PMID: 15304227 , Related PDB id: 1S4Y

Authors:

Greenwald J, Vega ME, Allendorph GP, Fischer WH, Vale W, Choe S

Title:

A flexible activin explains the membrane-dependent cooperative assembly of TGF-beta family receptors.

Journal:

Mol Cell. 2004 Aug 13;15(3):485-9.

Abstract:

A new crystal structure of activin in complex with the extracellular domain of its type II receptor (ActRIIb-ECD) shows that the ligand exhibits an unexpected flexibility. The motion in the activin dimer disrupts its type I receptor interface, which may account for the disparity in its affinity for type I versus type II receptors. We have measured the affinities of activin and its antagonist inhibin for ActRIIb-ECD and found that the affinity of the 2-fold symmetric homodimer activin for ActRIIb-ECD depends on the availability of two spatially coupled ActRIIb-ECD molecules, whereas the affinity of the heterodimer inhibin does not. Our results indicate that activin's affinity for its two receptor types is greatly influenced by their membrane-restricted setting. We propose that activin affinity is modulated by the ligand flexibility and that cooperativity is achieved by binding to two ActRII chains that immobilize activin in a type I binding-competent orientation.