Contacts of the helix formed by residues 129 - 154 (chain E) in PDB entry 4N3E


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ASN 129 (chain E).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     93E  ARG*     2.9    26.0    +      -       -      +
     95E  ASN*     3.7    13.5    -      -       -      +
    127E  THR*     3.4     8.6    +      -       +      +
    128E  VAL*     1.3    70.2    -      -       -      +
    130E  GLU*     1.3    57.9    +      -       -      +
    131E  GLU*     2.9    27.9    +      -       -      +
    132E  GLU*     3.0    31.6    +      -       +      +
    133E  VAL*     3.7     3.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 130 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      4E  TYR*     4.7    13.2    -      -       +      -
    128E  VAL      3.4     7.6    +      -       -      -
    129E  ASN*     1.3    68.4    -      -       -      +
    131E  GLU*     1.3    55.8    +      -       -      +
    132E  GLU      3.5     0.4    -      -       -      -
    133E  VAL*     3.4    12.7    +      -       +      +
    134E  LYS*     3.2    59.6    +      -       +      +
      2F  ALA*     6.3     2.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 131 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     93E  ARG*     3.3    24.9    +      -       -      +
    129E  ASN*     2.9    15.7    +      -       -      +
    130E  GLU*     1.3    73.6    +      -       -      +
    132E  GLU*     1.3    53.2    +      -       -      +
    133E  VAL      3.1     5.2    -      -       -      -
    134E  LYS*     3.5    13.1    +      -       -      +
    135E  ILE*     2.8    48.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 132 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     92E  LEU      4.3     4.3    -      -       -      +
     93E  ARG*     3.3    35.0    -      -       -      +
     95E  ASN*     5.0     0.2    -      -       -      +
     96E  ILE*     2.8    45.2    -      -       -      +
    120E  TYR*     3.5    29.8    +      -       -      -
    128E  VAL*     3.6    14.0    -      -       -      +
    129E  ASN*     3.0    30.3    +      -       +      +
    131E  GLU*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
    133E  VAL*     1.3    58.5    +      -       -      +
    135E  ILE*     3.8     9.9    -      -       +      -
    136E  GLY*     3.2    16.3    +      -       -      -
    201E  2AN      4.0    10.2    -      -       +      -
    204E  2AN      5.9     1.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 133 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      4E  TYR*     4.5    13.9    -      -       +      -
      6E  ILE*     3.8    29.8    -      -       +      +
    120E  TYR*     3.8    35.5    +      -       +      -
    128E  VAL*     4.2    13.7    -      -       +      -
    129E  ASN      4.0    11.7    -      -       -      +
    130E  GLU*     3.4    11.6    +      -       +      +
    131E  GLU      3.1     0.6    -      -       -      -
    132E  GLU*     1.3    77.7    -      -       -      +
    134E  LYS*     1.3    67.4    +      -       +      +
    136E  GLY*     3.3     1.4    +      -       -      -
    137E  GLU*     3.2    25.0    +      -       -      +
      1F  MET      5.7     4.9    -      -       -      +
      2F  ALA*     6.5     0.9    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 134 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    130E  GLU*     3.2    46.7    +      -       +      +
    131E  GLU*     4.1    10.3    -      -       -      +
    133E  VAL*     1.3    75.1    -      -       +      +
    135E  ILE*     1.3    63.5    +      -       -      +
    137E  GLU*     4.0    15.1    -      -       -      +
    138E  LYS*     3.3    26.0    +      -       -      +
      1F  MET*     5.4    15.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 135 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     93E  ARG*     3.8    26.7    -      -       -      +
    131E  GLU*     2.8    37.5    +      -       +      +
    132E  GLU*     3.8    11.2    -      -       +      +
    133E  VAL      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    134E  LYS*     1.3    75.1    -      -       -      +
    136E  GLY*     1.3    66.7    +      -       -      +
    138E  LYS*     3.4     9.4    +      -       -      +
    139E  LYS*     3.2    30.5    +      -       +      +
    201E  2AN      3.9    15.0    -      -       +      -
    204E  2AN      4.2    18.2    -      -       +      +
    205E  2AN      3.4    31.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 136 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    101E  TYR*     5.5     3.5    +      -       -      -
    120E  TYR*     3.5    22.7    -      -       -      -
    132E  GLU      3.2     8.1    +      -       -      -
    133E  VAL      3.3     0.4    +      -       -      -
    134E  LYS      3.2     0.6    -      -       -      -
    135E  ILE*     1.3    82.5    -      -       -      +
    137E  GLU*     1.3    58.9    -      -       -      +
    139E  LYS*     3.5     2.9    -      -       -      +
    140E  ALA*     3.3    21.7    +      -       -      +
    201E  2AN      3.6    27.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 137 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      6E  ILE*     4.0    24.3    -      -       +      +
      8E  LYS*     3.6    33.2    +      -       -      +
    120E  TYR*     4.5     0.6    +      -       -      -
    133E  VAL*     3.2    16.9    +      -       -      +
