PMID: 17537733 , Related PDB id: 2V1D

Authors:

Forneris F, Binda C, Adamo A, Battaglioli E, Mattevi A

Title:

Structural basis of LSD1-CoREST selectivity in histone H3 recognition.

Journal:

J Biol Chem. 2007 Jul 13;282(28):20070-4. Epub 2007 May 30.

Abstract:

Histone demethylase LSD1 regulates transcription by demethylating Lys(4) of histone H3. The crystal structure of the enzyme in complex with CoREST and a substrate-like peptide inhibitor highlights an intricate network of interactions and a folded conformation of the bound peptide. The core of the peptide structure is formed by Arg(2), Gln(5), and Ser(10), which are engaged in specific intramolecular H-bonds. Several charged side chains on the surface of the substrate-binding pocket establish electrostatic interactions with the peptide. The three-dimensional structure predicts that methylated Lys(4) binds in a solvent inaccessible position in front of the flavin cofactor. This geometry is fully consistent with the demethylation reaction being catalyzed through a flavin-mediated oxidation of the substrate amino-methyl group. These features dictate the exquisite substrate specificity of LSD1 and provide a structural framework to explain the fine tuning of its catalytic activity and the active role of CoREST in substrate recognition.