Contacts of the helix formed by residues 88 - 119 (chain L) in PDB entry 6AH0


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with PRO 88 (chain L).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     86L  ALA*     3.2     5.7    -      -       -      +
     87L  ALA*     1.3    78.6    -      -       -      +
     89L  GLU*     1.3    65.7    +      -       -      +
     90L  TYR      3.1     3.7    +      -       -      -
     91L  ARG*     3.3    12.2    +      -       -      -
     92L  VAL      3.8     5.0    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 89 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     87L  ALA      3.3     4.4    +      -       -      -
     88L  PRO*     1.3    71.5    -      -       -      +
     90L  TYR*     1.3    63.4    +      -       -      +
     92L  VAL*     3.0    14.5    +      -       -      +
     93L  ILE*     3.1    10.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 90 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     88L  PRO      3.1     1.6    -      -       -      -
     89L  GLU*     1.3    77.4    -      -       -      +
     91L  ARG*     1.3    56.1    +      -       -      +
     93L  ILE*     3.2     2.8    +      -       -      +
     94L  VAL*     2.8    27.9    +      -       -      -
    233L  GLY*     6.2     0.3    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 91 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     88L  PRO      3.3     7.8    +      -       -      -
     89L  GLU      3.2     1.0    -      -       -      -
     90L  TYR*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
     92L  VAL*     1.3    63.1    +      -       -      +
     94L  VAL*     3.9     1.7    -      -       -      +
     95L  ASP*     3.1    19.2    +      -       -      -
    233L  GLY*     6.6     0.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 92 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     88L  PRO      3.8     4.6    +      -       -      -
     89L  GLU*     3.0    10.5    +      -       -      +
     91L  ARG*     1.3    75.5    -      -       -      +
     93L  ILE*     1.3    56.4    +      -       -      +
     95L  ASP*     3.2     2.8    +      -       -      -
     96L  ALA*     2.9    25.6    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 93 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     89L  GLU      3.1    11.6    +      -       -      -
     90L  TYR*     3.2     2.9    +      -       -      +
     92L  VAL*     1.3    71.1    -      -       -      +
     94L  VAL*     1.3    61.5    +      -       -      +
     96L  ALA*     4.3     1.8    -      -       -      +
     97L  ASN*     2.8    28.9    +      -       -      -
    208L  VAL*     5.7    10.3    -      -       -      +
    229L  ALA*     6.0     2.0    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 94 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     90L  TYR      2.8    18.9    +      -       -      -
     91L  ARG*     3.9     2.5    -      -       -      +
     93L  ILE*     1.3    72.9    -      -       -      +
     95L  ASP*     1.3    56.5    +      -       -      +
     97L  ASN*     3.2     2.0    +      -       -      +
     98L  ASN*     3.0    22.9    +      -       -      -
    229L  ALA*     4.7    19.4    -      -       -      +
    233L  GLY*     5.7     6.3    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 95 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     91L  ARG      3.1    14.4    +      -       -      -
     92L  VAL*     3.7     2.2    -      -       -      +
     94L  VAL*     1.3    73.5    -      -       -      +
     96L  ALA*     1.3    65.7    +      -       -      +
     98L  ASN*     3.3     2.6    +      -       -      +
     99L  LEU*     3.1    19.1    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 96 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     92L  VAL      2.9    14.9    +      -       -      -
     93L  ILE*     3.7     3.6    -      -       -      +
     95L  ASP*     1.3    77.6    -      -       -      +
     97L  ASN*     1.3    61.1    +      -       -      +
     99L  LEU*     3.3     9.8    +      -       -      +
    100L  THR*     3.4     8.8    +      -       -      -
    204L  ILE*     5.9     5.3    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 97 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     93L  ILE      2.8    20.7    +      -       -      -
     94L  VAL      3.7     2.5    -      -       -      -
     95L  ASP      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
     96L  ALA*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
     98L  ASN*     1.3    59.8    +      -       -      +
    100L  THR*     3.3    11.0    +      -       -      +
    101L  VAL*     3.6     6.2    +      -       -      -
    208L  VAL*     6.2     3.0    -      -       -      +
    226L  SER*     6.4     2.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 98 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     94L  VAL      3.0    13.0    +      -       -      -
