PMID: 20946985 , Related PDB ids: 3A5L, 3A5M, 3A5N, 3A5O, 3G37

Authors:

Murakami K, Yasunaga T, Noguchi TQ, Gomibuchi Y, Ngo KX, Uyeda TQ, Wakabayashi T

Title:

Structural basis for actin assembly, activation of ATP hydrolysis, and delayed phosphate release.

Journal:

Cell. 2010 Oct 15;143(2):275-87.

Abstract:

Assembled actin filaments support cellular signaling, intracellular trafficking, and cytokinesis. ATP hydrolysis triggered by actin assembly provides the structural cues for filament turnover in vivo. Here, we present the cryo-electron microscopic (cryo-EM) structure of filamentous actin (F-actin) in the presence of phosphate, with the visualization of some alpha-helical backbones and large side chains. A complete atomic model based on the EM map identified intermolecular interactions mediated by bound magnesium and phosphate ions. Comparison of the F-actin model with G-actin monomer crystal structures reveals a critical role for bending of the conserved proline-rich loop in triggering phosphate release following ATP hydrolysis. Crystal structures of G-actin show that mutations in this loop trap the catalytic site in two intermediate states of the ATPase cycle. The combined structural information allows us to propose a detailed molecular mechanism for the biochemical events, including actin polymerization and ATPase activation, critical for actin filament dynamics.