Contacts of the helix formed by residues 95 - 121 (chain B) in PDB entry 4I1Q


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with GLY 95 (chain B).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     89B  TYR*     4.0     7.2    -      -       -      -
     94B  ASP*     1.3    77.8    -      -       -      +
     96B  HIS*     1.3    58.2    +      -       -      +
     97B  GLU*     3.1     4.0    -      -       -      +
     98B  GLU*     3.1     8.4    +      -       -      -
     99B  LEU*     2.8    30.0    +      -       -      +
    234B  VAL*     3.6    10.5    -      -       -      +
    237B  LYS*     3.8    16.6    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 96 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     86B  GLN*     4.0    16.6    -      -       +      -
     89B  TYR*     3.2    39.4    +      -       +      -
     90B  SER      3.3     7.7    +      -       -      +
     91B  SER*     3.7    32.1    -      -       -      +
     93B  TRP      3.2    16.1    +      -       -      +
     94B  ASP      3.2     4.4    +      -       -      -
     95B  GLY*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
     97B  GLU*     1.3    66.1    +      -       +      +
     99B  LEU*     3.4     7.2    +      -       +      +
    100B  LYS*     3.1    53.5    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 97 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     95B  GLY*     3.1     1.8    -      -       -      +
     96B  HIS*     1.3    87.4    -      -       +      +
     98B  GLU*     1.3    65.0    +      -       -      +
     99B  LEU      3.1     1.3    -      -       -      -
    100B  LYS*     3.1    27.0    +      -       -      +
    101B  ALA*     3.2    12.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 98 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     95B  GLY*     3.1     8.7    +      -       -      +
     97B  GLU*     1.3    78.2    -      -       -      +
     99B  LEU*     1.3    63.1    +      -       -      +
    101B  ALA*     3.2    17.5    +      -       -      +
    102B  ILE*     3.0    30.2    +      -       +      +
    230B  ASN*     4.0    21.8    +      -       +      +
    234B  VAL*     3.8    22.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 99 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     85B  LEU*     3.7    30.1    -      -       +      +
     86B  GLN*     3.8    32.3    -      -       +      +
     89B  TYR*     3.9    28.3    -      -       +      -
     95B  GLY      2.8    17.2    +      -       -      +
     96B  HIS*     3.4    11.4    -      -       -      +
     97B  GLU      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
     98B  GLU*     1.3    77.1    -      -       -      +
    100B  LYS*     1.3    61.2    +      -       -      +
    102B  ILE*     3.1    14.9    +      -       +      +
    103B  VAL*     3.1    30.9    +      -       +      +
    231B  LEU*     5.0     3.8    -      -       +      -
    234B  VAL*     4.1    10.2    -      -       +      +
    235B  MET*     4.0    13.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 100 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     86B  GLN*     3.7    32.7    +      -       +      +
     96B  HIS*     3.1    43.5    +      -       +      +
     97B  GLU*     3.1    23.3    +      -       -      +
     99B  LEU*     1.3    75.6    -      -       -      +
    101B  ALA*     1.3    59.6    +      -       -      +
    103B  VAL*     3.5     3.8    +      -       -      +
    104B  TRP*     3.2    21.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 101 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     97B  GLU      3.2     7.4    +      -       -      +
     98B  GLU*     3.2    24.9    +      -       -      +
    100B  LYS*     1.3    74.5    -      -       -      +
    102B  ILE*     1.3    60.1    +      -       -      +
    104B  TRP*     4.2     8.7    -      -       +      -
    105B  ASN*     2.5    45.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 102 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     82B  SER*     6.3     1.1    -      -       -      -
     85B  LEU*     6.6     0.2    -      -       +      -
     98B  GLU*     3.0    28.7    +      -       +      +
     99B  LEU*     3.1    14.1    +      -       +      +
    101B  ALA*     1.3    73.2    -      -       -      +
    103B  VAL*     1.3    70.9    +      -       +      +
    105B  ASN*     4.5     4.0    -      -       -      +
    106B  ASN*     2.8    27.2    +      -       +      +
    227B  LEU*     4.0    23.7    -      -       +      +
    230B  ASN*     3.7    27.8    -      -       +      +
    231B  LEU*     3.6    39.7    -      -       +      +
    234B  VAL*     4.5    10.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 103 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     79B  LYS*     6.4     0.7    -      -       +      -
     82B  SER*     3.7    41.6    +      -       -      +
     83B  GLU*     4.6    13.7    -      -       +      +
     85B  LEU*     5.8     0.2    -      -       +      -
     86B  GLN*     3.8    33.9    -      -       -      +
     99B  LEU*     3.1    26.3    +      -       +      +
    100B  LYS      3.8     2.0    -      -       -      +
    102B  ILE*     1.3    80.2    -      -       +      +
    104B  TRP*     1.3    65.4    +      -       -      +
    106B  ASN*     3.3    16.6    +      -       -      +
