Contacts of the helix formed by residues 49 - 72 (chain d) in PDB entry 5GJQ


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with GLU 49 (chain d).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      2d  GLU*     5.4     0.3    -      -       -      +
     48d  GLY*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
     50d  ALA*     1.3    71.1    +      -       +      +
     51d  GLY      3.6     0.8    +      -       -      +
     52d  ASP*     3.5    25.2    -      -       +      +
     53d  THR*     3.1    18.0    +      -       -      +
     99d  HIS*     3.0    38.1    +      -       +      +
     91e  LYS*     3.5    30.6    +      -       -      +
    117e  GLU*     5.6     2.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 50 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     48d  GLY      3.8     0.4    +      -       -      -
     49d  GLU*     1.3    83.9    +      -       +      +
     51d  GLY*     1.3    59.7    +      -       -      +
     53d  THR*     3.4    13.0    +      -       -      -
     54d  VAL*     4.6     5.2    +      -       -      +
    117e  GLU*     3.5    22.2    -      -       +      -
    118e  GLY      4.5     0.7    -      -       -      -
    119e  ASN*     2.8    47.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 51 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     49d  GLU*     4.1     2.8    -      -       -      +
     50d  ALA*     1.3    80.1    -      -       -      +
     52d  ASP*     1.3    69.4    +      -       -      +
     53d  THR      3.3     0.7    -      -       -      -
     54d  VAL*     3.6     4.1    +      -       -      +
     55d  GLN*     3.2    28.3    +      -       -      +
     88e  TYR*     4.2     7.0    -      -       -      -
     91e  LYS*     4.6     0.2    -      -       -      -
    117e  GLU      3.6    18.0    +      -       -      -
    118e  GLY*     3.6    16.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 52 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     49d  GLU*     3.5    21.6    +      -       +      +
     50d  ALA      3.5     0.2    -      -       -      -
     51d  GLY*     1.3    77.4    -      -       -      +
     53d  THR*     1.3    59.0    +      -       -      +
     55d  GLN*     4.6     0.4    -      -       -      -
     56d  PHE*     2.8    33.8    +      -       -      +
     97d  PRO      3.8     6.0    -      -       -      +
     98d  TYR*     3.7    19.9    -      -       +      -
     99d  HIS*     3.1    34.0    +      -       -      +
    100d  VAL*     3.6     4.5    -      -       +      -
     88e  TYR*     3.1    28.0    +      -       -      -
     91e  LYS*     3.4    15.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 53 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      2d  GLU*     5.0     3.1    -      -       -      +
     36d  PHE*     5.6     1.8    -      -       -      -
     46d  CYS*     3.7    16.6    -      -       -      +
     47d  VAL*     3.3    14.6    -      -       -      +
     48d  GLY*     3.3    28.5    -      -       -      +
     49d  GLU      3.1    17.4    +      -       -      +
     50d  ALA      3.4    14.2    +      -       -      -
     52d  ASP*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
     54d  VAL*     1.3    72.5    +      -       -      +
     57d  ALA*     2.9    32.5    +      -       -      +
    100d  VAL*     3.5    12.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 54 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     32d  HIS*     5.8     7.4    -      -       +      +
     36d  PHE*     4.3    15.9    -      -       +      -
     50d  ALA      5.0     4.5    -      -       -      +
     51d  GLY*     3.6     5.7    +      -       -      +
     52d  ASP      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
     53d  THR*     1.3    88.0    +      -       -      +
     55d  GLN*     1.3    68.7    +      -       -      +
     57d  ALA*     4.4     4.3    -      -       -      -
     58d  GLU*     2.8    63.3    +      -       +      +
     81e  LYS*     4.7     7.9    -      -       -      -
    118e  GLY      5.7     3.6    -      -       -      +
    120e  ARG*     5.8    12.1    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 55 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     51d  GLY      3.2    19.5    +      -       -      +
     52d  ASP      4.0     1.8    -      -       -      +
     54d  VAL*     1.3    86.3    -      -       -      +
     56d  PHE*     1.3    57.3    +      -       -      +
     58d  GLU*     4.0     2.7    +      -       -      +
     59d  TYR*     3.0    31.8    +      -       -      +
     98d  TYR*     4.3     8.3    -      -       +      +
     81e  LYS*     5.1     3.8    -      -       -      +
     84e  ALA*     4.7     6.9    +      -       -      +
     85e  ASN*     3.0    30.3    +      -       -      +
     88e  TYR*     3.6    53.1    -      -       +      +
    118e  GLY*     5.2     5.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 56 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     44d  LEU*     5.3     1.8    -      -       +      -
     46d  CYS*     4.6     6.5    -      -       -      -
     52d  ASP      2.8    23.0    +      -       -      +
     53d  THR      4.0     1.6    -      -       -      +
     55d  GLN*     1.3    71.5    -      -       -      +
     57d  ALA*     1.3    69.6    +      -       -      +
     59d  TYR*     3.3     8.0    +      +       -      +
     60d  ILE*     2.9    51.1    +      -       +      +
     84d  THR*     3.4    24.0    -      -       -      -
