Contacts of the helix formed by residues 1565 - 1591 (chain B) in PDB entry 5EK0


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ASP1565 (chain B).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1561B  SER*     3.2    18.1    +      -       -      +
   1562B  PHE      3.3    12.5    -      -       -      +
   1563B  PHE      3.4     0.4    -      -       -      -
   1564B  LYS*     1.3    76.2    -      -       -      +
   1566B  PRO*     1.4    74.8    -      -       -      +
   1567B  TRP*     3.4    17.4    +      -       -      +
   1568B  SER*     2.7    41.1    +      -       -      +
   1569B  LEU*     3.3    16.0    +      -       -      +
   1620B  ARG*     5.1     1.0    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO1566 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1564B  LYS      3.6     8.2    -      -       -      +
   1565B  ASP*     1.4    93.7    -      -       -      +
   1567B  TRP*     1.4    75.6    +      -       +      +
   1569B  LEU*     3.2    32.1    -      -       +      +
   1570B  PHE*     3.2    11.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP1567 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1554B  ARG*     4.7     0.7    -      -       -      +
   1565B  ASP*     3.4    17.2    +      -       -      +
   1566B  PRO*     1.4    86.8    -      -       +      +
   1568B  SER*     1.4    63.9    +      -       -      +
   1570B  PHE*     3.3    18.4    +      +       +      +
   1571B  ASP*     2.9    22.7    +      -       -      +
   1614B  THR*     3.5    27.6    -      -       +      -
   1620B  ARG*     3.4    60.8    -      -       +      +
   1623B  VAL*     4.9     9.4    -      -       +      -
   1624B  SER*     3.4    25.8    -      -       -      -
   1627B  ILE*     6.1     4.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER1568 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1551B  ILE*     4.1     7.4    -      -       -      +
   1554B  ARG*     3.4    24.6    +      -       -      +
   1555B  ILE*     4.7     7.0    -      -       -      +
   1561B  SER      5.0     0.2    +      -       -      -
   1562B  PHE*     3.7    26.5    -      -       -      -
   1565B  ASP*     2.7    32.8    +      -       -      +
   1566B  PRO      3.4     0.4    -      -       -      -
   1567B  TRP*     1.4    75.6    -      -       -      +
   1569B  LEU*     1.4    59.3    +      -       -      +
   1571B  ASP*     3.8     4.5    +      -       -      +
   1572B  PHE*     3.5    18.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU1569 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1562B  PHE*     4.2    10.7    +      -       +      +
   1563B  PHE*     3.5    27.4    -      -       +      +
   1565B  ASP      3.3    16.9    +      -       -      +
   1566B  PRO*     3.2    25.8    -      -       +      +
   1568B  SER*     1.4    77.1    -      -       -      +
   1570B  PHE*     1.4    54.9    +      -       +      +
   1571B  ASP      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
   1572B  PHE*     3.1    10.6    +      -       +      +
   1573B  VAL*     2.8    46.3    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE1570 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1566B  PRO      3.2    13.2    +      -       -      +
   1567B  TRP*     3.3    13.7    +      +       +      +
   1569B  LEU*     1.4    79.3    -      -       +      +
   1571B  ASP*     1.3    79.9    +      -       -      +
   1573B  VAL*     3.3     7.1    +      -       +      +
   1574B  VAL*     2.9    52.8    +      -       +      +
   1610B  LEU*     3.7    34.8    -      -       +      -
   1611B  ARG*     4.0    13.9    -      -       +      -
   1613B  VAL*     5.6     0.4    -      -       +      -
   1614B  THR*     3.2    36.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP1571 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1551B  ILE*     4.1     5.5    -      -       +      +
   1554B  ARG*     3.0    36.9    +      -       -      +
   1567B  TRP      2.9    18.6    +      -       -      +
   1568B  SER      4.0     3.8    -      -       -      +
   1569B  LEU      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
   1570B  PHE*     1.3    90.2    -      -       -      +
   1572B  PHE*     1.4    55.9    +      -       -      +
   1574B  VAL*     4.0     6.9    -      -       -      +
   1575B  VAL*     3.1    29.8    +      -       -      +
   1611B  ARG*     3.3    37.8    +      -       -      +
   1614B  THR*     4.3     8.6    -      -       -      +
   1615B  ALA*     5.3     2.6    +      -       -      -
   1620B  ARG*     4.8     4.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE1572 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1551B  ILE*     4.1    28.3    -      -       +      -
   1555B  ILE*     4.6     7.2    -      -       +      -
   1562B  PHE*     4.5    28.5    -      +       +      -
   1568B  SER      3.5    12.5    +      -       -      +
   1569B  LEU*     3.1    15.9    +      -       +      +
   1570B  PHE      3.1     0.6    -      -       -      -
   1571B  ASP*     1.4    76.4    -      -       -      +
   1573B  VAL*     1.4    66.4    +      -       +      +
   1574B  VAL      3.2     1.6    -      -       -      -
   1575B  VAL*     3.1     7.5    +      -       +      +
