Contacts of the helix formed by residues 3 - 29 (chain U) in PDB entry 6GYK


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ASN 3 (chain U).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      2U  SER*     1.3    77.6    -      -       -      +
      4U  ALA*     1.3    68.4    +      -       -      +
      5U  GLU*     3.1    25.0    +      -       -      +
      6U  ALA*     3.4    35.0    +      -       +      +
      7U  SER*     3.9     9.4    +      -       -      -
    273U  ASP      5.3     9.6    +      -       -      +
    274U  TYR*     5.8     6.3    -      -       +      +
    275U  THR*     4.7    10.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 4 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      3U  ASN*     1.3    73.4    +      -       -      +
      5U  GLU*     1.3    61.2    +      -       -      +
      6U  ALA      3.2     0.9    -      -       -      -
      7U  SER*     2.5    26.1    +      -       -      +
      8U  ARG*     2.9    16.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 5 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      3U  ASN*     3.1    19.3    +      -       -      +
      4U  ALA*     1.3    78.6    -      -       -      +
      6U  ALA*     1.3    56.5    +      -       -      +
      8U  ARG*     3.3     7.6    +      -       +      +
      9U  VAL*     2.9    36.9    +      -       +      +
    275U  THR*     4.3    14.0    +      -       -      +
     55V  ASN      3.4    14.2    -      -       -      +
     56V  THR*     4.0     5.4    -      -       -      -
     57V  GLN*     3.0    30.1    +      -       -      +
     58V  SER*     4.8     9.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 6 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      3U  ASN*     3.4    26.2    -      -       +      +
      4U  ALA      3.2     0.6    -      -       -      -
      5U  GLU*     1.3    79.7    -      -       -      +
      7U  SER*     1.3    56.5    +      -       -      +
      9U  VAL*     3.5     5.8    +      -       -      +
     10U  TYR*     2.9    54.9    +      -       +      +
    273U  ASP*     5.6    10.1    -      -       +      +
    274U  TYR*     6.5     0.7    -      -       -      -
    275U  THR*     5.5    13.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 7 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      3U  ASN      3.9     5.6    +      -       -      -
      4U  ALA*     2.5    32.8    +      -       -      +
      6U  ALA*     1.3    76.4    -      -       -      +
      8U  ARG*     1.3    59.3    +      -       -      +
     10U  TYR*     3.3    10.4    +      -       -      +
     11U  GLU*     2.9    29.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 8 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      4U  ALA      2.9    14.0    +      -       -      +
      5U  GLU*     3.3    11.2    +      -       +      +
      7U  SER*     1.3    77.4    +      -       -      +
      9U  VAL*     1.3    57.6    +      -       +      +
     11U  GLU*     3.2    44.8    +      -       -      +
     12U  ILE*     2.9    74.2    +      -       +      +
     15U  GLU*     5.5     2.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 9 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      5U  GLU*     2.9    28.8    +      -       +      +
      6U  ALA*     3.8     6.1    -      -       -      +
      8U  ARG*     1.3    75.8    -      -       +      +
     10U  TYR*     1.3    66.3    +      -       +      +
     12U  ILE*     3.3    10.6    +      -       +      +
     13U  ILE*     2.9    46.2    +      -       +      +
    275U  THR*     5.7    10.3    -      -       +      +
     51V  THR*     3.6    28.3    -      -       +      -
     52V  LEU*     5.6     7.9    -      -       +      -
     55V  ASN*     4.1    24.5    -      -       +      +
     56V  THR*     6.1     0.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 10 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      6U  ALA*     2.9    40.0    +      -       +      +
      7U  SER*     3.6     9.6    -      -       -      +
      8U  ARG      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
      9U  VAL*     1.3    87.0    -      -       +      +
     11U  GLU*     1.3    57.9    +      -       -      +
     13U  ILE*     3.3     6.8    +      -       +      +
     14U  VAL*     2.9    35.0    +      -       -      +
     46U  LEU*     3.9    36.8    -      -       +      -
    266U  VAL*     5.5     5.0    -      -       -      +
    273U  ASP*     3.7    27.6    +      -       +      +
     14V  THR*     5.6     1.2    -      -       -      +
     15V  ILE*     3.6    43.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 11 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      7U  SER      2.9    16.9    +      -       -      +
      8U  ARG*     3.2    33.6    +      -       -      +
     10U  TYR*     1.3    74.3    -      -       -      +
     12U  ILE*     1.3    60.3    +      -       -      +
     14U  VAL*     3.3     5.8    +      -       +      +
     15U  GLU*     2.9    51.7    +      -       +      +
     43U  GLN*     5.8     3.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 12 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      8U  ARG*     2.9    58.2    +      -       +      +
      9U  VAL*     3.7     9.2    -      -       +      +
     11U  GLU*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
     13U  ILE*     1.3    58.8    +      -       +      +
