Contacts of the helix formed by residues 301 - 326 (chain C) in PDB entry 6E7P


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with PHE 301 (chain C).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     75C  VAL*     4.0    40.8    -      -       +      -
     78C  VAL*     4.2    19.7    -      -       +      -
     79C  GLN*     3.9    26.5    -      -       -      +
    297C  PHE      4.0    13.0    +      -       -      +
    298C  ARG*     3.1    16.9    +      -       +      +
    300C  LEU*     1.3    77.9    -      -       -      +
    302C  ASP*     1.3    60.7    +      -       -      +
    303C  VAL      3.1     1.8    -      -       -      -
    304C  VAL*     3.0    37.8    +      -       +      +
    305C  VAL*     3.5     4.4    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 302 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     79C  GLN*     3.9    18.8    +      -       -      +
    298C  ARG      4.0     4.4    +      -       -      -
    299C  LEU*     2.9    28.4    -      -       -      +
    301C  PHE*     1.3    73.3    -      -       -      +
    303C  VAL*     1.3    60.3    +      -       -      +
    304C  VAL      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    305C  VAL*     3.0    13.9    +      -       -      +
    306C  ILE*     2.7    40.3    +      -       +      +
    369C  THR*     4.6    14.6    +      -       -      +
    372C  LYS*     4.8    13.0    +      -       +      +
    373C  ILE*     3.6    26.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 303 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    299C  LEU      4.6     0.9    -      -       -      +
    300C  LEU*     3.3    50.0    -      -       +      +
    302C  ASP*     1.3    88.8    +      -       -      +
    304C  VAL*     1.3    64.4    +      -       +      +
    306C  ILE*     3.4    21.7    -      -       +      +
    307C  LEU*     2.8    34.7    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 304 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     75C  VAL*     4.5    15.9    -      -       +      -
    300C  LEU      4.2    13.2    -      -       -      +
    301C  PHE*     3.0    27.1    +      -       +      +
    303C  VAL*     1.3    78.2    -      -       +      +
    305C  VAL*     1.3    58.8    +      -       -      +
    307C  LEU*     4.3    12.6    -      -       +      -
    308C  THR*     2.8    46.8    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 305 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     75C  VAL*     3.7    21.8    -      -       +      -
     76C  VAL*     4.7     7.0    -      -       +      -
     79C  GLN*     3.9    25.6    -      -       +      +
    301C  PHE*     3.9    12.6    -      -       +      +
    302C  ASP*     3.0    14.5    +      -       -      +
    304C  VAL*     1.3    75.7    -      -       -      +
    306C  ILE*     1.3    63.3    +      -       -      +
    308C  THR*     4.0     5.8    -      -       -      -
    309C  CYS*     3.4    29.8    +      -       -      +
    365C  THR*     4.0    19.7    -      -       +      -
    366C  ILE*     4.9     1.8    -      -       -      +
    369C  THR*     3.8    27.1    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 306 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    302C  ASP*     2.7    26.1    +      -       +      +
    303C  VAL*     3.4    26.5    -      -       +      +
    304C  VAL      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    305C  VAL*     1.3    74.4    -      -       -      +
    307C  LEU*     1.3    54.0    +      -       +      +
    310C  SER*     2.6    33.1    +      -       -      -
    366C  ILE*     3.5    25.2    -      -       +      +
    369C  THR*     4.4    13.9    -      -       -      +
    370C  ILE*     5.8     7.2    -      -       +      +
    373C  ILE*     4.5    21.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 307 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    303C  VAL*     2.8    23.2    +      -       +      +
    304C  VAL*     3.1    15.4    +      -       +      +
    306C  ILE*     1.3    80.4    -      -       +      +
    308C  THR*     1.3    58.3    +      -       +      +
    310C  SER*     2.6    21.3    +      -       -      +
    311C  LEU*     2.7    40.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 308 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     68C  LEU*     4.5    18.6    -      -       +      +
     71C  VAL*     4.6    21.8    -      -       +      -
     72C  LYS*     4.8     9.8    -      -       -      +
     75C  VAL*     4.5     9.6    -      -       +      +
     76C  VAL*     5.9     0.2    -      -       -      +
    304C  VAL*     2.8    39.4    +      -       +      +
    305C  VAL*     3.9     6.8    +      -       -      -
    307C  LEU*     1.3    75.9    -      -       +      +
    309C  CYS*     1.3    66.3    +      -       -      +
    311C  LEU*     3.9     7.8    -      -       +      +
    312C  SER*     3.0    29.1    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with CYS 309 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     72C  LYS*     4.5     9.2    -      -       -      +
     76C  VAL*     4.0    18.4    -      -       -      -
    305C  VAL*     3.4    19.5    +      -       -      +
    308C  THR*     1.3    86.5    +      -       -      +
    310C  SER*     1.3    57.7    +      -       -      +
