Contacts of the helix formed by residues 218 - 239 (chain D) in PDB entry 5M8L


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with PRO 218 (chain D).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    217D  GLY*     1.3    85.0    -      -       -      +
    219D  ALA*     1.3    58.9    +      -       -      +
    220D  PHE      3.1     2.7    +      -       -      -
    221D  LEU      4.1     1.9    +      -       -      -
    222D  THR*     4.2     1.2    -      -       -      +
    342D  PHE*     3.6    20.7    -      -       +      -
    343D  ASP*     3.3    23.8    -      -       +      +
    347D  PHE*     3.8    16.8    -      -       +      +
    356D  ARG*     4.0     7.1    -      -       +      +
    425D  PHE*     3.5    30.2    -      -       +      -
    426D  PRO*     3.8    25.1    -      -       +      -
    430D  ALA*     4.4     0.9    -      -       +      -
    434D  HIS*     3.6    27.8    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 219 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    213D  PHE      4.5     5.2    -      -       -      +
    214D  SER      4.4     0.4    -      -       -      -
    218D  PRO*     1.3    78.9    -      -       -      +
    220D  PHE*     1.3    58.0    +      -       -      +
    221D  LEU      3.4     0.7    -      -       -      -
    222D  THR*     3.5     9.6    -      -       -      -
    223D  TRP*     2.8    34.7    +      -       +      +
    425D  PHE*     3.9     1.5    -      -       -      -
    433D  GLY      3.9     5.2    -      -       -      +
    434D  HIS*     3.0    30.6    +      -       +      +
    440D  MET*     5.5     0.4    -      -       +      -
    449D  ASN*     3.3    28.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 220 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    214D  SER      3.1    25.3    +      -       -      +
    215D  HIS*     3.9     9.2    -      +       -      -
    217D  GLY      3.2     9.9    +      -       -      +
    218D  PRO      3.1     2.0    -      -       -      -
    219D  ALA*     1.3    77.5    -      -       -      +
    221D  LEU*     1.3    93.8    +      -       +      +
    224D  HIS*     3.0    50.2    +      +       +      +
    356D  ARG*     4.0     3.6    -      -       -      -
    360D  GLU*     3.5    52.9    -      -       +      +
    377D  HIS*     3.6    45.8    -      +       -      -
    404D  HIS*     3.9     6.3    -      +       -      -
    407D  THR*     4.3     4.7    -      -       +      -
    434D  HIS*     4.1     1.0    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 221 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    218D  PRO      4.1     2.2    +      -       -      -
    220D  PHE*     1.3   106.4    -      -       +      +
    222D  THR*     1.3    58.3    +      -       -      +
    224D  HIS*     3.7     3.0    +      -       +      +
    225D  ARG*     3.0    27.5    +      -       -      +
    342D  PHE*     3.8    16.8    -      -       +      -
    355D  PHE*     3.8    21.3    -      -       +      -
    356D  ARG*     4.3     7.8    -      -       +      +
    359D  VAL*     3.8    15.3    -      -       +      -
    407D  THR*     3.8    21.8    -      -       +      +
    408D  ASP*     4.4     2.1    -      -       -      +
    411D  PHE*     3.6    50.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 222 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    218D  PRO      4.2     0.4    +      -       -      +
    219D  ALA*     3.3    16.2    -      -       -      +
    221D  LEU*     1.3    78.0    -      -       -      +
    223D  TRP*     1.3    65.7    +      -       -      +
    225D  ARG*     3.5     7.6    +      -       -      +
    226D  TYR      3.2    15.9    +      -       -      -
    342D  PHE*     6.1     0.7    -      -       -      -
    411D  PHE*     4.5    10.8    -      -       -      -
    425D  PHE*     4.1    11.7    -      -       +      -
    440D  MET*     3.4     9.0    -      -       -      +
    449D  ASN*     2.9    61.3    +      -       +      +
    452D  MET*     3.0    21.7    -      -       -      +
    453D  PHE*     4.2     1.1    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 223 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    191D  THR      3.7     7.0    -      -       -      -