     15U  GLU*     4.2     3.3    -      -       -      +
     16U  SER*     2.9    39.4    +      -       -      -
     47V  VAL*     6.0     0.9    -      -       +      -
     51V  THR*     5.3    13.2    -      -       +      +
     55V  ASN*     4.8    17.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 13 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      9U  VAL*     2.9    40.6    +      -       +      +
     10U  TYR*     3.6     6.5    -      -       +      +
     12U  ILE*     1.3    75.6    -      -       +      +
     14U  VAL*     1.3    60.0    +      -       -      +
     16U  SER*     4.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
     17U  VAL*     2.9    40.2    +      -       +      +
     42U  TRP*     4.1    17.5    -      -       +      -
     15V  ILE*     4.1    27.4    -      -       +      -
     44V  PHE*     4.6     9.0    -      -       +      -
     47V  VAL*     3.7    26.5    -      -       +      -
     48V  VAL*     4.4    18.2    -      -       +      -
     51V  THR*     4.4     9.6    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 14 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     10U  TYR      2.9    22.5    +      -       -      +
     11U  GLU*     3.3     6.5    +      -       +      +
     13U  ILE*     1.3    75.6    -      -       +      +
     15U  GLU*     1.3    59.9    +      -       +      +
     17U  VAL*     3.9     0.5    -      -       -      +
     18U  VAL*     2.9    35.6    +      -       +      +
     39U  LYS*     4.0    21.3    -      -       +      -
     42U  TRP*     3.7    38.1    -      -       +      -
     43U  GLN*     3.5    37.0    -      -       +      +
     46U  LEU*     4.7    12.8    -      -       +      -
     15V  ILE*     6.2     0.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 15 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      8U  ARG*     5.5     2.2    -      -       -      +
     11U  GLU*     2.9    39.0    +      -       +      +
     12U  ILE*     4.2     3.8    -      -       -      +
     14U  VAL*     1.3    76.5    -      -       +      +
     16U  SER*     1.3    57.6    +      -       -      +
     18U  VAL*     3.4     3.6    +      -       -      +
     19U  ASN*     2.9    47.7    +      -       -      +
     39U  LYS*     3.3    31.1    +      -       -      +
     43U  GLN*     4.6     2.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 16 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     12U  ILE*     2.9    26.5    +      -       -      -
     13U  ILE*     4.2     2.9    -      -       -      -
     15U  GLU*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
     17U  VAL*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
     19U  ASN*     3.4     4.7    +      -       -      -
     20U  GLU*     2.9    53.6    +      -       -      +
     47V  VAL*     4.2    13.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 17 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     13U  ILE*     2.9    30.7    +      -       +      +
     16U  SER*     1.3    75.2    -      -       -      +
     18U  VAL*     1.3    61.2    +      -       +      +
     20U  GLU      3.9     0.4    -      -       -      +
     21U  VAL*     2.9    48.4    +      -       +      +
     38U  LEU*     6.0     4.5    -      -       +      -
     42U  TRP*     3.6    29.4    -      -       +      -
     19V  LEU*     5.9     0.4    -      -       +      -
     40V  VAL*     4.3    16.6    -      -       +      -
     43V  THR*     4.3    16.4    -      -       +      +
     44V  PHE*     4.9     9.4    -      -       +      -
     47V  VAL*     4.3    19.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 18 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     14U  VAL*     2.9    25.5    +      -       +      +
     15U  GLU*     3.8     6.1    -      -       -      +
     17U  VAL*     1.3    76.5    -      -       +      +
     19U  ASN*     1.3    60.6    +      -       -      +
     21U  VAL*     4.7     0.4    -      -       -      -
     22U  ARG*     2.9    50.4    +      -       -      +
     35U  LEU*     3.7    29.6    -      -       +      +
     36U  GLN*     5.6     3.8    -      -       -      +
     38U  LEU*     5.5     3.1    -      -       +      -
     39U  LYS*     4.0    40.8    -      -       +      +
     42U  TRP*     4.8     8.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 19 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     15U  GLU*     2.9    32.8    +      -       -      +
     16U  SER*     3.9     5.3    -      -       -      +
     18U  VAL*     1.3    82.4    -      -       -      +
     20U  GLU*     1.3    61.1    +      -       +      +
     22U  ARG*     3.3    41.1    +      -       -      +
     23U  GLU*     4.4     2.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 20 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     16U  SER*     2.9    37.4    +      -       -      +
     17U  VAL      4.2     1.3    -      -       -      +
     19U  ASN*     1.3    78.5    -      -       +      +
     21U  VAL*     1.3    61.2    +      -       -      +
     22U  ARG      3.3     0.4    +      -       -      -
     23U  GLU*     3.9    13.2    +      -       -      +
     24U  ASP*     3.7    11.8    -      -       -      +
     43V  THR*     3.4    29.0    -      -       +      +
     46V  LYS*     3.9    20.2    +      -       -      -
