Contacts of the helix formed by residues 119 - 142 (chain E) in PDB entry 5K58


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ASP 119 (chain E).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    117E  GLU      4.5     2.9    -      -       -      +
    118E  GLN*     1.3    75.5    -      -       -      +
    120E  ARG*     1.3    57.2    +      -       -      +
    121E  LEU      3.0     0.2    -      -       -      -
    122E  GLN*     2.9    52.2    +      -       -      +
    123E  GLY      3.6     1.0    +      -       -      -
     26F  SER      4.5     7.3    -      -       -      +
     29F  SER*     2.6    34.5    +      -       -      -
     30F  GLN*     3.9    22.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 120 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     56E  THR*     3.9    17.7    -      -       -      +
     57E  ARG*     3.0    43.4    -      -       -      +
     60E  ASP*     3.6     7.5    +      -       -      -
    118E  GLN*     3.0    32.1    +      -       +      +
    119E  ASP*     1.3    79.0    -      -       -      +
    121E  LEU*     1.3    76.5    +      -       +      +
    122E  GLN      3.4     0.3    +      -       -      -
    123E  GLY*     3.4    10.0    +      -       -      -
    124E  ARG*     3.9    11.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 121 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     56E  THR*     4.2    19.3    -      -       +      +
     59E  PHE*     4.3    16.6    -      -       +      -
     60E  ASP*     3.3    31.9    -      -       -      +
     63E  ILE*     3.6    14.2    -      -       +      +
    114E  LEU*     3.7    22.4    -      -       +      +
    117E  GLU*     3.5    18.6    -      -       +      -
    118E  GLN*     3.0    35.6    +      -       +      +
    120E  ARG*     1.3    89.4    -      -       +      +
    122E  GLN*     1.3    64.6    +      -       -      +
    123E  GLY      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    124E  ARG*     3.3    23.3    -      -       +      +
    125E  ILE      3.7     1.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 122 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    114E  LEU*     3.7    19.6    -      -       +      +
    118E  GLN      4.1     0.8    +      -       -      -
    119E  ASP*     2.9    36.0    +      -       -      +
    121E  LEU*     1.3    77.8    -      -       -      +
    123E  GLY*     1.3    68.3    +      -       -      +
    125E  ILE*     3.0    13.2    +      -       -      +
    126E  ASN*     3.1    32.7    +      -       -      +
     29F  SER*     4.3    12.1    +      -       -      -
    175F  ARG*     4.4     4.9    +      -       -      +
    177F  GLU*     2.9    36.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 123 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    119E  ASP      3.6     1.2    +      -       -      -
    120E  ARG      3.4     7.6    +      -       -      -
    121E  LEU      3.3     0.8    -      -       -      -
    122E  GLN*     1.3    85.6    -      -       -      +
    124E  ARG*     1.3    51.5    -      -       -      +
    126E  ASN*     3.4     8.4    +      -       -      +
    127E  GLN*     2.7    55.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 124 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     60E  ASP*     3.7    27.1    +      -       -      +
     63E  ILE*     3.5    30.4    -      -       +      +
     64E  GLU*     3.2    50.3    +      -       -      +
     67E  GLU*     4.5    19.3    +      -       -      +
    120E  ARG      3.9    11.1    +      -       -      +
    121E  LEU*     3.3    17.5    -      -       -      +
    123E  GLY*     1.3    74.0    -      -       -      +
    125E  ILE*     1.3    58.0    +      -       -      +
    127E  GLN*     3.4    11.0    +      -       -      +
    128E  LEU*     2.8    28.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 125 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     63E  ILE*     4.0    18.6    -      -       +      -
     66E  ILE*     5.7     3.1    -      -       +      -
    108E  ILE*     3.4    29.4    -      -       +      +
    109E  LEU*     3.4    37.5    -      -       +      +