    192D  HIS*     3.7    33.7    -      +       -      -
    195D  SER*     3.5    17.3    -      -       -      -
    213D  PHE      3.8    10.9    +      -       -      -
    214D  SER*     3.4    26.1    -      -       -      -
    219D  ALA*     2.8    23.2    +      -       +      +
    220D  PHE      3.9     3.1    -      -       -      +
    222D  THR*     1.3    77.1    -      -       -      +
    224D  HIS*     1.3    72.2    +      +       -      +
    226D  TYR*     3.3     3.3    +      -       -      -
    227D  HIS*     3.0    55.6    +      +       -      -
    440D  MET*     3.7    29.2    -      -       +      -
    441D  VAL      2.8    28.8    +      -       -      -
    443D  PHE*     3.5    24.9    -      +       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 224 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    192D  HIS*     3.3     3.1    +      +       -      -
    214D  SER      3.6    11.1    +      -       -      -
    215D  HIS*     3.2    20.9    -      +       -      -
    220D  PHE*     3.0    31.5    +      +       +      +
    221D  LEU*     4.3     3.1    -      -       -      +
    223D  TRP*     1.3    93.7    -      +       -      +
    225D  ARG*     1.3    64.2    +      -       -      +
    227D  HIS*     3.4     4.6    +      -       -      +
    228D  LEU*     3.2    30.4    +      -       +      +
    400D  PHE*     3.8    13.7    -      +       -      -
    404D  HIS*     3.0    38.1    -      +       +      +
    408D  ASP*     5.9     0.4    -      -       -      -
    518D   ZN      1.8    37.9    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 225 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    130D  ARG*     5.5     0.7    +      -       -      -
    221D  LEU      3.0    17.1    +      -       -      +
    222D  THR*     3.6     6.1    -      -       -      +
    223D  TRP      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    224D  HIS*     1.3    74.3    -      -       -      +
    226D  TYR*     1.3    65.9    +      -       -      +
    228D  LEU*     3.2     6.7    +      -       -      +
    229D  LEU*     3.1    20.5    +      -       +      +
    408D  ASP*     2.7    40.4    +      -       -      +
    411D  PHE*     3.6    18.5    -      -       -      -
    412D  ASP*     3.0    37.6    +      -       -      +
    415D  LEU*     3.6     5.1    -      -       -      +
    452D  MET*     3.0    41.1    +      -       -      -
    454D  VAL      2.7    27.7    +      -       -      -
    456D  ALA*     4.0     1.5    -      -       -      +
    460D  LEU*     4.0    10.7    -      -       +      +
    462D  TYR*     3.2    20.1    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 226 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    115D  PRO*     6.4     1.3    -      -       +      -
    222D  THR      3.2     4.0    +      -       -      -
    223D  TRP      3.3     4.2    +      -       -      +
    225D  ARG*     1.3    79.6    -      -       -      +
    227D  HIS*     1.3    62.3    +      -       -      +
    229D  LEU*     3.1    13.3    +      -       +      +
    230D  ARG*     2.9    48.1    +      -       +      +
    440D  MET*     3.6    24.2    -      -       +      -
    443D  PHE*     3.4    46.2    -      +       +      -
    444D  TRP      4.0    15.8    +      -       -      -
    445D  PRO*     4.9     3.6    +      -       -      +
    447D  VAL*     3.9    23.8    -      -       +      +
    452D  MET*     4.0    26.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 227 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    188D  PHE*     2.7    75.1    +      +       -      -
    191D  THR*     3.4    18.0    +      -       -      -
    192D  HIS*     4.0    10.5    -      +       +      -
    223D  TRP*     3.0    42.0    +      +       +      +
    224D  HIS*     3.4    13.8    +      -       -      +
    226D  TYR*     1.3    76.3    -      -       -      +
    228D  LEU*     1.3    61.6    +      -       -      +
    230D  ARG*     3.5     4.5    +      -       +      +
    231D  LEU      3.2    15.9    +      -       -      -
    395D  PRO*     4.6     0.4    -      -       +      -
    400D  PHE*     3.8    19.1    -      +       -      -