   1576B  ILE*     2.9    60.5    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL1573 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1569B  LEU*     2.8    32.8    +      -       +      +
   1570B  PHE*     3.9     7.6    -      -       +      +
   1572B  PHE*     1.4    75.5    -      -       +      +
   1574B  VAL*     1.4    56.4    +      -       +      +
   1576B  ILE*     3.2    21.0    -      -       +      +
   1577B  ILE*     3.0    46.3    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL1574 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1570B  PHE*     2.9    43.8    +      -       +      +
   1571B  ASP*     4.0     6.5    -      -       -      +
   1573B  VAL*     1.4    75.6    -      -       +      +
   1575B  VAL*     1.4    58.3    +      -       +      +
   1577B  ILE*     3.2    11.4    +      -       +      +
   1578B  SER*     2.8    33.9    +      -       -      -
   1607B  GLY*     3.6    41.5    -      -       -      +
   1608B  ARG*     3.9    12.1    -      -       +      +
   1610B  LEU*     5.8     0.2    -      -       +      -
   1611B  ARG*     4.3    13.7    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL1575 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1547B  PHE*     3.8    30.5    -      -       +      +
   1548B  THR*     4.0    24.5    -      -       +      +
   1551B  ILE*     3.8    26.9    -      -       +      -
   1571B  ASP      3.1    20.6    +      -       -      +
   1572B  PHE*     3.1    11.5    +      -       +      +
   1574B  VAL*     1.4    79.8    -      -       +      +
   1576B  ILE*     1.4    62.1    +      -       +      +
   1578B  SER*     3.3     6.8    +      -       -      -
   1579B  ILE*     3.0    34.2    +      -       +      +
   1611B  ARG*     4.9     5.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE1576 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1572B  PHE*     2.9    49.4    +      -       +      +
   1573B  VAL*     3.2    30.7    -      -       +      +
   1575B  VAL*     1.4    78.8    -      -       +      +
   1577B  ILE*     1.4    57.0    +      -       +      +
   1579B  ILE*     4.0     6.8    -      -       +      +
   1580B  VAL*     3.1    36.8    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE1577 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1573B  VAL*     3.0    39.1    +      -       +      +
   1574B  VAL*     3.2    10.5    +      -       +      +
   1576B  ILE*     1.4    77.5    -      -       +      +
   1578B  SER*     1.3    56.5    -      -       -      +
   1580B  VAL*     3.9     3.7    -      -       -      +
   1581B  GLY*     2.8    33.4    +      -       -      -
   1604B  ALA*     3.9    32.7    -      -       +      +
   1607B  GLY*     5.6     4.5    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER1578 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1544B  ILE*     3.5    14.5    -      -       -      +
   1574B  VAL*     2.8    21.1    +      -       -      -
   1575B  VAL*     3.3     7.2    +      -       -      -
   1577B  ILE*     1.3    73.3    -      -       -      +
   1579B  ILE*     1.3    57.5    +      -       -      +
   1582B  MET*     3.1    29.8    +      -       -      +
   1604B  ALA      4.8     3.1    -      -       -      -
   1608B  ARG*     2.8    47.0    +      -       -      +
   1806B  5P2      3.7    10.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE1579 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1544B  ILE*     3.6    23.3    -      -       +      -
   1545B  ILE*     6.2     1.3    -      -       +      -
   1548B  THR*     3.8    23.8    -      -       +      +
   1575B  VAL*     3.0    25.2    +      -       +      +
   1576B  ILE*     4.0     7.2    -      -       -      +
   1578B  SER*     1.3    73.6    -      -       -      +
   1580B  VAL*     1.4    68.8    +      -       +      +
   1582B  MET*     3.5    10.2    -      -       +      +
   1583B  PHE*     3.1    44.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL1580 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1576B  ILE*     3.1    25.4    +      -       +      +
   1577B  ILE*     3.9     4.5    -      -       -      +
   1579B  ILE*     1.4    77.4    -      -       +      +
   1581B  GLY*     1.3    57.1    +      -       -      +
   1583B  PHE*     3.6     2.8    +      -       -      +
   1584B  LEU*     3.0    49.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY1581 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1577B  ILE      2.8    20.6    +      -       -      -
   1580B  VAL*     1.3    72.1    -      -       -      +
   1582B  MET*     1.3    57.4    +      -       -      +
   1584B  LEU*     3.0     8.0    +      -       -      -
   1585B  ALA*     2.8    36.1    +      -       -      +
   1601B  ILE*     5.3     4.3    -      -       -      -
   1604B  ALA*     4.4     7.4    -      -       -      -
   1806B  5P2      3.3    19.7    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET1582 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1541B  VAL*     3.8    16.6    -      -       +      +
   1544B  ILE*     3.6    42.0    -      -       +      -
   1545B  ILE*     5.7     3.6    -      -       +      -
   1578B  SER      3.1    18.1    +      -       -      +
   1579B  ILE*     3.5     9.9    -      -       +      +
   1581B  GLY*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
