Contacts of the helix formed by residues 1964 - 1987 (chain B) in PDB entry 5NUG


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with GLU1964 (chain B).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1934B  GLU*     3.0    48.5    -      -       +      +
   1936B  PHE      5.2     2.0    -      -       -      -
   1962B  ARG*     3.4     4.4    -      -       -      +
   1963B  LEU*     1.3    90.9    -      -       -      +
   1965B  GLU*     1.3    67.3    +      -       -      +
   1966B  ARG*     3.4    32.0    +      -       +      +
   1967B  MET*     4.0    17.5    -      -       -      +
   1968B  LEU*     2.8    16.6    +      -       -      +
   2026B  SER*     4.1    10.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU1965 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1964B  GLU*     1.3    71.1    -      -       -      +
   1966B  ARG*     1.3    67.5    +      -       -      +
   1968B  LEU*     3.3     9.1    +      -       -      +
   1969B  SER*     3.2    14.0    +      -       -      -
   2026B  SER*     3.7    26.5    +      -       -      +
   2027B  ASN*     3.7    34.7    +      -       -      +
   2029B  PRO*     4.5     3.3    -      -       +      +
   4100B  HIS*     5.4     1.1    +      -       -      -
   4101B  LEU*     3.6    37.7    -      -       +      +
   4133B  LYS*     4.8    10.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG1966 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1964B  GLU*     3.2    30.9    +      -       +      +
   1965B  GLU*     1.3    83.0    -      -       -      +
   1967B  MET*     1.3    66.8    +      -       -      +
   1969B  SER*     3.2    10.4    +      -       -      -
   1970B  ALA      3.8     0.2    +      -       -      -
   4072B  GLY*     3.1    45.7    +      -       -      +
   4073B  SER*     5.6     2.2    -      -       -      +
   4077B  PHE*     5.6     5.2    -      -       -      -
   4101B  LEU*     3.9    29.1    -      -       +      +
   4102B  ALA*     5.4     4.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET1967 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1936B  PHE      2.9    29.8    -      -       -      +
   1937B  ASP*     3.1    27.6    -      -       -      +
   1938B  PHE*     3.0    27.8    -      -       +      +
   1941B  MET*     3.5    21.8    -      -       +      -
   1963B  LEU*     3.7    28.9    -      -       +      +
   1964B  GLU*     3.3    18.6    +      -       -      +
   1966B  ARG*     1.3    82.2    -      -       -      +
   1968B  LEU*     1.3    63.0    +      -       -      +
   1970B  ALA*     3.2    12.9    +      -       -      +
   1971B  VAL*     3.3    11.4    +      -       +      +
   4072B  GLY      3.2    11.6    +      -       -      +
   4073B  SER*     5.7     0.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU1968 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1960B  PHE*     3.4    44.2    -      -       +      +
   1961B  ASN      4.6     8.3    -      -       -      +
   1963B  LEU*     3.6    17.2    +      -       +      +
   1964B  GLU      2.8    23.3    +      -       -      +
   1965B  GLU*     3.4     6.5    -      -       -      +
   1966B  ARG      3.2     0.2    +      -       -      -
   1967B  MET*     1.3    70.0    -      -       -      +
   1969B  SER*     1.3    66.4    +      -       -      +
   1971B  VAL*     3.2    17.0    +      -       +      +
   1972B  SER*     3.3    10.6    +      -       -      -
   2026B  SER*     5.3     0.9    -      -       -      -
   2027B  ASN      4.0     9.0    -      -       -      +
   2028B  LEU*     3.6    23.6    -      -       +      -
   2029B  PRO*     3.6    22.0    -      -       +      -
   2032B  LEU*     3.6    13.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER1969 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1965B  GLU      3.2     7.1    +      -       -      -
   1966B  ARG      3.2     8.7    +      -       -      -
   1968B  LEU*     1.3    80.7    -      -       -      +
   1970B  ALA*     1.3    56.8    +      -       -      +