    312C  SER*     3.5     2.6    +      -       -      -
    313C  PHE*     2.8    27.4    +      -       -      +
    362C  ASP*     3.4    32.4    -      -       +      +
    365C  THR*     3.7    29.4    -      -       +      -
    366C  ILE*     5.1     8.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 310 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    306C  ILE*     2.6    19.1    +      -       -      -
    307C  LEU*     2.6    23.2    +      -       -      +
    309C  CYS*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
    311C  LEU*     1.3    62.5    +      -       -      +
    313C  PHE*     3.0    11.5    +      -       -      +
    314C  LEU*     2.9    28.1    +      -       -      +
    366C  ILE*     4.0    15.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 311 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     68C  LEU*     4.3    17.8    -      -       +      +
    307C  LEU*     2.7    42.5    +      -       +      +
    308C  THR*     4.1     7.0    -      -       +      +
    310C  SER*     1.3    76.3    +      -       -      +
    312C  SER*     1.3    57.4    +      -       -      +
    314C  LEU*     3.6    13.4    +      -       +      +
    315C  LEU*     3.2    23.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 312 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     68C  LEU*     4.2    15.8    -      -       -      +
     69C  GLN*     3.7     5.2    +      -       -      +
     72C  LYS*     3.4    33.4    +      -       -      -
    308C  THR      3.0    19.4    +      -       -      -
    309C  CYS      3.8     1.3    -      -       -      -
    311C  LEU*     1.3    74.6    -      -       -      +
    313C  PHE*     1.3    58.3    +      -       -      +
    314C  LEU      3.2     1.8    -      -       -      -
    315C  LEU*     3.7     6.3    -      -       -      +
    316C  CYS*     3.1    41.9    +      -       -      +
    362C  ASP*     3.7     2.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 313 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    309C  CYS      2.8    20.4    +      -       -      +
    310C  SER*     3.0    11.0    +      -       -      +
    312C  SER*     1.3    73.6    -      -       -      +
    314C  LEU*     1.3    64.7    +      -       -      +
    316C  CYS*     5.4     1.6    -      -       -      -
    317C  ALA*     3.5    27.7    +      -       +      +
    359C  VAL*     3.6    34.9    -      -       +      +
    362C  ASP*     3.9    23.5    +      -       +      +
    363C  VAL*     4.1    17.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 314 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    310C  SER      2.9    14.5    +      -       -      +
    311C  LEU*     3.7    15.5    -      -       +      +
    313C  PHE*     1.3    79.7    -      -       -      +
    315C  LEU*     1.3    69.0    +      -       +      +
    317C  ALA*     4.4     1.5    -      -       -      +
    318C  ARG*     3.6    24.2    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 315 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     65C  LYS*     3.5    61.2    -      -       +      +
     68C  LEU*     5.5     7.0    -      -       +      -
    311C  LEU      3.2    14.3    +      -       -      +
    312C  SER*     3.4     6.7    +      -       -      +
    314C  LEU*     1.3    86.2    -      -       +      +
    316C  CYS*     1.3    76.1    +      -       -      +
    318C  ARG*     3.3    26.9    +      -       +      +
    319C  SER*     3.8     4.5    +      -       -      -
    355C  TYR*     6.1     1.8    -      -       +      -
    801C  HZ7      4.2    15.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with CYS 316 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     65C  LYS      5.8     1.1    -      -       -      -
     69C  GLN*     4.4    13.5    -      -       -      -
    312C  SER*     3.1    32.4    +      -       -      +
    313C  PHE*     5.2     0.4    -      -       -      +
    315C  LEU*     1.3    89.3    -      -       -      +
    317C  ALA*     1.3    61.2    +      -       -      +
    319C  SER*     3.2    16.5    +      -       -      -
    320C  LEU*     3.3    13.8    +      -       -      +
    355C  TYR*     3.9    34.3    -      -       +      +
    358C  LEU*     4.7    10.1    -      -       +      -
    359C  VAL*     4.6    13.9    -      -       +      -
    362C  ASP*     5.6     0.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 317 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    313C  PHE*     3.5    28.1    +      -       +      +
    314C  LEU      4.4     2.0    -      -       -      +
    315C  LEU      3.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
    316C  CYS*     1.3    75.4    -      -       -      +
    318C  ARG*     1.3    54.8    +      -       -      +
    319C  SER      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    320C  LEU*     3.1    22.4    +      -       +      +
    321C  LEU*     2.7    41.9    +      -       +      +
    359C  VAL*     4.8     6.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 318 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    314C  LEU*     3.6    17.8    +      -       +      +
    315C  LEU*     3.3    21.4    +      -       +      +
    316C  CYS      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
