PMID: 21882820 , Related PDB ids: 3QCB, 3QCC, 3QCD, 3QCE, 3QCF, 3QCG, 3QCH, 3QCI, 3QCJ, 3QCK, 3QCL, 3QCM, 3QCN

Authors:

Sheriff S, Beno BR, Zhai W, Kostich WA, McDonnell PA, Kish K, Goldfarb V, Gao M, Kiefer SE, Yanchunas J, Huang Y, Shi S, Zhu S, Dzierba C, Bronson J, Macor JE, Appiah KK, Westphal RS, O'Connell J, Gerritz SW

Title:

Small molecule receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase gamma (RPTPgamma) ligands that inhibit phosphatase activity via perturbation of the tryptophan-proline-aspartate (WPD) loop.

Journal:

J Med Chem. 2011 Oct 13;54(19):6548-62. Epub 2011 Sep 20.

Abstract:

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) catalyze the dephosphorylation of tyrosine residues, a process that involves a conserved tryptophan-proline-aspartate (WPD) loop in catalysis. In previously determined structures of PTPs, the WPD-loop has been observed in either an "open" conformation or a "closed" conformation. In the current work, X-ray structures of the catalytic domain of receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase gamma (RPTPgamma) revealed a ligand-induced "superopen" conformation not previously reported for PTPs. In the superopen conformation, the ligand acts as an apparent competitive inhibitor and binds in a small hydrophobic pocket adjacent to, but distinct from, the active site. In the open and closed WPD-loop conformations of RPTPgamma, the side chain of Trp1026 partially occupies this pocket. In the superopen conformation, Trp1026 is displaced allowing a 3,4-dichlorobenzyl substituent to occupy this site. The bound ligand prevents closure of the WPD-loop over the active site and disrupts the catalytic cycle of the enzyme.