   1972B  SER*     2.2    32.1    +      -       -      -
   2029B  PRO*     4.0    10.7    -      -       -      +
   4070B  ALA*     3.4     8.9    -      -       -      +
   4071B  ILE      2.8    21.9    +      -       -      -
   4098B  ASN*     2.5    38.4    +      -       -      +
   4101B  LEU*     4.0     5.8    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA1970 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1938B  PHE*     3.2    25.0    -      -       +      -
   1966B  ARG      3.8     2.0    +      -       -      -
   1967B  MET      3.2    11.1    +      -       -      +
   1969B  SER*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
   1971B  VAL*     1.3    63.5    +      -       -      +
   1973B  GLN*     3.1    22.8    +      -       -      +
   1974B  GLN      3.7     0.3    +      -       -      -
   4070B  ALA*     4.2    12.8    -      -       -      +
   4071B  ILE      3.9     2.8    +      -       -      -
   4072B  GLY      4.2     0.9    -      -       -      -
   4073B  SER*     3.2    39.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL1971 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1938B  PHE*     3.8    17.9    -      -       +      -
   1941B  MET*     3.8    39.0    -      -       +      -
   1945B  PHE*     4.1     4.9    -      -       +      -
   1960B  PHE*     4.0    25.6    -      -       +      -
   1963B  LEU*     5.0     2.2    -      -       +      -
   1967B  MET*     3.7    17.7    -      -       +      +
   1968B  LEU*     3.2    13.7    +      -       -      +
   1970B  ALA*     1.3    76.3    -      -       -      +
   1972B  SER*     1.3    56.3    +      -       -      +
   1974B  GLN*     3.2     5.6    +      -       -      +
   1975B  VAL*     2.9    39.1    +      -       +      +
   2032B  LEU*     5.1     2.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER1972 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1968B  LEU      3.3     3.2    +      -       -      -
   1969B  SER*     2.2    28.0    +      -       -      -
   1971B  VAL*     1.3    78.1    -      -       -      +
   1973B  GLN*     1.3    67.9    +      -       -      +
   1975B  VAL*     3.2     1.3    +      -       -      -
   1976B  GLN*     2.9    22.1    +      -       -      +
   2031B  ASN*     2.7    34.9    +      -       -      -
   2032B  LEU*     3.5    28.9    -      -       -      +
   2035B  LEU*     3.2    16.7    -      -       -      +
   4070B  ALA*     3.9     2.3    -      -       -      +
   4097B  LYS*     5.9     0.4    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN1973 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1938B  PHE*     3.8    26.7    -      -       -      -
   1970B  ALA*     3.1     9.4    +      -       -      +
   1972B  SER*     1.3    82.7    +      -       -      +
   1974B  GLN*     1.3    59.2    +      -       -      +
   1976B  GLN*     3.2    10.9    +      -       -      +
   1977B  CYS*     2.9    44.7    +      -       -      -
   4068B  SER      4.3    10.7    -      -       -      +
   4069B  ILE*     4.3    14.0    -      -       -      +
   4070B  ALA*     4.1    23.2    +      -       +      +
   4075B  GLU*     4.7     5.1    +      -       -      +
   4076B  GLY*     5.9     2.0    -      -       -      +
   4079B  GLN*     3.3    26.3    +      -       -      +
   4097B  LYS*     5.5     5.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN1974 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1938B  PHE*     3.1    48.3    +      -       +      +
   1941B  MET*     4.1     4.2    -      -       -      +
   1942B  GLY*     3.3    32.2    +      -       -      -
   1945B  PHE*     4.1    10.2    -      -       +      -
   1970B  ALA      3.7     0.6    +      -       -      -
   1971B  VAL*     3.2    10.1    +      -       -      +
   1973B  GLN*     1.3    81.9    -      -       -      +
   1975B  VAL*     1.3    58.4    +      -       -      +
   1977B  CYS*     3.2    10.1    +      -       -      +
   1978B  ILE*     2.9    33.5    +      -       -      +
   2001B  LEU*     3.6    24.0    -      -       +      +