    317C  ALA*     1.3    79.1    -      -       -      +
    319C  SER*     1.3    56.7    +      -       -      +
    321C  LEU*     3.2    18.7    +      -       +      +
    322C  ARG*     2.8    31.3    +      -       -      +
    801C  HZ7      3.8    32.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 319 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     48C  PHE*     4.6    14.2    -      -       -      -
    315C  LEU      3.8     4.4    +      -       -      -
    316C  CYS      3.2    12.2    +      -       -      -
    317C  ALA      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
    318C  ARG*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
    320C  LEU*     1.3    60.3    +      -       -      +
    322C  ARG*     3.1     9.7    +      -       -      +
    323C  GLY*     2.8    26.0    +      -       -      -
    352C  ASN*     4.9     1.6    +      -       -      -
    355C  TYR*     4.6    16.5    -      -       -      -
    801C  HZ7      3.6    33.5    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 320 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    316C  CYS      3.3     8.5    +      -       -      +
    317C  ALA*     3.1    17.7    +      -       +      +
    319C  SER*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
    321C  LEU*     1.3    63.0    +      -       +      +
    323C  GLY*     4.0     0.8    -      -       -      +
    324C  PHE*     3.2    25.5    +      -       -      +
    351C  VAL*     3.8    31.1    -      -       +      +
    352C  ASN      5.0     1.6    -      -       -      +
    355C  TYR*     4.3    19.5    -      -       +      +
    356C  ILE*     4.6    18.8    -      -       +      +
    359C  VAL*     3.7    31.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 321 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    317C  ALA*     2.7    23.9    +      -       +      +
    318C  ARG*     3.4    21.8    -      -       +      +
    320C  LEU*     1.3    73.2    -      -       +      +
    322C  ARG*     1.3    60.8    +      -       -      +
    324C  PHE*     4.6     2.7    -      -       -      +
    325C  LEU*     3.2    28.0    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 322 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     44C  ARG*     4.7    22.8    +      -       -      +
     47C  TYR*     6.1     3.4    -      -       -      +
     48C  PHE*     5.2    16.7    -      -       +      +
    318C  ARG*     2.8    21.5    +      -       -      +
    319C  SER*     3.1    11.4    +      -       -      +
    321C  LEU*     1.3    76.3    -      -       -      +
    323C  GLY*     1.3    63.8    +      -       -      +
    325C  LEU*     3.4     5.6    +      -       +      +
    326C  LEU*     3.1    41.8    +      -       +      +
    801C  HZ7      2.9    64.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 323 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     48C  PHE*     4.5    21.1    -      -       -      -
    319C  SER      2.8    15.8    +      -       -      -
    320C  LEU*     3.4     2.6    +      -       -      -
    322C  ARG*     1.3    78.6    -      -       -      +
    324C  PHE*     1.3    60.8    +      -       -      +
    326C  LEU*     3.5    11.9    +      -       -      +
    327C  GLN*     3.3    20.6    +      -       -      +
    350C  PHE*     4.8     7.5    -      -       -      +
    351C  VAL*     5.3     7.6    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 324 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    320C  LEU      3.2    15.1    +      -       -      +
    321C  LEU*     4.7     2.7    -      -       -      +
    323C  GLY*     1.3    74.9    -      -       -      +
    325C  LEU*     1.3    66.0    +      -       -      +
    327C  GLN*     3.2    46.3    +      -       +      +
    328C  ASN*     4.2     2.6    +      -       -      +
    351C  VAL*     5.2     6.8    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 325 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     44C  ARG*     5.7     1.8    -      -       -      +
    321C  LEU      3.2    21.2    +      -       -      +
    322C  ARG*     3.4     7.2    +      -       +      +
    323C  GLY      3.3     0.6    -      -       -      -
    324C  PHE*     1.3    82.3    -      -       -      +
    326C  LEU*     1.3    72.5    +      -       +      +
    327C  GLN      3.3     1.9    +      -       -      -
    328C  ASN*     3.7     8.5    +      -       -      +
    329C  GLU*     3.0    24.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 326 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     41C  LEU*     6.2     0.2    -      -       +      -
     44C  ARG*     3.4    41.3    -      -       +      +
     45C  LEU*     4.5    26.3    -      -       +      +
     48C  PHE*     6.3     6.1    -      -       +      -
    322C  ARG*     3.1    44.9    +      -       +      +
    323C  GLY*     3.9     7.9    -      -       -      +
    324C  PHE      3.3     0.6    -      -       -      -
    325C  LEU*     1.3    92.9    -      -       +      +
    327C  GLN*     1.3    61.1    +      -       -      +
    328C  ASN      3.5     0.4    -      -       -      -
    329C  GLU*     3.4    21.5    +      -       +      +
    330C  PHE*     4.3     9.9    +      -       -      +
    350C  PHE*     5.5     2.8    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il