    443D  PHE*     3.9    12.0    -      +       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 228 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    130D  ARG*     4.4    11.7    -      -       -      +
    188D  PHE*     4.7    11.4    -      -       +      -
    224D  HIS      3.2    17.1    +      -       -      +
    225D  ARG*     3.6     6.1    -      -       -      +
    226D  TYR      3.2     0.8    -      -       -      -
    227D  HIS*     1.3    75.2    -      -       +      +
    229D  LEU*     1.3    60.3    +      -       -      +
    231D  LEU*     3.2     2.9    +      -       -      -
    232D  GLU*     2.8    31.5    +      -       -      +
    246D  LEU*     3.6    18.5    -      -       +      +
    400D  PHE*     5.7     0.4    -      -       +      -
    401D  VAL*     3.7    20.0    -      -       +      +
    404D  HIS*     3.5    38.4    -      -       +      +
    405D  THR*     3.7    25.8    -      -       +      +
    408D  ASP*     4.1    12.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 229 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    115D  PRO*     3.9    30.5    -      -       +      -
    130D  ARG*     4.0     2.8    -      -       -      +
    225D  ARG*     3.1    13.6    +      -       +      +
    226D  TYR*     3.6    17.5    -      -       +      +
    228D  LEU*     1.3    75.7    -      -       -      +
    230D  ARG*     1.3    56.2    +      -       -      +
    232D  GLU*     3.8    16.6    -      -       -      +
    233D  LYS*     3.0    29.6    +      -       -      +
    452D  MET*     4.3    25.1    -      -       +      -
    460D  LEU*     4.4    15.9    -      -       +      +
    462D  TYR*     3.9    29.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 230 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    156D  HIS*     4.9     0.6    -      -       -      -
    158D  LEU*     4.5    10.9    -      -       -      +
    159D  PHE*     3.6    35.2    -      -       -      -
    187D  TYR*     4.1    18.4    -      -       +      +
    226D  TYR*     2.9    45.4    +      -       +      +
    227D  HIS*     3.7     7.2    -      -       +      +
    229D  LEU*     1.3    73.9    -      -       -      +
    231D  LEU*     1.3    60.4    +      -       -      +
    233D  LYS*     3.2    21.3    +      -       -      +
    234D  ASP*     2.9    66.6    +      -       -      +
    237D  GLU*     5.4     3.4    +      -       -      -
    443D  PHE*     5.2     4.9    -      -       +      -
    444D  TRP      3.8    10.6    +      -       -      -
    445D  PRO*     5.0     4.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 231 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    148D  LEU*     5.1     0.9    -      -       +      -
    151D  ALA*     5.1     0.2    -      -       +      -
    184D  ILE*     4.3    16.2    -      -       +      +
    185D  TYR*     4.3    20.4    -      -       +      -
    188D  PHE*     3.5    45.5    -      -       +      -
    227D  HIS      3.2     5.1    +      -       -      +
    228D  LEU      3.7     5.8    -      -       -      +
    230D  ARG*     1.3    79.4    -      -       -      +
    232D  GLU*     1.3    62.5    +      -       -      +
    234D  ASP*     3.3     6.4    +      -       -      +
    235D  MET*     2.9    49.4    +      -       +      +
    246D  LEU*     4.2     7.0    -      -       +      -
    401D  VAL*     3.9    32.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 232 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    128D  ILE*     3.6    21.1    -      -       -      +
    130D  ARG*     2.8    36.0    +      -       -      -
    228D  LEU      2.8    21.4    +      -       -      +
    229D  LEU*     3.8    14.3    -      -       +      +
    231D  LEU*     1.3    73.4    -      -       -      +
    233D  LYS*     1.3    56.7    +      -       -      +
    235D  MET*     3.3     4.4    +      -       -      +
    236D  GLN*     2.9    46.3    +      -       -      +
    244D  PHE*     3.9     8.0    -      -       +      +
    245D  SER*     3.2     5.2    -      -       -      -
    246D  LEU*     2.7    43.8    +      -       +      +
    462D  TYR*     4.8     1.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 233 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    112D  THR*     2.9    34.9    +      -       -      +
    113D  CYS*     4.5    10.1    +      -       -      +
