PMID: 16956976 , Related PDB id: 2HKO

Authors:

Chen Y, Yang Y, Wang F, Wan K, Yamane K, Zhang Y, Lei M

Title:

Crystal structure of human histone lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1).

Journal:

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Sep 19;103(38):13956-61. Epub 2006 Sep 6.

Abstract:

Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) was recently identified as the first histone demethylase that specifically demethylates monomethylated and dimethylated histone H3 at K4. It is a component of the CoREST and other corepressor complexes and plays an important role in silencing neuronal-specific genes in nonneuronal cells, but the molecular mechanisms of its action remain unclear. The 2.8-A-resolution crystal structure of the human LSD1 reveals that LSD1 defines a new subfamily of FAD-dependent oxidases. The active center of LSD1 is characterized by a remarkable 1,245-A3 substrate-binding cavity with a highly negative electrostatic potential. Although the protein core of LSD1 resembles other flavoenzymes, its enzymatic activity and functions require two additional structural modules: an N-terminal SWIRM domain important for protein stability and a large insertion in the catalytic domain indispensable both for the demethylase activity and the interaction with CoREST. These results provide a framework for further probing the catalytic mechanism and the functional roles of LSD1.