    134E  LYS*     4.1    12.1    -      -       -      +
    136E  GLY*     1.3    74.6    -      -       -      +
    138E  LYS*     1.3    60.7    +      -       +      +
    140E  ALA*     4.0     3.7    -      -       -      +
    141E  TYR*     3.1    31.9    +      -       +      +
    202E  2AN      4.7     1.3    +      -       -      -
      1F  MET*     3.0    52.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 138 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    134E  LYS      3.3    14.4    +      -       -      +
    135E  ILE*     4.2    13.2    -      -       -      +
    137E  GLU*     1.3    80.2    -      -       +      +
    139E  LYS*     1.3    82.0    +      -       -      +
    141E  TYR*     4.0     6.5    -      -       -      -
    142E  GLU*     3.2    37.0    +      -       -      +
    205E  2AN      2.8    37.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 139 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     35E  GLN*     4.8     4.0    -      -       -      +
    135E  ILE*     3.2    21.6    +      -       +      +
    136E  GLY      3.5     4.9    -      -       -      +
    138E  LYS*     1.3   100.6    -      -       -      +
    140E  ALA*     1.3    61.2    -      -       -      +
    142E  GLU*     3.8    12.9    -      -       -      +
    143E  PHE      3.3    16.6    +      -       -      -
    201E  2AN      3.6    72.0    -      -       +      +
    204E  2AN      3.7     3.4    +      -       -      +
    205E  2AN      2.6    61.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 140 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     27E  ARG*     3.9    11.1    +      -       -      +
    101E  TYR*     5.8     5.6    -      -       +      -
    136E  GLY      3.3    12.7    +      -       -      +
    137E  GLU*     4.1     4.0    -      -       -      +
    139E  LYS*     1.3    78.4    -      -       -      +
    141E  TYR*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
    143E  PHE*     3.8     5.7    -      -       -      +
    144E  TYR*     3.1    25.6    +      -       -      +
    201E  2AN      3.5    24.2    +      -       -      +
    202E  2AN      3.8    22.5    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 141 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      8E  LYS*     3.9    19.3    -      -       -      +
     10E  GLU*     4.1    24.3    +      -       +      -
    137E  GLU*     3.1    22.4    +      -       +      +
    138E  LYS*     4.4     4.3    -      -       -      -
    139E  LYS      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
    140E  ALA*     1.3    75.0    -      -       -      +
    142E  GLU*     1.3    58.8    -      -       -      +
    144E  TYR*     3.3    26.2    -      +       -      +
    145E  LYS*     3.0    51.4    +      -       +      +
    202E  2AN      3.7    13.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 142 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     35E  GLN*     4.1    10.2    +      -       -      +
     37E  HIS*     6.1     0.7    -      -       -      -
    138E  LYS*     3.2    33.8    +      -       +      +
    139E  LYS*     3.8    12.4    -      -       -      +
    141E  TYR*     1.3    80.0    -      -       -      +
    143E  PHE*     1.3    58.4    +      -       -      +
    145E  LYS*     3.2    10.4    +      -       +      +
    146E  GLN*     2.9    48.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 143 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     22E  ALA      4.2     1.6    -      -       -      -
     23E  LEU*     3.5    24.5    -      -       +      -
     27E  ARG*     3.5    47.6    -      -       +      -
     30E  VAL*     4.0    13.5    -      -       +      -
     31E  LEU*     3.4    46.2    -      -       +      -
     34E  ALA*     4.0    13.5    -      -       +      -
     35E  GLN*     4.0     4.5    +      -       -      +
    139E  LYS      3.3    15.6    +      -       -      +
    140E  ALA      3.8     4.3    -      -       -      +
    142E  GLU*     1.3    74.0    -      -       -      +
    144E  TYR*     1.3    68.6    +      -       +      +
    146E  GLN*     3.1    13.0    +      -       -      +
    147E  VAL*     3.0    40.1    +      -       +      +
    201E  2AN      4.0    10.1    -      +       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 144 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     10E  GLU*     5.4     1.5    -      -       +      +
     11E  GLU      3.6     8.3    +      -       -      -
     12E  SER*     3.5     6.6    +      -       -      -
     19E  LEU*     4.7     7.9    -      -       +      -
     23E  LEU*     4.0    25.8    -      -       +      -
    140E  ALA      3.1    10.1    +      -       -      +
    141E  TYR*     3.3    29.8    -      +       -      +
    143E  PHE*     1.3    77.0    -      -       +      +
    145E  LYS*     1.3    86.3    +      -       +      +
    147E  VAL*     3.4     2.1    +      -       -      +
    148E  GLU*     2.4    54.6    +      -       +      -
    202E  2AN      2.9    66.6    -      +       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 145 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    141E  TYR*     3.0    41.1    +      -       +      +
    142E  GLU*     3.2    11.2    +      -       -      +
    144E  TYR*     1.3   103.1    +      -       +      +
    146E  GLN*     1.3    61.9    +      -       +      +
    148E  GLU*     2.6    30.8    +      -       -      +
