13.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 134 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    130B  GLU*     2.8    34.5    +      -       +      +
    131B  ARG*     3.5     7.9    -      -       -      +
    133B  GLU*     1.3    75.6    -      -       -      +
    135B  GLN*     1.3    58.0    +      -       -      +
    137B  ARG*     3.0    33.3    -      -       -      +
    138B  GLN*     3.0    26.5    +      -       +      +
    141B  ARG*     5.1     2.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 135 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     71B  ILE*     6.4     1.8    -      -       +      -
     74B  ILE*     3.9    26.1    -      -       +      +
     75B  ASN*     4.3     8.5    -      -       -      +
     78B  LEU*     3.5    29.7    -      -       +      +
     91B  ILE*     4.8     3.4    -      -       +      -
    131B  ARG*     3.1    13.8    +      -       +      +
    132B  ILE*     3.2    11.4    +      -       -      +
    134B  VAL*     1.3    75.2    -      -       -      +
    136B  LEU*     1.3    60.6    +      -       +      +
    138B  GLN*     3.2    18.7    +      -       -      +
    139B  VAL*     2.9    36.3    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 136 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     88B  LEU*     3.8    24.3    -      -       +      +
     91B  ILE*     3.9    32.8    -      -       +      -
     92B  VAL*     5.6     4.0    -      -       +      -
     95B  ILE*     5.6     1.1    -      -       +      -
    132B  ILE*     2.9    30.5    +      -       +      +
    133B  GLU*     3.2    11.0    +      -       -      +
    135B  GLN*     1.3    76.9    -      -       +      +
    137B  ARG*     1.3    57.5    +      -       -      +
    139B  VAL*     3.4     5.8    +      -       -      +
    140B  MET*     3.1    37.0    +      -       +      +
    159B  ALA*     3.8    27.6    -      -       +      +
    162B  LEU*     4.1    19.3    -      -       +      -
    163B  LEU*     4.5    12.1    -      -       +      -
    166B  CYS*     6.4     0.7    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 137 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    130B  GLU*     4.9     7.3    +      -       -      -
    133B  GLU*     3.0    41.9    +      -       -      +
    134B  VAL*     3.0    49.4    -      -       -      +
    136B  LEU*     1.3    75.6    -      -       -      +
    138B  GLN*     1.3    66.2    +      -       -      +
    140B  MET*     3.4     2.1    +      -       -      +
    141B  ARG*     3.0    59.1    +      -       -      +
    155B  GLU*     3.9    23.3    -      -       +      +
    156B  THR*     3.8    33.3    +      -       -      +
    159B  ALA*     4.1     6.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 138 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    134B  VAL*     3.0    15.3    +      -       +      +
    135B  GLN*     3.2    22.0    +      -       -      +
    137B  ARG*     1.3    77.8    -      -       -      +
    139B  VAL*     1.3    63.5    +      -       -      +
    141B  ARG*     3.3    25.6    +      -       -      +
    142B  GLU*     2.9    53.0    +      -       -      +
    145B  MET*     5.8     1.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 139 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     78B  LEU*     3.5    32.3    -      -       +      -
     84B  THR*     4.0    22.4    +      -       +      +
     87B  ARG*     4.1    22.5    +      -       +      +
     88B  LEU*     3.6    28.7    -      -       +      -
     91B  ILE*     4.4    11.0    -      -       +      -
    135B  GLN*     2.9    22.1    +      -       -      +
    136B  LEU      3.6     8.3    -      -       -      +
    137B  ARG      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    138B  GLN*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
    140B  MET*     1.3    63.3    +      -       -      +
    142B  GLU*     3.2    15.1    +      -       -      +
    143B  LYS      3.6     6.4    +      -       -      -
    146B  ARG*     5.6     0.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 140 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     84B  THR*     4.5     2.0    -      -       -      -
     88B  LEU*     4.0    17.7    -      -       +      -
    136B  LEU*     3.1    23.5    +      -       +      +
    137B  ARG      3.8     1.3    -      -       -      +
    138B  GLN      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    139B  VAL*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
    141B  ARG*     1.3    63.6    +      -       -      +
    143B  LYS*     3.1    20.3    +      -       -      +
    144B  LYS      4.7     0.3    +      -       -      -
    150B  GLY*     5.5     0.5    -      -       -      -
    151B  TYR*     3.6    31.3    +      -       +      -
    155B  GLU*     3.6    25.0    -      -       +      +
    158B  LEU*     3.6    28.5    -      -       +      -
    159B  ALA*     3.5    33.0    -      -       +      +
    162B  LEU*     3.8    24.5    -      -       +      -
    197B  LEU*     4.6     2.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 141 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    134B  VAL*     5.1     2.2    +      -       -      +
    137B  ARG*     3.0    61.8    +      -       -      +
    138B  GLN*     3.3    31.3    +      -       -      +
    140B  MET*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
    142B  GLU*     1.3    62.7    +      -       -      +
    143B  LYS      3.2     1.1    +      -       -      -
    144B  LYS*     3.4    27.5    -      -       -      +
    145B  MET*     3.6     8.1    -      -       +      +
    155B  GLU*     3.4    31.9    +      -       +      +
    156B  THR*     4.7     5.5    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 142 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     87B  ARG*     3.7     8.2    +      -       -      +
    138B  GLN*     2.9    43.6    +      -       -      +
    139B  VAL*     3.2    10.1    +      -       -      +
    140B  MET      3.2     1.2    -      -       -      -
    141B  ARG*     1.3    76.0    -      -       -      +
    143B  LYS*     1.3    64.5    +      -       -      +
    144B  LYS      3.3     0.7    -      -       -      -
    145B  MET*     3.3    20.8    +      -       +      +
    146B  ARG*     2.9    65.7    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il