    107B  ASP*     3.3    10.0    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 104 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    100B  LYS      3.2    15.3    +      -       -      +
    101B  ALA*     3.6     8.5    -      -       +      +
    103B  VAL*     1.3    80.7    -      -       -      +
    105B  ASN*     1.3    74.6    +      -       -      +
    107B  ASP*     3.0    24.6    +      -       +      +
    108B  LEU*     3.1    42.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 105 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    101B  ALA*     2.5    43.0    +      -       -      +
    104B  TRP*     1.3    86.5    -      -       -      +
    106B  ASN*     1.3    66.8    +      -       -      +
    108B  LEU*     4.1    16.4    -      -       -      +
    109B  LEU*     3.1    30.6    +      -       +      +
    227B  LEU*     3.7    25.1    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 106 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    217A  ARG*     4.8     8.7    +      -       -      -
     78B  SER*     3.1    29.1    +      -       -      -
     79B  LYS*     4.5     3.0    -      -       -      +
     82B  SER*     4.2    14.7    +      -       -      +
    102B  ILE*     2.8    26.3    +      -       +      +
    103B  VAL*     3.3     9.3    +      -       -      +
    105B  ASN*     1.3    73.3    -      -       -      +
    107B  ASP*     1.3    61.3    +      -       -      +
    109B  LEU*     3.2     3.5    +      -       -      +
    110B  TRP*     3.0    53.7    +      -       -      -
    224B  MET*     3.5    16.1    -      -       -      +
    227B  LEU*     3.4    13.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 107 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     75B  HIS*     3.1    22.9    +      -       -      -
     79B  LYS*     3.0    47.4    +      -       -      +
    103B  VAL*     3.8     8.4    -      -       +      +
    104B  TRP*     3.0    13.5    +      -       +      +
    106B  ASN*     1.3    78.2    +      -       -      +
    108B  LEU*     1.3    57.7    +      -       +      +
    109B  LEU      3.0     2.1    +      -       -      -
    110B  TRP*     3.1     4.7    +      -       -      +
    111B  GLU*     2.8    39.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 108 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    104B  TRP*     3.1    52.9    +      -       +      +
    105B  ASN*     4.1    20.4    -      -       -      +
    107B  ASP*     1.3    79.2    -      -       +      +
    109B  LEU*     1.3    58.6    +      -       +      +
    111B  GLU*     4.0     7.4    -      -       -      +
    112B  ASP*     3.1    27.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 109 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    105B  ASN*     3.1    20.8    +      -       +      +
    107B  ASP      3.0     1.0    -      -       -      -
    108B  LEU*     1.3    78.0    -      -       +      +
    110B  TRP*     1.3    63.7    +      -       -      +
    111B  GLU      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    112B  ASP*     3.8     9.2    -      -       +      +
    113B  TYR*     3.0    26.3    +      -       -      +
    219B  VAL*     6.1     2.2    -      -       +      -
    220B  PHE*     4.0     8.8    -      -       +      -
    223B  GLU*     3.7    46.0    -      -       +      +
    224B  MET*     3.1    33.0    -      -       +      +
    227B  LEU*     4.0    16.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 110 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     74A  MET*     6.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    221A  TYR*     5.7     4.9    -      -       -      -
     71B  VAL*     4.0    31.6    -      -       +      -
     74B  MET*     3.4    35.9    -      -       +      -
     75B  HIS*     3.3    48.2    -      +       +      +
     78B  SER*     3.5    23.1    +      -       -      -
    106B  ASN*     3.0    45.4    +      -       -      +
    107B  ASP      3.6     1.3    -      -       -      +
    109B  LEU*     1.3    75.6    -      -       -      +
    111B  GLU*     1.3    54.0    +      -       -      +
    113B  TYR*     3.6     6.7    -      +       -      +
    114B  GLU*     2.8    40.6    +      -       -      +
    220B  PHE*     3.6    33.4    -      +       -      -
    224B  MET*     4.1     7.3    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 111 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     75B  HIS*     3.3    22.5    -      -       +      -
    107B  ASP*     2.8    24.3    +      -       -      +
    108B  LEU*     4.0     7.9    -      -       -      +
    110B  TRP*     1.3    72.8    -      -       -      +
    112B  ASP*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
    114B  GLU*     3.4    17.8    -      -       -      +
    115B  GLU*     2.8    63.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 112 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    108B  LEU      3.1    19.1    +      -       -      +
    109B  LEU*     3.8    10.6    -      -       +      +
    111B  GLU*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
    113B  TYR*     1.3    62.5    +      -       -      +
    115B  GLU*     3.9    11.8    -      -       -      +
    116B  LYS*     3.0    65.2    +      -       -      +