    117D  TRP      6.0     0.4    +      -       -      -
    229D  LEU      3.0    17.9    +      -       -      +
    230D  ARG*     3.2    24.4    +      -       -      +
    232D  GLU*     1.3    73.1    -      -       -      +
    234D  ASP*     1.3    67.4    +      -       -      +
    236D  GLN*     3.3    20.8    +      -       +      +
    237D  GLU*     3.1    49.3    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 234 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    156D  HIS*     2.8    33.9    +      -       -      +
    157D  PRO*     6.4     0.2    -      -       +      -
    184D  ILE*     3.9    24.9    -      -       +      +
    187D  TYR*     4.4     4.0    -      -       -      -
    230D  ARG*     2.9    56.9    +      -       -      +
    231D  LEU*     3.7     6.6    -      -       -      +
    233D  LYS*     1.3    75.5    -      -       -      +
    235D  MET*     1.3    58.5    +      -       -      +
    237D  GLU*     3.4     9.3    +      -       -      +
    238D  MET*     2.9    29.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 235 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    144D  PHE*     5.3     0.7    -      -       +      -
    147D  ALA*     3.7    33.9    -      -       +      +
    148D  LEU*     3.8    19.1    -      -       +      +
    151D  ALA*     4.2    13.5    -      -       +      -
    184D  ILE*     4.7     1.6    -      -       +      -
    231D  LEU*     2.9    47.7    +      -       +      +
    232D  GLU      3.9     1.3    -      -       -      +
    234D  ASP*     1.3    76.2    -      -       -      +
    236D  GLN*     1.3    65.4    -      -       -      +
    238D  MET*     4.2     8.7    -      -       +      -
    239D  LEU*     2.9    33.9    +      -       +      +
    244D  PHE*     3.6    38.6    -      -       +      -
    246D  LEU*     4.1     9.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 236 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    128D  ILE*     3.5    20.2    -      -       -      +
    232D  GLU*     2.9    28.6    +      -       -      +
    233D  LYS*     3.3    22.4    +      -       +      +
    235D  MET*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
    237D  GLU*     1.3    59.1    +      -       +      +
    240D  GLN*     3.1     7.3    +      -       -      -
    241D  GLU      2.9    48.0    +      -       -      +
    242D  PRO*     3.5    19.4    +      -       +      +
    244D  PHE*     2.9    33.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 237 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    112D  THR*     4.4     5.0    +      -       -      +
    157D  PRO*     5.7     6.4    -      -       +      +
    230D  ARG*     5.4     3.0    +      -       -      -
    233D  LYS*     3.1    53.6    +      -       +      +
    234D  ASP*     3.9     8.5    -      -       -      +
    236D  GLN*     1.3    76.3    -      -       +      +
    238D  MET*     1.3    67.3    +      -       -      +
    240D  GLN*     3.2    17.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 238 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    147D  ALA      3.7    21.5    -      -       -      +
    150D  MET*     3.7    36.8    -      -       +      +
    151D  ALA*     3.5    33.0    -      -       +      +
    154D  THR*     4.0     8.7    -      -       +      +
    184D  ILE*     3.7    21.5    -      -       +      -
    234D  ASP      2.9    18.3    +      -       -      +
    235D  MET*     3.8    12.1    -      -       +      +
    237D  GLU*     1.3    78.2    -      -       -      +
    239D  LEU*     1.3    83.4    +      -       +      +
    240D  GLN*     3.5     2.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 239 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    203B  VAL*     4.4     9.7    -      -       -      +
    143D  HIS*     4.3    14.6    -      -       +      +
    147D  ALA*     3.9    26.0    -      -       +      -
    150D  MET*     4.4    11.7    -      -       -      -
    235D  MET*     2.9    22.6    +      -       +      +
    238D  MET*     1.3    89.9    -      -       +      +
    240D  GLN*     1.3    68.5    +      -       -      +
    241D  GLU*     3.1    21.4    +      -       +      +
    244D  PHE*     3.5    42.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il