     95L  ASP*     3.3     4.2    +      -       -      +
     96L  ALA      3.2     0.6    -      -       -      -
     97L  ASN*     1.3    74.0    -      -       -      +
     99L  LEU*     1.3    65.6    +      -       -      +
    101L  VAL*     2.8    13.8    +      -       -      +
    102L  GLU*     3.1     9.0    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 99 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     95L  ASP      3.1    13.0    +      -       -      -
     96L  ALA*     3.3     4.9    +      -       -      +
     98L  ASN*     1.3    72.3    -      -       -      +
    100L  THR*     1.3    64.1    +      -       -      +
    102L  GLU*     2.9     5.5    +      -       -      +
    103L  ILE*     2.8    22.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 100 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     96L  ALA      3.4     8.5    +      -       -      -
     97L  ASN      3.3     9.9    +      -       -      -
     98L  ASN      3.1     0.8    -      -       -      -
     99L  LEU*     1.3    74.4    -      -       -      +
    101L  VAL*     1.3    55.3    +      -       -      +
    103L  ILE*     3.5     1.9    +      -       -      +
    104L  GLU*     3.0    23.0    +      -       -      -
    201L  LYS*     5.9     9.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 101 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     97L  ASN      3.6     4.4    +      -       -      -
     98L  ASN*     2.8    15.2    +      -       -      +
    100L  THR*     1.3    70.2    -      -       -      +
    102L  GLU*     1.3    64.9    +      -       -      +
    104L  GLU*     3.3     2.1    +      -       -      +
    105L  ASN*     3.0    20.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 102 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     98L  ASN      3.1     7.4    +      -       -      -
     99L  LEU*     2.9     7.6    +      -       -      +
    101L  VAL*     1.3    77.6    -      -       -      +
    103L  ILE*     1.3    55.6    +      -       -      +
    105L  ASN*     3.4     2.2    +      -       -      +
    106L  GLU*     3.1    23.0    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 103 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     99L  LEU      2.8    13.8    +      -       -      -
    100L  THR*     4.0     2.7    -      -       -      +
    102L  GLU*     1.3    73.7    -      -       -      +
    104L  GLU*     1.3    59.1    +      -       -      +
    106L  GLU*     5.2     0.9    -      -       -      +
    107L  LEU*     2.9    27.0    +      -       -      -
    201L  LYS*     6.6     0.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 104 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    100L  THR      3.0    15.0    +      -       -      -
    101L  VAL*     3.3     4.4    +      -       -      +
    103L  ILE*     1.3    77.7    -      -       -      +
    105L  ASN*     1.3    55.7    +      -       -      +
    107L  LEU*     3.4     1.1    +      -       -      +
    108L  ASN*     2.9    26.0    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 105 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    101L  VAL      3.0    14.2    +      -       -      -
    102L  GLU*     3.4     3.8    +      -       -      +
    103L  ILE      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    104L  GLU*     1.3    75.7    -      -       -      +
    106L  GLU*     1.3    60.6    +      -       -      +
    108L  ASN*     3.1     3.9    +      -       -      +
    109L  ILE*     3.0    19.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 106 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    102L  GLU      3.1    14.9    +      -       -      -
    103L  ILE*     4.0     2.0    -      -       -      +
    104L  GLU      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
    105L  ASN*     1.3    74.7    -      -       -      +
    107L  LEU*     1.3    57.4    +      -       -      +
    109L  ILE*     3.2     2.9    +      -       -      +
    110L  ILE*     2.8    26.9    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 107 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    103L  ILE      2.9    17.2    +      -       -      -
    104L  GLU*     3.7     1.8    -      -       -      +
    106L  GLU*     1.3    74.7    -      -       -      +
    108L  ASN*     1.3    63.0    -      -       -      +
    110L  ILE*     3.9     1.1    -      -       -      +
    111L  HIS*     3.0    19.9    +      -       -      -
    194L  ALA*     6.4     2.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 108 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    104L  GLU      2.9    15.1    +      -       -      -
    105L  ASN*     3.1     4.9    +      -       -      +
    107L  LEU*     1.3    75.5    -      -       -      +
    109L  ILE*     1.3    62.8    +      -       -      +
    111L  HIS*     3.2     3.7    +      -       -      +
