PMID: 17558417 , Related PDB ids: 2P6R, 2P6U

Authors:

Buttner K, Nehring S, Hopfner KP

Title:

Structural basis for DNA duplex separation by a superfamily-2 helicase.

Journal:

Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007 Jul;14(7):647-52. Epub 2007 Jun 10.

Abstract:

To reveal the mechanism of processive strand separation by superfamily-2 (SF2) 3'-->5' helicases, we determined apo and DNA-bound crystal structures of archaeal Hel308, a helicase that unwinds lagging strands and is related to human DNA polymerase theta. Our structure captures the duplex-unwinding reaction, shows that initial strand separation does not require ATP and identifies a prominent beta-hairpin loop as the unwinding element. Similar loops in hepatitis C virus NS3 helicase and RNA-decay factors support the idea that this duplex-unwinding mechanism is applicable to a broad subset of SF2 helicases. Comparison with ATP-bound SF2 enzymes suggests that ATP promotes processive unwinding of 1 base pair by ratchet-like transport of the 3' product strand. Our results provide a first structural framework for strand separation by processive SF2 3'-->5' helicases and reveal important mechanistic differences from SF1 helicases.