     87d  ASN*     4.5     4.3    -      -       +      -
     88d  LEU*     3.7    37.0    -      -       +      -
     98d  TYR*     4.0    25.0    -      +       +      -
    100d  VAL*     3.9    23.6    -      -       +      -
    102d  LEU*     4.0    26.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 57 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     36d  PHE*     3.9    41.6    -      -       +      +
     38d  MET*     4.6     0.5    -      -       -      +
     44d  LEU*     4.2    19.4    -      -       +      +
     46d  CYS*     4.5     8.3    -      -       +      -
     53d  THR      2.9    23.2    +      -       -      +
     54d  VAL      3.9     2.9    -      -       -      +
     56d  PHE*     1.3    75.1    -      -       -      +
     58d  GLU*     1.3    51.9    +      -       -      +
     60d  ILE*     3.3     2.1    +      -       -      +
     61d  GLN*     2.8    34.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 58 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     96E  LEU*     3.9    15.5    -      -       +      +
     99E  GLU*     3.9    20.7    -      -       -      +
     36d  PHE*     4.4    19.0    -      -       +      -
     54d  VAL*     2.8    41.5    +      -       +      +
     55d  GLN*     4.1     3.0    +      -       -      +
     57d  ALA*     1.3    68.6    -      -       -      +
     59d  TYR*     1.3    67.4    +      -       -      +
     61d  GLN*     3.5    13.2    -      -       -      +
     62d  LYS*     2.9    33.5    +      -       +      +
     81e  LYS*     2.3    38.2    +      -       -      +
    120e  ARG*     5.0     1.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 59 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     96E  LEU*     4.4    12.6    -      -       +      +
     55d  GLN      3.0    18.8    +      -       -      +
     56d  PHE*     3.5     9.4    -      +       -      +
     58d  GLU*     1.3    77.4    -      -       -      +
     60d  ILE*     1.3    75.7    +      -       +      +
     62d  LYS*     3.3     2.5    +      -       -      +
     63d  ASN*     3.1    52.8    +      -       -      -
     83d  PHE*     5.0     1.4    -      +       -      -
     87d  ASN*     3.8    39.0    +      -       +      -
     98d  TYR*     5.6     8.3    -      +       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 60 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     38d  MET*     3.6    28.7    -      -       +      -
     44d  LEU*     4.3     6.3    -      -       +      -
     56d  PHE*     2.9    47.7    +      -       +      +
     57d  ALA      3.6     6.5    -      -       -      +
     59d  TYR*     1.3    87.4    -      -       +      +
     61d  GLN*     1.3    64.2    +      -       -      +
     63d  ASN*     3.2     4.7    +      -       -      +
     64d  VAL*     3.0    32.6    +      -       +      +
     83d  PHE*     4.1     7.0    -      -       +      -
     84d  THR*     3.8    37.9    -      -       +      -
     87d  ASN*     3.9    13.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 61 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     36d  PHE*     5.1    13.6    -      -       +      -
     37d  LYS*     2.8    32.6    +      -       -      +
     38d  MET*     3.8    17.4    -      -       +      +
     57d  ALA      2.8    20.4    +      -       -      +
     58d  GLU*     3.5    14.1    -      -       +      +
     59d  TYR      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     60d  ILE*     1.3    72.4    -      -       -      +
     62d  LYS*     1.3    95.2    +      -       -      +
     64d  VAL*     3.2     4.4    +      -       -      +
     65d  GLN*     2.9    32.1    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 62 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     92E  GLN*     3.6    26.3    +      -       +      +
     95E  ARG*     3.5    27.6    -      -       -      +
     96E  LEU*     3.1    60.8    -      -       +      +
     58d  GLU*     2.9    29.2    +      -       -      +
     59d  TYR*     3.9     3.8    -      -       -      +
     61d  GLN*     1.3   104.0    +      -       -      +
     63d  ASN*     1.3    60.9    +      -       -      +
     65d  GLN*     3.5     9.4    +      -       -      +
     66d  LEU*     2.9    28.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 63 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    101D  TYR*     5.4     1.8    +      -       -      -
     59d  TYR*     3.1    57.0    +      -       -      +
     60d  ILE      3.8     0.4    -      -       -      +
     61d  GLN      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
     62d  LYS*     1.3    77.5    -      -       -      +
     64d  VAL*     1.3    59.8    +      -       -      +
     66d  LEU*     3.3    14.9    +      -       -      +
     67d  TYR*     3.0    27.4    +      -       -      +
     75d  LEU*     5.3     1.0    -      -       -      +
     83d  PHE*     3.7    33.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 64 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     38d  MET*     3.3    48.0    -      -       +      +
     39d  SER*     3.4    16.2    -      -       -      +
     42d  ILE*     5.4     1.3    -      -       +      -
     60d  ILE*     3.0    20.2    +      -       +      +
     61d  GLN*     3.5     6.7    -      -       -      +
     63d  ASN*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
     65d  GLN*     1.3    66.6    +      -       -      +
     67d  TYR*     3.1     6.6    +      -       -      +
     68d  LYS*     3.0    21.0    +      -       +      +
