Contacts of the helix formed by residues 10 - 36 (chain A) in PDB entry 4U7I


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with PRO 10 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      9A  GLU*     1.3    98.7    +      -       +      +
     11A  ALA*     1.3    64.4    +      -       -      +
     12A  GLU*     4.4     2.2    -      -       +      +
     13A  ILE*     3.3    44.0    +      -       +      +
     14A  LYS*     3.5    11.5    +      -       -      +
     71A  TRP*     3.9    23.6    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 11 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      9A  GLU      3.6     3.0    +      -       -      -
     10A  PRO*     1.3    70.5    -      -       -      +
     12A  GLU*     1.3    64.9    +      -       +      +
     14A  LYS*     3.0    35.3    -      -       +      +
     15A  ILE*     3.3    18.7    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 12 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     10A  PRO*     3.2     1.4    -      -       +      +
     11A  ALA*     1.3    79.8    -      -       +      +
     13A  ILE*     1.3    61.9    +      -       -      +
     15A  ILE*     3.5    13.7    +      -       +      +
     16A  ILE*     3.2    26.0    +      -       -      +
     59A  ILE*     3.7    19.9    -      -       +      +
     60A  SER      5.4     1.3    -      -       -      +
     66A  HIS*     5.9     2.0    -      -       -      +
     71A  TRP*     3.5    27.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 13 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      9A  GLU      5.4     3.1    -      -       -      +
     10A  PRO*     3.3    37.2    +      -       +      +
     11A  ALA      3.2     0.6    -      -       -      -
     12A  GLU*     1.3    76.0    -      -       -      +
     14A  LYS*     1.3    60.8    +      -       -      +
     16A  ILE*     3.1     9.0    +      -       -      +
     17A  ARG*     2.8    39.4    +      -       +      +
     70A  GLY*     3.7    38.4    -      -       -      +
     71A  TRP*     3.7    36.3    -      -       +      +
     74A  ALA*     4.2     8.7    -      -       +      -
     77A  MET*     6.5     0.7    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 14 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      9A  GLU      5.7     1.6    -      -       -      +
     10A  PRO      3.5     5.6    +      -       -      +
     11A  ALA*     3.0    36.1    -      -       +      +
     13A  ILE*     1.3    79.2    -      -       -      +
     15A  ILE*     1.3    54.4    +      -       +      +
     17A  ARG*     4.2     9.2    -      -       -      +
     18A  GLU*     2.7    52.8    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 15 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     11A  ALA*     3.3    18.9    +      -       +      +
     12A  GLU*     3.6    15.3    -      -       +      +
     14A  LYS*     1.3    79.7    -      -       +      +
     16A  ILE*     1.3    62.7    +      -       -      +
     18A  GLU*     3.4     6.2    +      -       -      +
     19A  ALA*     3.0    23.4    +      -       -      +
     55A  ARG*     4.4    25.0    +      -       +      +
     59A  ILE*     3.8    30.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 16 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     12A  GLU      3.2    15.1    +      -       -      +
     13A  ILE*     3.1     7.0    +      -       -      +
     15A  ILE*     1.3    76.2    -      -       -      +
     17A  ARG*     1.3    64.6    -      -       -      +
     19A  ALA*     3.2     2.9    +      -       -      +
     20A  TYR*     2.9    22.0    +      -       -      +
     56A  GLY*     3.7    21.8    -      -       -      +
     59A  ILE*     3.7    20.0    -      -       +      +
     71A  TRP*     4.2    11.4    -      -       +      -
     74A  ALA*     3.8    38.8    -      -       +      +
     77A  MET*     4.0    10.3    -      -       +      -
     78A  GLN*     3.5    24.2    -      -       +      +
     81A  MET*     3.9    18.0    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 17 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     13A  ILE*     2.8    28.8    +      -       +      +
     14A  LYS*     3.7     7.5    -      -       -      +
     16A  ILE*     1.3    77.8    -      -       -      +
     18A  GLU*     1.3    71.7    +      -       -      +
     20A  TYR*     3.3     2.6    +      -       -      +
     21A  LYS*     3.1    50.7    +      -       +      +
     77A  MET*     3.9    31.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 18 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     14A  LYS*     2.7    42.0    +      -       +      +
     15A  ILE*     3.9     6.1    -      -       -      +
     17A  ARG*     1.3    84.4    -      -       -      +
     19A  ALA*     1.3    58.5    +      -       -      +
     21A  LYS*     3.4    15.1    +      -       -      +
     22A  LYS*     3.0    41.5    +      -       +      +
     55A  ARG*     5.0     3.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 19 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     15A  ILE      3.0    17.9    +      -       -      +
     16A  ILE      3.6     1.3    -      -       -      +
     18A  GLU*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
     20A  TYR*     1.3    55.3    +      -       -      +