     47V  VAL*     4.5     5.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 21 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     17U  VAL*     2.9    34.9    +      -       +      +
     18U  VAL*     4.1     2.9    -      -       -      +
     20U  GLU*     1.3    74.8    -      -       -      +
     22U  ARG*     1.3    66.7    +      -       -      +
     23U  GLU      3.1     2.7    -      -       -      -
     24U  ASP*     3.0    15.4    +      -       +      +
     25U  PHE*     2.9    47.5    +      -       +      +
     35U  LEU*     4.3     8.1    -      -       +      -
     38U  LEU*     4.9     3.6    -      -       +      -
     36V  LEU*     5.2     2.5    -      -       +      -
     39V  ARG*     5.7     3.1    -      -       +      -
     40V  VAL*     4.3    26.2    -      -       +      +
     43V  THR*     4.7    15.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 22 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     18U  VAL*     2.9    39.7    +      -       -      +
     19U  ASN*     3.3    44.5    +      -       -      +
     20U  GLU      3.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
     21U  VAL*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
     23U  GLU*     1.3    56.9    +      -       -      +
     25U  PHE*     3.2     2.9    +      -       -      +
     26U  GLU*     2.9    44.7    +      -       -      +
     32U  GLU*     3.1    38.0    +      -       -      +
     35U  LEU*     3.7    11.9    -      -       +      +
     36U  GLN*     4.6     7.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 23 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     19U  ASN      4.4     2.3    +      -       -      +
     20U  GLU      3.9    12.8    +      -       -      +
     21U  VAL      3.1     0.6    -      -       -      -
     22U  ARG*     1.3    78.7    -      -       -      +
     24U  ASP*     1.3    62.9    +      -       -      +
     26U  GLU*     3.1    11.4    +      -       -      +
     27U  ASN*     2.9    46.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 24 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     20U  GLU      3.7    14.9    -      -       -      +
     21U  VAL*     3.0    12.4    +      -       +      +
     23U  GLU*     1.3    80.5    -      -       -      +
     25U  PHE*     1.3    62.2    +      -       -      +
     27U  ASN*     3.8    14.7    +      -       -      +
     28U  ALA*     3.2    23.2    +      -       -      +
     36V  LEU*     3.8    28.8    -      -       +      +
     39V  ARG*     3.7    36.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 25 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     21U  VAL*     2.9    36.1    +      -       +      +
     22U  ARG*     3.5    12.6    -      -       +      +
     23U  GLU      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
     24U  ASP*     1.3    77.6    -      -       -      +
     26U  GLU*     1.3    61.5    +      -       +      +
     28U  ALA*     3.6     1.3    +      -       -      -
     29U  GLY*     3.3    16.3    +      -       -      -
     30U  ILE*     3.5    34.5    +      -       +      +
     31U  ASP      3.6    15.5    +      -       -      +
     32U  GLU*     5.6     1.8    -      -       -      +
     34U  THR*     3.7    19.3    -      -       +      -
     35U  LEU*     3.7    35.0    -      -       +      -
     38U  LEU*     4.3    19.7    -      -       +      -
     26V  LEU*     6.0     2.0    -      -       +      -
     32V  ILE*     5.6    10.5    -      -       +      -
     36V  LEU*     3.6    26.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 26 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     22U  ARG*     2.9    42.6    +      -       +      +
     23U  GLU*     3.1     7.9    +      -       -      +
     25U  PHE*     1.3    74.8    -      -       -      +
     27U  ASN*     1.3    68.3    +      -       -      +
     29U  GLY*     3.5    11.1    +      -       -      -
     32U  GLU*     4.4     9.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 27 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     23U  GLU*     2.9    42.9    +      -       -      +
     24U  ASP*     3.8    15.5    +      -       -      +
     25U  PHE      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     26U  GLU*     1.3    80.8    -      -       -      +
     28U  ALA*     1.3    60.2    +      -       -      +
     29U  GLY*     4.6     0.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 28 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     24U  ASP      3.2    17.7    +      -       -      +
     25U  PHE*     4.1     4.0    -      -       -      +
     26U  GLU      3.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
     27U  ASN*     1.3    78.3    -      -       -      +
     29U  GLY*     1.3    63.1    +      -       -      +
     30U  ILE*     4.6    10.5    -      -       +      -
     33V  GLU*     4.6    18.1    -      -       +      +
     36V  LEU*     5.2     8.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 29 (chain U). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     25U  PHE      3.3     7.1    +      -       -      -
     26U  GLU*     3.5     9.6    +      -       -      -
     27U  ASN      3.3     3.4    -      -       -      -
     28U  ALA*     1.3    80.4    -      -       -      +
     30U  ILE*     1.3    64.6    +      -       -      +
     33V  GLU*     5.2     0.7    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il