   2002B  LEU*     4.0    23.0    -      -       -      +
   4075B  GLU*     5.1     0.6    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL1975 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1945B  PHE*     4.3    17.9    -      -       +      -
   1971B  VAL*     2.9    30.8    +      -       +      +
   1972B  SER*     3.5     8.1    -      -       -      +
   1974B  GLN*     1.3    75.7    -      -       -      +
   1976B  GLN*     1.3    56.1    +      -       -      +
   1978B  ILE*     3.2     9.1    +      -       +      +
   1979B  GLN*     2.9    48.7    +      -       +      +
   2014B  ILE*     4.7     9.0    -      -       +      -
   2035B  LEU*     3.7    28.3    -      -       +      -
   2036B  PHE*     4.0    27.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN1976 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1972B  SER      2.9    12.0    +      -       -      +
   1973B  GLN*     3.3    11.7    -      -       -      +
   1975B  VAL*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
   1977B  CYS*     1.3    64.0    +      -       -      +
   1979B  GLN*     3.3     4.1    +      -       -      +
   1980B  GLU*     3.1    46.9    +      -       +      +
   2031B  ASN*     5.1     4.6    +      -       -      +
   2035B  LEU*     3.8    30.2    -      -       +      +
   4056B  GLU*     5.1     9.8    -      -       -      +
   4068B  SER*     4.5    12.0    +      -       -      -
   4097B  LYS*     3.6    28.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with CYS1977 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1973B  GLN*     2.9    39.0    +      -       -      -
   1974B  GLN*     3.2    10.7    +      -       -      +
   1976B  GLN*     1.3    77.6    -      -       -      +
   1978B  ILE*     1.3    62.1    +      -       -      +
   1980B  GLU*     3.7    16.4    +      -       -      +
   1981B  ALA      3.7     0.2    +      -       -      -
   1999B  CYS*     3.3    30.5    -      -       +      -
   2000B  GLU*     3.8    27.8    -      -       -      +
   2001B  LEU*     5.2     2.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE1978 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1945B  PHE*     3.7    45.8    -      -       +      -
   1949B  CYS*     4.0    10.1    -      -       -      -
   1974B  GLN      2.9    17.6    +      -       -      +
   1975B  VAL*     3.2    10.7    +      -       -      +
   1977B  CYS*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
   1979B  GLN*     1.3    63.8    +      -       -      +
   1981B  ALA*     3.2    23.1    +      -       -      +
   1982B  LEU*     3.5     9.3    +      -       +      +
   1999B  CYS*     4.9     3.6    -      -       +      -
   2001B  LEU*     3.7    23.3    -      -       +      -
   2008B  VAL*     4.6     2.6    -      -       +      +
   2012B  MET*     3.2    27.1    -      -       +      -
   2014B  ILE*     3.7    19.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN1979 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1899B  ARG*     3.0    29.7    -      -       -      +
   1900B  LEU*     3.2    12.2    -      -       +      +
   1901B  GLY*     3.2    26.9    -      -       -      +
   1975B  VAL*     2.9    41.8    +      -       +      +
   1976B  GLN*     3.3     6.3    +      -       -      +
   1978B  ILE*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
   1980B  GLU*     1.3    65.4    +      -       +      +
   1982B  LEU*     3.2    13.0    +      -       -      +
   1983B  ARG*     3.0    28.6    +      -       -      +
   2014B  ILE*     4.4    15.9    -      -       +      +
   2035B  LEU*     3.2    20.7    +      -       +      +
   2036B  PHE*     5.8     0.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU1980 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1976B  GLN*     3.1    42.7    +      -       +      +
   1977B  CYS*     3.8    10.6    +      -       -      +
   1979B  GLN*     1.3    77.8    -      -       -      +
   1981B  ALA*     1.3    57.1    +      -       -      +
   1983B  ARG*     3.2    14.3    +      -       -      +