     23A  ALA*     2.8    37.6    +      -       -      +
     52A  HIS*     3.4    24.7    -      -       -      +
     55A  ARG*     4.0    20.3    -      -       -      +
     56A  GLY*     3.5    22.4    -      -       -      +
     81A  MET*     4.1     3.4    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 20 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     16A  ILE      2.9    16.9    +      -       -      +
     17A  ARG      3.4     5.8    -      -       -      +
     18A  GLU      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     19A  ALA*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
     21A  LYS*     1.3    69.5    +      -       +      +
     24A  PHE*     3.0    20.1    +      -       -      +
     77A  MET*     3.6    65.3    -      -       +      -
     80A  LYS*     4.1    13.4    -      -       +      +
     81A  MET*     3.7    16.3    -      -       +      -
    319B  ILE*     3.7    32.0    +      -       +      +
    321B  PHE*     3.4    44.9    +      +       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 21 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     17A  ARG*     3.1    39.7    +      -       +      +
     18A  GLU*     3.8    17.0    -      -       -      +
     19A  ALA      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     20A  TYR*     1.3    83.3    -      -       +      +
     22A  LYS*     1.3    59.0    +      -       +      +
     24A  PHE*     3.4     3.5    +      -       -      +
     25A  LEU*     3.0    27.4    +      -       -      +
     77A  MET*     6.1     0.7    -      -       -      -
    319B  ILE*     3.9    24.8    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 22 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     18A  GLU*     3.0    23.7    +      -       +      +
     19A  ALA      4.1     0.7    -      -       -      +
     21A  LYS*     1.3    74.9    -      -       +      +
     23A  ALA*     1.3    66.3    +      -       -      +
     25A  LEU*     3.2    10.8    +      -       +      +
     26A  PHE*     3.0    38.4    +      -       +      -
     52A  HIS*     3.6    38.1    -      -       +      +
     55A  ARG*     4.4     6.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 23 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     19A  ALA      2.8    24.5    +      -       -      +
     20A  TYR*     3.9     3.8    -      -       -      +
     22A  LYS*     1.3    72.6    -      -       -      +
     24A  PHE*     1.3    58.4    +      -       -      +
     26A  PHE*     3.3     0.5    +      -       -      +
     27A  VAL*     2.9    35.9    +      -       -      +
     49A  GLY*     4.1     5.8    -      -       -      +
     52A  HIS*     3.8    13.8    -      -       +      +
     53A  LEU*     3.5    39.9    -      -       +      +
    321B  PHE*     4.4     3.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 24 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     20A  TYR      3.0    17.8    +      -       -      +
     21A  LYS      3.7     4.0    -      -       -      +
     23A  ALA*     1.3    77.6    -      -       -      +
     25A  LEU*     1.3    67.4    -      -       -      +
     27A  VAL      4.6     0.2    -      -       -      +
     28A  ASN*     2.9    45.6    +      -       +      +
    318B  ASP      5.4     1.6    -      -       -      -
    319B  ILE*     3.7    36.1    -      -       +      -
    320B  ASP*     3.6    33.9    -      -       +      -
    321B  PHE*     3.7    16.7    -      +       +      -
    323B  ASP*     6.2     1.3    -      -       +      -
    324B  LEU*     3.6    37.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 25 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     21A  LYS      3.0    14.1    +      -       -      +
     22A  LYS*     3.4    15.3    -      -       +      +
     24A  PHE*     1.3    82.0    -      -       -      +
     26A  PHE*     1.3    81.2    +      -       +      +
     28A  ASN*     3.7     4.3    +      -       -      +
     29A  LYS*     3.1    52.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 26 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     22A  LYS*     3.0    35.0    +      -       +      +
     25A  LEU*     1.3    93.5    -      -       +      +
     27A  VAL*     1.3    60.8    +      -       -      +
     29A  LYS*     3.3     7.7    +      -       +      -
     30A  GLY*     2.8    24.4    +      -       -      -
     45A  TYR*     3.4    37.9    -      +       -      +
     48A  GLN*     3.2    44.2    -      -       +      -
     49A  GLY*     3.8    10.8    -      -       -      +
     52A  HIS*     3.6    28.3    -      +       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 27 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     23A  ALA      2.9    23.5    +      -       -      +
     24A  PHE      4.2     1.3    -      -       -      +
     26A  PHE*     1.3    76.8    -      -       -      +
     28A  ASN*     1.3    59.3    +      -       -      +
     30A  GLY*     3.2     1.4    +      -       -      -
     31A  LEU*     2.8    30.6    +      -       +      +
     45A  TYR      5.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
     46A  TYR*     4.0     7.0    -      -       +      -
     49A  GLY*     4.1    16.8    -      -       -      -
     53A  LEU*     4.3     5.6    -      -       +      -
     84A  THR*     4.2     9.9    -      -       +      -