    112L  LYS*     3.1    18.9    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 109 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    105L  ASN      3.0    12.5    +      -       -      -
    106L  GLU*     3.2     4.2    +      -       -      +
    108L  ASN*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
    110L  ILE*     1.3    61.4    +      -       -      +
    112L  LYS*     3.3     2.8    +      -       -      +
    113L  PHE*     3.0    19.6    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 110 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    106L  GLU      2.8    19.7    +      -       -      -
    107L  LEU*     4.0     2.2    -      -       -      +
    109L  ILE*     1.3    72.1    -      -       -      +
    111L  HIS*     1.3    51.9    +      -       -      +
    113L  PHE*     3.3     2.3    +      -       -      +
    114L  ILE*     2.7    33.8    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 111 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    107L  LEU      3.0    15.4    +      -       -      -
    108L  ASN      3.2     4.0    +      -       -      -
    110L  ILE*     1.3    76.3    -      -       -      +
    112L  LYS*     1.3    51.8    +      -       -      +
    114L  ILE*     3.2     1.6    +      -       -      +
    115L  ARG*     2.8    33.4    +      -       -      -
    132L  ALA*     6.1     5.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 112 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    108L  ASN      3.1    12.8    +      -       -      -
    109L  ILE*     3.7     3.4    -      -       -      +
    111L  HIS*     1.3    73.3    -      -       -      +
    113L  PHE*     1.3    63.7    +      -       -      +
    115L  ARG*     3.4     1.3    +      -       -      +
    116L  ASP*     3.0    19.9    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 113 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    109L  ILE      3.0    13.8    +      -       -      -
    110L  ILE*     3.6     4.0    -      -       -      +
    112L  LYS*     1.3    75.5    -      -       -      +
    114L  ILE*     1.3    56.1    +      -       -      +
    116L  ASP*     3.1     3.7    +      -       -      +
    117L  LYS*     2.9    26.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 114 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    110L  ILE      2.7    18.8    +      -       -      -
    111L  HIS*     3.7     1.6    -      -       -      +
    113L  PHE*     1.3    69.1    -      -       -      +
    115L  ARG*     1.3    64.8    +      -       -      +
    117L  LYS*     4.1     1.2    -      -       -      +
    118L  TYR*     3.1    20.8    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 115 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    111L  HIS      2.8    15.3    +      -       -      -
    112L  LYS*     3.8     2.0    -      -       -      +
    114L  ILE*     1.3    77.7    -      -       -      +
    116L  ASP*     1.3    55.0    +      -       -      +
    118L  TYR      3.8     0.7    -      -       -      -
    119L  SER*     3.0    27.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 116 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    112L  LYS      3.0    14.5    +      -       -      -
    113L  PHE*     3.6     3.1    -      -       -      +
    115L  ARG*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
    117L  LYS*     1.3    62.4    +      -       -      +
    119L  SER*     3.3    11.7    +      -       -      +
    120L  LYS      4.5     1.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 117 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    113L  PHE      2.9    14.3    +      -       -      -
    114L  ILE*     4.1     1.6    -      -       -      +
    116L  ASP*     1.3    77.5    -      -       -      +
    118L  TYR*     1.3    58.5    +      -       -      +
    119L  SER      3.2     0.9    +      -       -      -
    120L  LYS*     3.8     7.4    +      -       -      -
    121L  ARG      4.9     0.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 118 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    114L  ILE      3.1    17.0    +      -       -      -
    115L  ARG      3.8     1.1    -      -       -      -
    117L  LYS*     1.3    71.9    -      -       -      +
    119L  SER*     1.3    63.9    +      -       -      +
    120L  LYS      3.0     4.9    +      -       -      -
    121L  ARG*     3.1    13.2    +      -       -      +
    122L  PHE      3.1    15.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 119 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    115L  ARG      3.0    16.2    +      -       -      -
    116L  ASP      3.3     6.5    +      -       -      -
    117L  LYS      3.2     2.2    -      -       -      -
    118L  TYR*     1.3    77.9    -      -       -      +
    120L  LYS*     1.3    58.7    +      -       -      +
    122L  PHE      4.7     0.9    -      -       -      -
    123L  PRO*     3.1    33.7    -      -       -      +
    176L  GLY*     5.5     0.3    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il