    111E  GLY*     6.0     0.4    -      -       -      -
    114E  LEU*     3.8    19.7    -      -       +      -
    121E  LEU      3.8    12.1    -      -       -      +
    122E  GLN      3.0     6.7    +      -       -      +
    124E  ARG*     1.3    72.4    -      -       -      +
    126E  ASN*     1.3    58.9    +      -       -      +
    128E  LEU*     3.0    13.9    +      -       +      +
    129E  PHE*     2.7    50.3    +      -       +      +
    175F  ARG*     4.8     1.8    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 126 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    122E  GLN*     3.1    30.2    +      -       -      +
    123E  GLY*     3.6     8.1    -      -       -      +
    125E  ILE*     1.3    74.8    -      -       -      +
    127E  GLN*     1.3    53.3    +      -       +      +
    129E  PHE*     2.7     7.1    +      -       -      +
    130E  GLU*     2.7    43.5    +      -       +      +
    175F  ARG*     3.1    69.4    +      -       -      +
    176F  SER*     4.7     2.8    -      -       -      +
    177F  GLU*     5.0     0.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 127 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     67E  GLU*     5.8     2.9    -      -       -      +
    123E  GLY*     2.7    40.1    +      -       -      +
    124E  ARG*     3.5    10.2    -      -       -      +
    126E  ASN*     1.3    71.4    -      -       +      +
    128E  LEU*     1.3    57.1    +      -       -      +
    130E  GLU*     3.9    10.2    -      -       +      +
    131E  ARG*     3.3    25.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 128 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     63E  ILE*     5.5     2.7    -      -       +      +
     66E  ILE*     3.7    31.9    -      -       +      +
     67E  GLU*     4.0    35.6    +      -       +      +
     70E  LEU*     4.6     4.0    -      -       +      -
     71E  ILE*     3.7    28.3    -      -       +      -
    109E  LEU*     4.8     9.4    -      -       +      -
    124E  ARG      2.8    13.9    +      -       -      +
    125E  ILE*     3.2    15.5    -      -       +      +
    127E  GLN*     1.3    74.9    -      -       -      +
    129E  PHE*     1.3    52.9    +      -       +      +
    130E  GLU      2.9     4.0    -      -       -      -
    131E  ARG*     2.8    10.2    +      -       -      +
    132E  ILE*     2.8    51.5    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 129 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     95E  LEU*     6.0     2.0    -      -       +      -
    109E  LEU*     3.6    36.1    -      -       +      -
    110E  THR*     5.6     1.8    -      -       -      -
    125E  ILE*     2.7    37.0    +      -       +      -
    126E  ASN      2.7     7.8    +      -       -      +
    128E  LEU*     1.3    72.6    -      -       +      +
    130E  GLU*     1.3    57.0    +      -       -      +
    132E  ILE*     3.9    16.4    -      -       +      -
    133E  GLU*     3.2    27.4    +      -       -      +
    163E  LEU*     3.4    28.2    -      -       +      +
    167E  GLU*     3.3    38.6    -      -       +      -
    170E  LEU*     4.9    13.2    -      -       +      -
    172F  ARG*     4.9     0.3    +      -       -      -
    175F  ARG*     3.3    36.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 130 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    126E  ASN*     2.7    30.1    +      -       +      +
    127E  GLN*     4.1     8.7    -      -       -      +
    129E  PHE*     1.3    73.8    -      -       -      +
    131E  ARG*     1.3    63.2    +      -       -      +
    132E  ILE      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
    133E  GLU*     4.1    10.0    -      -       -      +
    134E  ALA*     3.4    19.4    +      -       -      +
    137E  ARG*     3.8     9.4    +      -       -      +
    172F  ARG*     4.2     2.8    +      -       -      -
    175F  ARG*     3.8    17.7    +      -       -      -
    180F  TYR*     3.5    34.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 131 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     67E  GLU*     3.2    43.9    +      -       -      +
     71E  ILE*     4.1    30.1    -      -       +      +