    149E  GLU*     3.2    21.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 146 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     34E  ALA*     3.2    33.5    +      -       +      +
     35E  GLN*     2.6    31.5    -      -       -      +
     37E  HIS*     5.8     2.2    -      -       -      -
    142E  GLU*     2.9    34.1    +      -       +      +
    143E  PHE*     3.1    16.2    +      -       -      +
    145E  LYS*     1.3    79.6    -      -       +      +
    147E  VAL*     1.3    58.3    +      -       -      +
    149E  GLU*     3.6     7.6    +      -       -      +
    150E  TYR*     3.3    24.3    +      -       -      +
    203E  2AN      4.6     3.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 147 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     19E  LEU*     4.7     4.3    -      -       +      -
     22E  ALA*     3.9     4.0    -      -       +      -
     23E  LEU*     3.7    30.3    -      -       +      -
     30E  VAL*     3.9    14.8    -      -       +      -
     34E  ALA*     4.9     2.0    -      -       +      -
    143E  PHE*     3.1    32.1    -      -       +      +
    144E  TYR      3.7     3.8    -      -       -      +
    146E  GLN*     1.3    74.4    -      -       -      +
    148E  GLU*     1.3    56.3    +      -       -      +
    149E  GLU      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    150E  TYR*     3.0     1.7    +      -       -      +
    151E  LEU*     2.7    51.2    +      -       +      +
    203E  2AN      3.6    28.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 148 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     11E  GLU      4.3     0.2    -      -       -      +
     12E  SER*     2.6    21.7    +      -       -      +
     13E  PRO*     3.4    21.2    -      -       +      +
     14E  ILE*     4.2    17.1    -      -       +      +
     19E  LEU*     5.4     1.1    -      -       -      -
    144E  TYR*     2.4    47.2    +      -       +      +
    145E  LYS*     2.6    36.1    +      -       -      +
    147E  VAL*     1.3    74.3    -      -       -      +
    149E  GLU*     1.3    64.4    +      -       -      +
    151E  LEU*     4.7     0.2    -      -       -      -
    152E  ALA*     3.0    28.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 149 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    145E  LYS      3.2    10.7    +      -       -      +
    146E  GLN*     3.7    11.2    -      -       -      +
    147E  VAL      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    148E  GLU*     1.3    78.5    -      -       -      +
    150E  TYR*     1.3    75.2    +      -       -      +
    152E  ALA*     3.6     6.3    +      -       -      +
    153E  ALA*     3.2    28.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 150 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    146E  GLN      3.3     6.4    +      -       -      +
    147E  VAL      3.0     8.2    +      -       -      +
    149E  GLU*     1.3    85.8    +      -       -      +
    151E  LEU*     1.3    70.4    +      -       +      +
    153E  ALA*     3.0    16.0    +      -       +      +
    154E  ASN*     3.2    34.0    +      -       -      +
    157E  VAL*     4.2    14.5    -      -       +      +
    203E  2AN      3.3   104.6    +      +       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 151 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     14E  ILE*     3.8    29.4    -      -       +      -
     18E  ARG*     2.6    70.5    +      -       +      +
     19E  LEU*     4.2     7.4    -      -       +      -
     22E  ALA*     4.3     2.0    -      -       +      -
    147E  VAL*     2.7    40.6    +      -       +      +
    150E  TYR*     1.3    74.5    -      -       +      +
    152E  ALA*     1.3    58.5    +      -       -      +
    154E  ASN      3.4     7.1    -      -       -      +
    155E  PRO*     4.0     1.4    -      -       -      +
    157E  VAL*     4.0    16.6    -      -       +      +
    158E  PHE*     4.1     5.2    -      -       +      -
    203E  2AN      3.5    24.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 152 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     13E  PRO*     5.9     4.7    -      -       +      -
     14E  ILE*     3.8    13.4    -      -       +      +
     18E  ARG*     4.9     0.4    -      -       -      +
    148E  GLU*     3.0    21.5    +      -       +      +
    149E  GLU*     3.6     6.5    -      -       -      +
    151E  LEU*     1.3    79.2    -      -       -      +
    153E  ALA*     1.3    57.2    +      -       -      +
    154E  ASN      3.8     0.5    +      -       -      -
    155E  PRO*     4.2    10.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 153 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    149E  GLU*     3.2    25.0    +      -       -      +
    150E  TYR*     3.0     6.6    +      -       +      +
    152E  ALA*     1.3    75.0    -      -       -      +
    154E  ASN*     1.3    70.7    +      -       -      +
    155E  PRO*     3.7     5.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 154 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     18E  ARG*     2.8    17.0    +      -       -      -
    150E  TYR*     3.2    38.2    +      -       +      +
    151E  LEU*     3.4     3.6    -      -       -      +
    153E  ALA*     1.3    89.4    +      -       -      +
    155E  PRO*     1.3    62.2    -      -       -      +
    156E  GLU*     3.2    25.2    +      -       -      +
    157E  VAL*     3.4    24.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il