   1984B  GLU*     2.9    42.2    +      -       -      +
   1999B  CYS*     5.0     3.2    -      -       -      -
   4056B  GLU*     5.6     1.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA1981 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1977B  CYS      3.7     1.6    +      -       -      -
   1978B  ILE      3.2    11.5    +      -       -      +
   1980B  GLU*     1.3    78.5    -      -       -      +
   1982B  LEU*     1.3    58.0    +      -       -      +
   1984B  GLU*     3.2     7.5    +      -       -      +
   1985B  HIS*     2.9    28.8    +      -       -      +
   1997B  ILE*     3.8    21.8    -      -       +      +
   1999B  CYS*     3.0    30.4    -      -       -      -
   2008B  VAL*     4.0    20.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU1982 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1899B  ARG*     3.6    43.4    +      -       +      +
   1978B  ILE*     3.5    13.0    -      -       +      +
   1979B  GLN*     3.2    17.4    +      -       -      +
   1981B  ALA*     1.3    78.3    -      -       -      +
   1983B  ARG*     1.3    57.6    +      -       -      +
   1985B  HIS*     3.2     8.3    +      -       +      +
   1986B  SER*     2.9    24.6    +      -       -      -
   2008B  VAL*     3.4    31.2    -      -       +      -
   2010B  PRO*     3.4    35.9    -      -       +      +
   2012B  MET*     3.7    23.1    -      -       +      +
   2014B  ILE*     6.5     0.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG1983 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1898B  ALA      4.5     8.7    +      -       -      +
   1899B  ARG*     3.7    29.2    -      -       +      -
   1900B  LEU*     5.6     7.7    -      -       -      +
   1979B  GLN*     3.0    23.0    +      -       -      +
   1980B  GLU*     3.2    13.9    +      -       -      +
   1982B  LEU*     1.3    74.3    -      -       -      +
   1984B  GLU*     1.3    63.4    +      -       +      +
   1986B  SER*     3.2     6.9    +      -       -      -
   1987B  ASN*     3.0    19.8    +      -       -      +
   4217B  ASP*     5.0     9.5    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU1984 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1980B  GLU*     2.9    28.1    +      -       -      +
   1981B  ALA*     3.4    11.6    +      -       -      +
   1983B  ARG*     1.3    76.4    -      -       +      +
   1985B  HIS*     1.3    63.8    +      -       -      +
   1987B  ASN*     3.2    22.1    +      -       -      +
   1997B  ILE*     4.1    18.7    -      -       +      +
   1998B  THR      5.3     1.6    -      -       -      +
   1999B  CYS*     5.2     4.4    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS1985 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1899B  ARG*     4.8     5.1    +      -       -      +
   1981B  ALA      2.9     9.8    +      -       -      +
   1982B  LEU*     3.3    12.8    -      -       -      +
   1984B  GLU*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
   1986B  SER*     1.3    64.3    +      -       -      +
   1987B  ASN*     3.4     4.7    +      -       -      +
   1997B  ILE*     3.3    31.5    -      -       +      +
   2008B  VAL      4.6     8.5    -      -       -      -
   2010B  PRO*     3.7    47.1    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER1986 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1897B  GLU      5.0     2.1    +      -       -      -
   1899B  ARG*     3.5    35.6    +      -       -      +
   1982B  LEU      2.9    12.7    +      -       -      -
   1983B  ARG*     3.3    12.3    -      -       -      -
   1985B  HIS*     1.3    77.4    -      -       -      +
   1987B  ASN*     1.3    68.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN1987 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
   1983B  ARG      3.0    12.6    +      -       -      +
   1984B  GLU*     3.2    15.3    +      -       -      +
   1985B  HIS      3.9     4.3    -      -       -      +
   1986B  SER*     1.3    84.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il