    127E  GLN      3.3    18.9    +      -       -      +
    128E  LEU*     2.8     8.4    +      -       -      +
    130E  GLU*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
    132E  ILE*     1.3    59.7    +      -       -      +
    134E  ALA*     3.4     5.5    +      -       +      +
    135E  GLN*     3.0    50.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 132 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     70E  LEU*     4.4    18.8    -      -       +      -
     71E  ILE*     4.3    16.8    -      -       +      -
     74E  ILE*     4.4    10.1    -      -       +      -
     91E  ILE*     5.1     2.5    -      -       +      -
     95E  LEU*     3.9    32.8    -      -       +      -
    128E  LEU*     2.8    39.0    +      -       +      +
    129E  PHE*     4.0    23.3    -      -       +      +
    131E  ARG*     1.3    73.1    -      -       -      +
    133E  GLU*     1.3    61.9    +      -       -      +
    134E  ALA      3.0     4.5    -      -       -      -
    135E  GLN*     3.2    10.3    +      -       -      +
    136E  LEU*     3.1    28.7    +      -       +      +
    163E  LEU*     4.1    11.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 133 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    129E  PHE      3.2    16.2    +      -       -      +
    130E  GLU*     4.5     6.4    -      -       -      +
    131E  ARG      3.5     0.2    -      -       -      -
    132E  ILE*     1.3    78.8    -      -       -      +
    134E  ALA*     1.3    57.5    +      -       -      +
    136E  LEU*     3.5     8.4    -      -       -      +
    137E  ARG*     2.6    58.6    +      -       -      +
    156E  THR*     4.0    10.9    -      -       -      +
    159E  ALA*     3.7    22.3    -      -       +      +
    160E  SER*     4.0    17.0    +      -       -      -
    163E  LEU*     4.1    10.1    -      -       +      +
    172F  ARG*     2.4    35.2    +      -       -      +
    180F  TYR*     3.5    14.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 134 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    130E  GLU      3.4    17.6    +      -       -      +
    131E  ARG*     3.4     9.2    +      -       +      +
    132E  ILE      3.0     0.6    -      -       -      -
    133E  GLU*     1.3    76.5    -      -       -      +
    135E  GLN*     1.3    67.4    +      -       -      +
    136E  LEU      3.1     1.1    -      -       -      -
    137E  ARG*     3.3    23.7    +      -       -      +
    138E  GLN*     3.1    26.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 135 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     71E  ILE*     5.0     4.7    -      -       +      +
     74E  ILE*     3.2    50.3    -      -       +      +
     75E  ASN*     4.0    12.1    +      -       -      +
     91E  ILE*     5.5     3.8    -      -       +      -
    131E  ARG*     3.0    49.6    +      -       +      +
    132E  ILE*     3.4     6.7    -      -       +      +
    134E  ALA*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
    136E  LEU*     1.3    59.0    +      -       +      +
    138E  GLN*     3.4     9.8    -      -       -      +
    139E  VAL*     3.1    31.5    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 136 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     88E  LEU*     3.7    20.9    -      -       +      -
     91E  ILE*     3.6    42.0    -      -       +      -
     92E  VAL*     5.7     0.2    -      -       +      -
     95E  LEU*     5.8     1.3    -      -       +      -
    132E  ILE*     3.1    20.0    +      -       +      +
    133E  GLU*     3.5    10.8    -      -       -      +
    134E  ALA      3.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
    135E  GLN*     1.3    73.4    -      -       -      +
    137E  ARG*     1.3    68.1    +      -       -      +
    138E  GLN      3.1     1.9    +      -       -      -
    139E  VAL*     3.3    11.6    +      -       -      +
    140E  MET*     3.2    21.9    +      -       +      +
    159E  ALA*     3.9    22.7    -      -       +      +
    162E  ILE*     3.8    28.7    -      -       +      -
    163E  LEU*     4.4    12.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 137 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    130E  GLU*     3.8    11.1    +      -       -      +