    219B  VAL*     6.0     2.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 113 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     67B  PHE*     3.8    14.9    -      -       -      -
     71B  VAL*     3.6    37.0    -      -       +      +
    109B  LEU      3.0    20.4    +      -       -      +
    110B  TRP*     3.6     6.5    -      +       -      +
    112B  ASP*     1.3    79.2    +      -       -      +
    114B  GLU*     1.3    56.0    +      -       -      +
    116B  LYS*     3.8     3.1    -      -       -      +
    117B  LEU*     2.9    42.8    +      -       +      +
    216B  LEU*     4.0    25.8    -      -       +      -
    217B  ARG*     3.1    40.7    +      -       +      +
    220B  PHE*     3.6    47.8    -      +       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 114 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     68B  LEU*     3.6     9.6    -      -       +      +
     71B  VAL*     3.4    22.2    -      -       +      +
     72B  LYS*     3.9    34.8    -      -       +      +
     75B  HIS*     2.4    44.2    +      -       -      +
    110B  TRP      2.8    20.9    +      -       -      +
    111B  GLU*     3.4    23.6    -      -       -      +
    113B  TYR*     1.3    71.4    -      -       -      +
    115B  GLU*     1.3    66.4    +      -       -      +
    117B  LEU*     3.4     7.1    +      -       -      +
    118B  ALA*     3.1    22.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 115 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    111B  GLU*     2.8    50.2    +      -       -      +
    112B  ASP*     3.9    13.0    -      -       -      +
    114B  GLU*     1.3    72.6    -      -       +      +
    116B  LYS*     1.3    60.8    +      -       +      +
    118B  ALA*     3.1     9.9    +      -       -      +
    119B  ASP*     3.0    25.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 116 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    112B  ASP*     3.0    48.4    +      -       -      +
    113B  TYR*     3.9     3.6    -      -       -      +
    115B  GLU*     1.3    74.2    -      -       +      +
    117B  LEU*     1.3    56.5    +      -       -      +
    119B  ASP*     4.4     5.2    -      -       -      +
    120B  GLN*     2.6    54.3    +      -       -      +
    216B  LEU*     3.7    30.3    -      -       +      +
    219B  VAL*     6.0     4.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 117 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     67B  PHE*     3.8    36.8    -      -       +      -
     68B  LEU*     3.9    17.5    -      -       +      -
     71B  VAL*     3.8    16.6    -      -       +      -
    113B  TYR*     2.9    44.3    +      -       +      +
    114B  GLU*     3.5     5.4    -      -       -      +
    115B  GLU      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
    116B  LYS*     1.3    75.3    -      -       -      +
    118B  ALA*     1.3    57.6    +      -       -      +
    121B  ALA*     2.8    45.4    +      -       +      +
    122B  VAL*     3.1     9.3    +      -       +      +
    213B  ILE*     4.1    16.6    -      -       +      -
    216B  LEU*     3.7    11.3    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 118 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     68B  LEU*     4.2    17.0    -      -       +      +
     72B  LYS*     5.7     1.6    -      -       -      +
    114B  GLU      3.1    12.9    +      -       -      +
    115B  GLU*     3.1    13.0    +      -       -      +
    117B  LEU*     1.3    72.7    -      -       -      +
    119B  ASP*     1.3    61.7    +      -       -      +
    122B  VAL*     3.8    11.5    -      -       +      +
    123B  ARG*     2.8    30.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 119 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    115B  GLU      3.0    12.2    +      -       -      +
    116B  LYS*     3.8     7.4    -      -       -      +
    118B  ALA*     1.3    81.2    -      -       -      +
    120B  GLN*     1.3    77.9    +      -       +      +
    121B  ALA      3.2     1.2    +      -       -      -
    123B  ARG*     3.2    27.3    +      -       -      +
    124B  THR*     3.3     9.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 120 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    116B  LYS*     2.6    43.4    +      -       -      +
    119B  ASP*     1.3    86.4    +      -       +      +
    121B  ALA*     1.3    55.8    +      -       -      +
    124B  THR*     3.1    17.8    +      -       -      +
    209B  ILE*     4.7     3.1    -      -       -      -
    212B  ASN*     3.3    49.6    +      -       +      +
    215B  ASN*     5.9     0.7    -      -       -      +
    216B  LEU*     3.8    24.8    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 121 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     64B  LEU*     4.3     9.0    -      -       +      +
    117B  LEU*     2.8    27.4    +      -       +      +
    120B  GLN*     1.3    75.1    -      -       -      +
    122B  VAL*     1.3    68.7    +      -       +      +
    123B  ARG      3.5     0.9    -      -       -      -
    124B  THR*     3.8     2.7    -      -       -      -
    125B  MET*     3.1    27.2    +      -       -      +
    209B  ILE*     4.4    10.2    -      -       +      +
    213B  ILE*     4.1    32.3    -      -       +      -
    216B  LEU*     6.0     0.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il