Contacts of the helix formed by residues 872 - 895 (chain A) in PDB entry 6CIM


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with SER 872 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    870A  ILE*     3.1     7.6    -      -       -      +
    871A  PRO*     1.3    86.3    -      -       -      +
    873A  GLU*     1.3    61.9    +      -       -      +
    874A  GLU*     3.4    19.4    +      -       -      +
    875A  ARG*     3.6    21.8    +      -       -      +
    876A  HIS*     2.8    23.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 873 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    871A  PRO      3.7     2.6    +      -       -      +
    872A  SER*     1.3    73.3    +      -       -      +
    874A  GLU*     1.3    67.2    +      -       -      +
    875A  ARG      3.1     0.9    -      -       -      -
    876A  HIS*     3.1    24.7    +      -       +      +
    877A  GLU*     2.9    21.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 874 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    872A  SER*     3.4    10.6    +      -       -      +
    873A  GLU*     1.3    76.8    -      -       -      +
    875A  ARG*     1.3    59.4    +      -       +      +
    877A  GLU*     3.3    17.3    +      -       -      +
    878A  ALA*     3.0    25.5    +      -       -      +
    923A  LYS*     5.8     1.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 875 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    811A  GLU*     2.4    45.7    +      -       -      +
    814A  GLU*     6.3     2.2    -      -       -      +
    816A  TYR*     3.8    25.6    -      -       -      +
    870A  ILE*     4.1    13.0    -      -       +      -
    871A  PRO*     6.3     1.8    -      -       -      -
    872A  SER*     3.6    26.8    +      -       -      +
    873A  GLU      3.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
    874A  GLU*     1.3    77.4    -      -       +      +
    876A  HIS*     1.3    64.8    +      -       -      +
    878A  ALA*     3.7    10.8    -      -       -      +
    879A  LEU*     2.9    28.3    +      -       -      +
    923A  LYS*     2.9    35.2    +      -       -      +
    924A  PHE*     3.9     9.5    -      -       -      -
    926A  TYR*     4.0     8.3    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 876 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    867A  CYS*     3.1    50.5    +      -       +      +
    870A  ILE*     2.9    38.4    +      -       +      +
    871A  PRO      4.7     2.2    -      -       -      -
    872A  SER      2.8    23.5    +      -       -      -
    873A  GLU*     3.1    25.0    +      -       +      +
    875A  ARG*     1.3    75.5    -      -       -      +
    877A  GLU*     1.3    56.2    +      -       -      +
    879A  LEU*     3.3     2.4    +      -       -      +
    880A  ARG*     2.9    49.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 877 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    873A  GLU      2.9    11.8    +      -       -      +
    874A  GLU*     3.3    18.1    +      -       -      +
    876A  HIS*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
    878A  ALA*     1.3    62.8    +      -       -      +
    880A  ARG*     3.3     7.6    +      -       -      +
    881A  GLU*     2.9    26.2    +      -       +      +
    923A  LYS*     4.6    13.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 878 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    874A  GLU      3.0    14.4    +      -       -      +
    875A  ARG*     3.7    15.3    -      -       -      +
    876A  HIS      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    877A  GLU*     1.3    77.0    +      -       -      +
    879A  LEU*     1.3    56.7    +      -       -      +
    881A  GLU*     3.3     5.3    +      -       -      -
    882A  LEU*     2.9    29.6    +      -       -      +
    919A  LEU*     3.8     8.7    -      -       +      +
    923A  LYS*     4.3    27.3    -      -       +      +
    924A  PHE*     3.9    24.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 879 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    804A  PHE*     4.8     3.6    -      -       +      -
    807A  ILE*     3.7    27.4    -      -       +      -
    808A  PHE*     3.8    31.4    -      -       +      -
    811A  GLU*     4.5     9.9    -      -       +      +
    863A  VAL*     4.0    15.7    -      -       +      +
    866A  VAL*     4.7     2.0    -      -       +      -
    867A  CYS*     4.8     1.3    -      -       -      -
    870A  ILE*     3.4    31.9    -      -       +      -
    875A  ARG      2.9    17.4    +      -       -      +
    876A  HIS*     3.8     4.3    -      -       -      +
    878A  ALA*     1.3    76.3    -      -       -      +
    880A  ARG*     1.3    64.7    +      -       -      +
    882A  LEU*     3.3    10.3    +      -       +      +
    883A  MET*     3.0    26.2    +      -       -      +
    924A  PHE*     3.7    14.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 880 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    860A  GLN*     3.4    27.9    -      -       -      +
    863A  VAL*     4.1    10.5    -      -       +      +
    864A  ASP*     2.7    46.7    +      -       -      +
    867A  CYS*     3.6    18.5    -      -       -      +
    876A  HIS*     2.9    41.1    +      -       -      +
    877A  GLU*     3.8     7.1    -      -       -      +
    879A  LEU*     1.3    76.0    -      -       -      +