   1583B  PHE*     1.3    76.2    +      -       +      +
   1586B  ASP*     3.3    13.3    +      -       -      +
   1806B  5P2      3.3    92.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE1583 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1579B  ILE*     3.1    43.1    -      -       +      -
   1580B  VAL*     3.6     3.7    +      -       -      +
   1581B  GLY      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
   1582B  MET*     1.3    95.0    -      -       +      +
   1584B  LEU*     1.4    55.8    -      -       -      +
   1585B  ALA      3.4     0.7    -      -       -      -
   1586B  ASP*     3.6    10.6    -      -       -      +
   1587B  LEU*     2.8    35.8    +      -       -      +
   1805B  PX4      5.0    14.4    -      -       +      -
   1806B  5P2      3.1    41.3    -      +       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU1584 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1580B  VAL*     3.0    35.9    +      -       +      +
   1581B  GLY*     3.7     5.2    -      -       -      +
   1583B  PHE*     1.4    74.8    -      -       -      +
   1585B  ALA*     1.4    61.4    +      -       -      +
   1587B  LEU*     3.4    17.7    -      -       +      +
   1588B  ILE*     3.2    33.3    +      -       +      +
   1601B  ILE*     3.8    32.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA1585 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1581B  GLY      2.8    19.2    +      -       -      +
   1582B  MET      4.4     0.4    -      -       -      +
   1584B  LEU*     1.4    69.6    -      -       -      +
   1586B  ASP*     1.4    59.5    +      -       -      +
   1588B  ILE*     3.4     2.0    +      -       -      -
   1589B  GLU      3.0    22.7    +      -       -      -
   1598B  PHE*     3.3    19.5    -      -       +      -
   1601B  ILE*     3.8    26.1    -      -       +      +
   1602B  ARG*     4.7     4.7    -      -       +      -
   1806B  5P2      3.5    31.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP1586 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1582B  MET      3.3    19.3    +      -       -      +
   1583B  PHE*     3.4    12.0    +      -       -      +
   1585B  ALA*     1.4    77.5    -      -       -      +
   1587B  LEU*     1.4    56.9    +      -       -      +
   1589B  GLU*     3.3     1.6    +      -       -      +
   1590B  THR*     2.9    47.4    +      -       -      -
   1805B  PX4      3.3    23.5    -      -       -      +
   1806B  5P2      3.2    58.2    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU1587 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1583B  PHE      2.8    17.1    +      -       -      +
   1584B  LEU*     3.4    21.3    -      -       +      +
   1586B  ASP*     1.4    77.2    -      -       -      +
   1588B  ILE*     1.4    62.0    +      -       +      +
   1590B  THR*     4.8     2.9    -      -       -      -
   1591B  TYR*     3.1    51.3    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE1588 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1584B  LEU*     3.2    22.7    -      -       +      +
   1585B  ALA      3.4     5.1    +      -       -      +
   1586B  ASP      3.4     0.4    -      -       -      -
   1587B  LEU*     1.4    81.2    -      -       +      +
   1589B  GLU*     1.4    60.4    +      -       -      +
   1591B  TYR*     2.8    22.7    -      -       -      +
   1592B  PHE*     3.8     1.0    +      -       -      -
   1593B  VAL*     3.3    46.5    +      -       +      +
   1594B  SER      4.5     0.9    -      -       -      +
   1597B  LEU*     3.9    32.5    -      -       +      +
   1598B  PHE*     4.6    10.5    -      -       +      +
   1601B  ILE*     3.7    30.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU1589 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1533B  THR*     5.3     1.6    -      -       -      +
   1537B  TYR*     3.7    16.3    +      -       -      -
   1585B  ALA      3.0    17.8    +      -       -      +
   1586B  ASP*     3.6     5.4    -      -       -      +
   1588B  ILE*     1.4    75.8    -      -       -      +
   1590B  THR*     1.4    62.2    +      -       -      +
   1592B  PHE*     4.0    27.5    -      -       -      -
   1598B  PHE*     3.4    36.7    -      -       +      -
   1806B  5P2      3.7    38.8    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR1590 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1586B  ASP*     2.9    30.4    +      -       -      -
   1587B  LEU*     4.1     4.5    -      -       -      -
   1589B  GLU*     1.4    74.5    -      -       -      +
   1591B  TYR*     1.3    78.2    +      -       +      +
   1592B  PHE*     3.3    24.1    +      -       -      -
   1805B  PX4      6.0     0.5    -      -       -      -
   1806B  5P2      4.5    10.1    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR1591 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1587B  LEU*     3.1    37.8    +      -       +      +
   1588B  ILE*     2.8    12.9    -      -       -      +
   1590B  THR*     1.3    90.2    -      -       +      +
   1592B  PHE*     1.4    52.5    +      -       -      +
   1593B  VAL*     2.8    31.5    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
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Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il