     74d  GLU*     5.9     0.4    -      -       +      -
     75d  LEU*     3.9    36.1    +      -       +      +
     80d  ALA*     5.1     3.8    -      -       +      -
     83d  PHE*     5.1     5.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 65 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     67E  ASP*     5.2     4.2    -      -       -      +
     92E  GLN*     3.4    25.3    +      -       -      +
     95E  ARG*     6.1     1.7    -      -       -      -
     37d  LYS      5.5     0.8    +      -       -      -
     38d  MET*     3.2    26.1    +      -       -      +
     39d  SER*     4.6     5.1    -      -       -      +
     61d  GLN*     2.9    30.9    +      -       +      +
     62d  LYS*     3.8    11.4    -      -       -      +
     64d  VAL*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
     66d  LEU*     1.3    56.8    +      -       -      +
     68d  LYS*     3.2    32.3    +      -       -      +
     69d  MET*     2.9    35.5    +      -       -      +
     74d  GLU*     5.3     0.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 66 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     88E  ARG*     4.1     6.7    -      -       +      -
     89E  VAL*     3.7    42.0    -      -       +      +
     92E  GLN*     3.9    21.3    -      -       +      +
     62d  LYS      2.9    19.1    +      -       -      +
     63d  ASN*     3.4    17.3    -      -       -      +
     64d  VAL      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
     65d  GLN*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
     67d  TYR*     1.3    65.2    +      -       -      +
     69d  MET*     3.3     2.5    +      -       +      +
     70d  ARG*     2.9    55.7    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 67 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     97D  TYR*     2.4    39.6    +      +       -      -
    101D  TYR*     4.2    17.0    -      +       -      +
    103D  GLU*     5.1     2.9    +      -       -      -
    106D  PRO*     4.2     1.9    -      -       -      +
    109D  GLN*     3.0    13.6    +      -       -      -
    142D  HIS*     5.2     1.2    +      -       -      -
     63d  ASN      3.0    12.6    +      -       -      +
     64d  VAL      3.1     8.2    +      -       -      +
     66d  LEU*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
     68d  LYS*     1.3    57.7    +      -       -      +
     70d  ARG*     3.3     6.4    +      -       -      +
     71d  ASN*     2.9    53.2    +      -       -      +
     73d  TYR*     3.9    28.4    -      +       -      -
     74d  GLU      4.3     7.4    -      -       -      -
     75d  LEU*     3.6    39.8    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 68 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     67E  ASP*     4.0    28.0    +      -       -      -
     40d  GLU*     5.2     9.3    +      -       -      +
     64d  VAL*     3.0    12.7    +      -       +      +
     65d  GLN*     3.3    33.1    +      -       -      +
     67d  TYR*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
     69d  MET*     1.3    66.7    +      -       -      +
     72d  GLY*     3.0    32.2    +      -       -      +
     73d  TYR      3.7    13.5    -      -       -      +
     74d  GLU*     4.0    41.2    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 69 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     64E  ALA*     3.9    18.6    -      -       +      +
     65E  LEU      3.4    32.5    -      -       -      +
     66E  ASP*     3.5    14.4    -      -       -      +
     67E  ASP*     3.8    19.7    -      -       -      +
     88E  ARG*     3.2    34.3    +      -       +      -
     92E  GLN*     3.0    31.9    -      -       -      +
     65d  GLN*     2.9    18.3    +      -       -      +
     66d  LEU*     3.3     4.5    +      -       -      +
     68d  LYS*     1.3    91.0    -      -       -      +
     70d  ARG*     1.3    60.9    +      -       -      +
     72d  GLY      4.7     0.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 70 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    116D  ASP*     5.0     5.5    +      -       -      -
     85E  ASN*     4.0    42.8    -      -       -      +
     88E  ARG*     4.0    18.7    +      -       +      +
     89E  VAL*     4.3    17.8    -      -       -      +
     66d  LEU*     2.9    47.3    +      -       +      +
     67d  TYR*     4.0     5.6    -      -       -      +
     69d  MET*     1.3    79.5    -      -       -      +
     71d  ASN*     1.3    70.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 71 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    108D  GLU*     5.3     3.1    -      -       -      +
    109D  GLN*     3.1    41.7    +      -       -      +
    112D  THR*     5.7     0.3    +      -       -      -
    143D  TYR*     4.5     2.8    +      -       -      -
     67d  TYR*     2.9    41.3    +      -       -      +
     70d  ARG*     1.3    90.8    -      -       -      +
     72d  GLY*     1.3    58.6    +      -       -      +
     73d  TYR*     3.2    42.2    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 72 (chain d). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    143D  TYR*     5.6     1.1    -      -       -      -
     68d  LYS*     3.0    20.9    +      -       -      +
     69d  MET      4.7     1.0    -      -       -      -
     70d  ARG      3.8     0.6    -      -       -      -
     71d  ASN*     1.3    75.6    -      -       -      +
     73d  TYR*     1.3    59.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il