    881A  GLU*     1.3    57.4    +      -       -      +
    884A  ASP*     2.9    27.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 881 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    877A  GLU*     2.9    18.8    +      -       +      +
    878A  ALA*     3.8     3.5    -      -       -      +
    880A  ARG*     1.3    75.0    -      -       -      +
    882A  LEU*     1.3    65.5    +      -       -      +
    884A  ASP*     3.2     9.3    +      -       +      +
    885A  LEU*     2.9    37.5    +      -       +      +
    915A  ARG*     3.3    40.0    +      -       -      +
    919A  LEU*     3.5    19.2    -      -       +      +
    923A  LYS*     5.0     4.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 882 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    804A  PHE*     3.6    28.8    -      -       +      -
    807A  ILE*     3.7    29.4    -      -       +      -
    878A  ALA      2.9    17.7    +      -       -      +
    879A  LEU*     3.8     8.1    -      -       +      +
    881A  GLU*     1.3    76.3    -      -       -      +
    883A  MET*     1.3    56.0    +      -       -      +
    885A  LEU*     3.3     6.4    +      -       -      +
    886A  TYR      3.0    21.7    +      -       -      -
    916A  PHE*     3.6    31.1    -      -       +      +
    919A  LEU*     3.6    22.1    -      -       +      +
    920A  LEU*     3.8    25.6    -      -       +      -
    924A  PHE*     4.2    11.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 883 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    804A  PHE*     3.5    33.5    -      -       +      -
    808A  PHE*     4.4     2.7    -      -       +      -
    857A  LEU      4.1     4.5    -      -       -      +
    858A  MET*     4.0    32.5    -      -       +      +
    859A  THR      4.0     9.9    -      -       -      +
    860A  GLN*     3.5    22.7    -      -       -      +
    862A  THR*     4.4     0.7    -      -       -      +
    863A  VAL*     3.5    28.0    -      -       +      -
    879A  LEU      3.0    17.2    +      -       -      +
    882A  LEU*     1.3    73.0    -      -       -      +
    884A  ASP*     1.3    60.7    +      -       -      +
    886A  TYR*     3.3    23.1    +      -       -      +
    887A  LEU*     2.9    31.0    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 884 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    860A  GLN*     4.0    13.5    +      -       -      +
    880A  ARG      2.9    18.6    +      -       -      +
    881A  GLU*     3.2    12.5    +      -       +      +
    883A  MET*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
    885A  LEU*     1.3    59.7    +      -       +      +
    887A  LEU*     3.2     6.6    +      -       -      +
    888A  LYS*     2.9    58.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 885 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    881A  GLU*     2.9    27.0    +      -       +      +
    882A  LEU      3.3     5.8    +      -       -      +
    884A  ASP*     1.3    73.9    -      -       -      +
    886A  TYR*     1.3    67.6    +      -       -      +
    888A  LYS*     3.2    14.3    +      -       +      +
    889A  MET*     3.0    29.7    +      -       +      +
    911A  PHE*     6.4     0.2    -      -       +      -
    912A  ASN*     4.2    25.4    -      -       +      +
    915A  ARG*     3.6    26.0    -      -       +      +
    916A  PHE*     3.6    43.1    -      -       +      +
    919A  LEU*     4.3    14.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 886 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    797A  ASP*     3.1    27.3    +      -       -      -
    800A  ASN*     3.3    48.7    -      -       +      -
    804A  PHE*     4.2    11.4    -      +       +      -
    854A  ALA      5.7     0.3    -      -       -      -
    855A  ARG*     5.8     0.2    -      -       -      -
    858A  MET*     3.5    37.7    -      -       +      +
    882A  LEU      3.0    13.7    +      -       -      +
    883A  MET*     3.5    21.5    -      -       -      +
    884A  ASP      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    885A  LEU*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
    887A  LEU*     1.3    81.9    +      -       +      +
    889A  MET*     3.1    12.8    +      -       -      +
    890A  LYS*     2.9    47.3    +      -       +      +
    893A  TRP*     3.9     7.6    -      +       -      -
    916A  PHE*     4.3     2.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 887 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    858A  MET      3.9    12.8    -      -       -      +
    859A  THR*     5.1     1.8    -      -       +      -
    860A  GLN*     3.7    37.5    -      -       +      +
    883A  MET*     2.9    22.0    +      -       +      +
    884A  ASP*     3.2     6.3    +      -       -      +
    886A  TYR*     1.3   101.9    -      -       +      +
    888A  LYS*     1.3    57.9    +      -       +      +
    890A  LYS*     4.2     9.8    -      -       +      +
    891A  PRO*     3.2    25.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 888 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    884A  ASP*     2.9    43.2    +      -       -      +
    885A  LEU*     3.2    14.8    +      -       +      +
    887A  LEU*     1.3    79.8    -      -       +      +
    889A  MET*     1.3    59.9    +      -       -      +
    891A  PRO*     3.8     6.4    -      -       -      +