    133E  GLU*     2.6    53.7    +      -       -      +
    134E  ALA*     3.3    39.4    +      -       -      +
    136E  LEU*     1.3    73.9    -      -       -      +
    138E  GLN*     1.3    55.6    +      -       -      +
    140E  MET*     3.8     3.2    -      -       -      +
    141E  ARG*     2.8    39.4    +      -       +      +
    155E  GLU*     4.4     8.0    -      -       +      +
    156E  THR*     3.6    37.7    -      -       -      +
    159E  ALA*     4.1    12.1    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 138 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     78E  LEU*     6.4     2.5    -      -       +      -
    134E  ALA      3.1    11.3    +      -       -      +
    135E  GLN*     3.4    14.6    -      -       -      +
    137E  ARG*     1.3    79.2    -      -       -      +
    139E  VAL*     1.3    66.8    +      -       +      +
    140E  MET      3.0     0.3    +      -       -      -
    141E  ARG*     3.0    15.6    +      -       -      +
    142E  GLU*     2.8    58.0    +      -       -      +
    145E  MET*     5.7     0.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 139 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     74E  ILE*     6.4     0.7    -      -       +      -
     78E  LEU*     6.6     0.2    -      -       +      -
     84E  THR*     3.5    34.7    -      -       -      +
     87E  ARG*     3.6    40.7    +      -       +      +
     88E  LEU*     3.7    16.6    -      -       +      -
     91E  ILE*     3.6    25.4    -      -       +      -
    135E  GLN*     3.1    17.7    +      -       +      +
    136E  LEU*     3.3     6.5    +      -       -      +
    138E  GLN*     1.3    77.1    -      -       +      +
    140E  MET*     1.3    59.7    +      -       -      +
    142E  GLU*     3.8    11.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 140 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     84E  THR*     4.9     1.6    -      -       -      +
     88E  LEU*     4.2    17.0    -      -       +      -
    136E  LEU*     3.2    27.2    +      -       +      +
    137E  ARG*     4.2     1.1    -      -       -      +
    138E  GLN      3.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
    139E  VAL*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
    141E  ARG*     1.3    67.0    +      -       -      +
    142E  GLU      3.1     1.3    -      -       -      -
    143E  LYS*     3.1    21.3    +      -       -      +
    144E  ARG      4.9     0.2    +      -       -      -
    151E  TYR*     3.2    42.0    -      -       +      +
    155E  GLU*     4.0    26.3    -      -       +      +
    158E  LEU*     4.1    13.7    -      -       +      -
    159E  ALA*     4.0     9.4    -      -       -      +
    162E  ILE*     3.7    32.3    -      -       +      -
    197E  LEU*     4.0    10.3    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 141 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    137E  ARG*     2.8    23.3    +      -       +      +
    138E  GLN*     3.0    19.9    +      -       -      +
    140E  MET*     1.3    77.7    -      -       -      +
    142E  GLU*     1.3    58.0    +      -       +      +
    143E  LYS      3.1     4.4    +      -       -      -
    144E  ARG*     4.2     7.4    +      -       -      +
    145E  MET*     4.8     5.3    +      -       +      +
    155E  GLU*     3.5    31.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 142 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     78E  LEU*     4.5    11.8    -      -       -      +
     84E  THR*     5.0     0.2    -      -       -      -
     87E  ARG*     2.7    32.3    +      -       -      +
    138E  GLN*     2.8    40.7    +      -       -      +
    139E  VAL      3.8     7.6    -      -       -      +
    140E  MET      3.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
    141E  ARG*     1.3    76.2    -      -       +      +
    143E  LYS*     1.3    63.2    +      -       -      +
    144E  ARG      3.5     0.7    -      -       -      -
    145E  MET*     3.1    36.9    -      -       +      +
    146E  ARG*     3.0    40.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il