     88A  VAL*     3.8    35.7    -      -       +      -
    324B  LEU*     4.0    20.0    -      -       +      -
    328B  PHE*     3.8    20.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 28 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     24A  PHE*     2.9    41.8    +      -       +      +
     25A  LEU*     3.7     4.3    +      -       -      +
     27A  VAL*     1.3    75.7    -      -       -      +
     29A  LYS*     1.3    62.0    +      -       -      +
     31A  LEU*     3.3     1.7    +      -       -      +
     32A  ASN*     2.8    45.5    +      -       -      +
    324B  LEU*     4.4    10.2    -      -       +      +
    327B  ARG*     2.9    28.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 29 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     25A  LEU*     3.1    39.8    +      -       +      +
     26A  PHE*     3.6    15.0    -      -       +      +
     28A  ASN*     1.3    80.3    -      -       -      +
     30A  GLY*     1.3    64.7    +      -       -      +
     32A  ASN*     3.3     8.3    +      -       -      +
     33A  THR*     3.0    29.7    +      -       +      +
     45A  TYR*     3.5    46.3    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 30 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     26A  PHE      2.8    11.3    +      -       -      -
     27A  VAL      3.2     3.3    +      -       -      -
     29A  LYS*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
     31A  LEU*     1.3    56.4    +      -       -      +
     33A  THR*     3.0     8.1    +      -       -      -
     34A  ASP*     2.8    30.5    +      -       -      +
     42A  ALA*     3.6     4.9    -      -       -      +
     45A  TYR*     3.6    17.2    -      -       -      +
     46A  TYR*     3.4    20.1    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 31 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     27A  VAL*     2.8    20.5    +      -       +      +
     28A  ASN      3.8     1.3    -      -       -      +
     30A  GLY*     1.3    70.5    -      -       -      +
     32A  ASN*     1.3    65.6    +      -       -      +
     34A  ASP*     3.6     0.3    -      -       -      +
     35A  GLU*     2.9    30.6    +      -       -      +
     46A  TYR*     3.6    14.8    -      -       -      +
    324B  LEU*     3.6    38.8    -      -       +      +
    327B  ARG*     3.3    39.0    -      -       +      +
    328B  PHE*     3.6    39.5    -      -       +      -
    331B  LEU*     3.7    18.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 32 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     28A  ASN*     2.8    38.8    +      -       -      +
     29A  LYS*     3.3     8.9    +      -       -      +
     31A  LEU*     1.3    73.9    -      -       -      +
     33A  THR*     1.3    65.2    +      -       +      +
     35A  GLU*     3.4     7.9    +      -       -      +
     36A  LEU*     3.2    23.5    +      -       -      +
    327B  ARG*     2.8    22.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 33 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     29A  LYS*     3.0    16.2    +      -       -      +
     30A  GLY*     3.0    15.1    +      -       -      -
     32A  ASN*     1.3    77.1    -      -       +      +
     34A  ASP*     1.3    63.0    +      -       -      +
     36A  LEU*     3.2     2.9    +      -       -      -
     37A  GLY      3.1     4.2    +      -       -      -
     38A  GLN*     2.8    62.9    +      -       -      +
     41A  GLU*     3.8    11.7    -      -       -      +
     42A  ALA*     3.2    16.8    +      -       -      -
     45A  TYR*     3.7    20.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 34 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     30A  GLY      2.8    18.2    +      -       -      +
     31A  LEU*     3.6     4.0    -      -       -      +
     33A  THR*     1.3    77.7    +      -       -      +
     35A  GLU*     1.3    60.8    +      -       -      +
     37A  GLY*     3.0    14.8    +      -       -      +
     38A  GLN      4.7     2.2    -      -       -      +
     39A  LYS*     4.6     6.6    -      -       -      +
     42A  ALA*     3.9    11.4    -      -       +      +
     46A  TYR*     2.7    27.5    +      -       -      +
     91A  ARG*     2.7    45.9    +      -       -      -
     95A  LEU*     3.8     8.4    -      -       -      +
    331B  LEU*     3.6    11.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 35 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     31A  LEU*     2.9    15.7    +      -       -      +
     32A  ASN*     3.8     8.7    -      -       -      +
     34A  ASP*     1.3    76.3    -      -       -      +
     36A  LEU*     1.3    60.0    +      -       -      +
     37A  GLY      3.2     0.7    +      -       -      -
    327B  ARG*     2.9    56.9    +      -       -      +
    331B  LEU*     4.1    22.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 36 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     32A  ASN      3.2    16.4    +      -       -      +
     33A  THR*     3.2     6.1    +      -       +      +
     34A  ASP      3.1     1.0    -      -       -      -
     35A  GLU*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
     37A  GLY*     1.3    60.6    +      -       -      +
     38A  GLN*     3.3    33.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il