    905A  SER*     4.0    20.2    +      -       -      +
    909A  TYR*     5.8     0.2    -      -       -      -
    912A  ASN*     4.1    33.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 889 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    800A  ASN*     4.7     4.3    -      -       -      +
    885A  LEU      3.0    20.5    +      -       -      +
    886A  TYR*     3.1     9.2    +      -       -      +
    888A  LYS*     1.3    79.5    -      -       -      +
    890A  LYS*     1.3    66.0    +      -       -      +
    891A  PRO      3.4     0.4    -      -       -      -
    892A  VAL*     3.1    22.7    +      -       -      +
    893A  TRP*     3.6    24.7    -      -       +      -
    909A  TYR*     3.6    27.3    -      -       +      -
    912A  ASN*     4.0    19.1    -      -       +      +
    913A  SER*     3.8    34.1    -      -       -      -
    916A  PHE*     3.9    35.0    -      -       +      -
    940A  LEU*     4.6     7.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 890 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    797A  ASP*     3.5    22.2    +      -       -      +
    855A  ARG*     4.7    20.0    +      -       -      +
    858A  MET*     4.9     5.5    +      -       -      +
    886A  TYR*     2.9    43.2    +      -       +      +
    887A  LEU*     4.2    10.7    -      -       +      +
    889A  MET*     1.3    74.6    -      -       -      +
    891A  PRO*     1.3    70.0    -      -       +      +
    892A  VAL      3.1     0.5    +      -       -      -
    893A  TRP*     3.1    31.5    +      -       +      +
    894A  ARG*     3.0    48.1    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO 891 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    887A  LEU      3.2    20.2    -      -       -      +
    888A  LYS*     3.8     5.2    -      -       -      +
    889A  MET      3.4     4.5    -      -       -      -
    890A  LYS*     1.3    91.4    -      -       +      +
    892A  VAL*     1.3    61.5    +      -       -      +
    894A  ARG*     4.5     4.9    -      -       +      +
    895A  SER*     2.9    30.6    +      -       -      -
    902A  CYS*     3.9    20.6    -      -       +      -
    905A  SER*     4.0    13.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 892 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    888A  LYS      5.0     0.4    -      -       -      +
    889A  MET      3.1    12.7    +      -       -      +
    890A  LYS      3.1     0.2    +      -       -      -
    891A  PRO*     1.3    76.8    -      -       -      +
    893A  TRP*     1.3    63.1    +      -       -      +
    895A  SER      4.0     5.0    +      -       -      +
    898A  PRO*     3.9    11.2    -      -       +      +
    902A  CYS*     4.3     6.1    -      -       -      -
    905A  SER*     3.4    43.3    -      -       -      +
    906A  LEU*     3.5    31.2    -      -       +      +
    909A  TYR*     3.8    13.5    -      -       +      -
    943A  VAL*     4.0    12.8    -      -       +      -
    947A  ILE*     3.9    27.1    -      -       +      +
    953A  ILE*     4.6     1.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 893 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    793A  ALA*     3.1    28.9    -      -       +      +
    796A  CYS*     3.4    30.5    -      -       +      +
    797A  ASP*     2.7    28.4    +      -       -      -
    800A  ASN*     3.1    31.6    -      -       -      -
    886A  TYR*     3.9    13.2    -      +       -      -
    889A  MET*     3.6    27.4    -      -       +      -
    890A  LYS*     3.1    27.3    +      -       -      +
    892A  VAL*     1.3    79.6    -      -       -      +
    894A  ARG*     1.3    67.7    +      -       +      +
    895A  SER      4.8     0.2    -      -       -      -
    909A  TYR*     3.4    36.1    -      +       -      -
    939A  THR*     3.6    12.1    -      -       +      -
    943A  VAL*     4.6     6.3    -      -       +      -
    953A  ILE*     3.5    28.8    -      -       +      +
    954A  GLY      3.8     0.9    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 894 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    793A  ALA*     4.1    11.7    -      -       +      +
    797A  ASP*     5.3     2.9    -      -       -      +
    855A  ARG*     2.8    50.4    -      -       -      +
    890A  LYS*     3.0    43.7    +      -       +      +
    891A  PRO*     4.3     3.1    -      -       +      +
    893A  TRP*     1.3    84.8    -      -       +      +
    895A  SER*     1.3    69.0    +      -       -      +
    896A  SER*     5.0     0.9    +      -       -      -
    954A  GLY*     4.5     8.1    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 895 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    891A  PRO*     2.9    19.1    +      -       -      -
    892A  VAL      4.0     3.3    +      -       -      +
    893A  TRP      3.7     0.4    -      -       -      -
    894A  ARG*     1.3    82.1    -      -       -      +
    896A  SER*     1.3    61.3    +      -       -      +
    898A  PRO*     2.9    40.7    -      -       -      +
    901A  GLU*     3.1    21.4    +      -       -      -
    902A  CYS*     4.5     3.6    -      -       -      -
    952A  SER*     4.6     1.9    -      -       -      -
    953A  ILE      4.7     0.5    +      -       -      -
    954A  GLY*     4.2    12.5    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il