Contacts of the helix formed by residues 133 - 159 (chain A) in PDB entry 3V5I


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ALA 133 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    131A  GLY      3.9     1.0    +      -       -      -
    132A  GLN*     1.3    70.8    -      -       -      +
    134A  THR*     1.3    63.3    +      -       -      +
    136A  ILE*     3.4    10.6    +      -       -      +
    137A  GLU*     3.0    24.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 134 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    132A  GLN*     3.2     4.6    -      -       -      +
    133A  ALA*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
    135A  GLU*     1.3    61.0    +      -       -      +
    137A  GLU*     3.4    16.1    +      -       -      +
    138A  ILE*     3.1    32.1    +      -       +      +
    171B  ARG*     3.7    41.5    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 135 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    129A  ALA*     5.4     0.4    -      -       -      -
    130A  GLN      4.0    10.2    -      -       -      +
    131A  GLY*     3.6     7.8    -      -       -      -
    132A  GLN*     2.9    35.9    +      -       +      +
    134A  THR*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
    136A  ILE*     1.3    66.5    +      -       -      +
    138A  ILE*     3.2    10.2    +      -       +      +
    139A  ALA*     3.1    22.0    +      -       -      +
    171B  ARG*     3.7    33.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 136 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    129A  ALA*     4.1    35.6    -      -       +      +
    130A  GLN      4.5     3.4    -      -       -      -
    131A  GLY      3.4    25.4    -      -       -      +
    132A  GLN      2.9    12.3    +      -       -      +
    133A  ALA*     3.8    10.5    -      -       -      +
    135A  GLU*     1.3    74.8    -      -       -      +
    137A  GLU*     1.3    52.1    +      -       -      +
    139A  ALA*     3.2     2.8    +      -       -      +
    140A  ALA*     2.8    38.1    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 137 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    133A  ALA      3.0    13.2    +      -       -      +
    134A  THR*     3.5    18.0    +      -       -      +
    136A  ILE*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
    138A  ILE*     1.3    59.4    +      -       +      +
    140A  ALA*     3.3     6.7    +      -       +      +
    141A  ASN*     3.0    51.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 138 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    134A  THR*     3.1    35.0    +      -       +      +
    135A  GLU*     3.2     9.8    +      -       +      +
    137A  GLU*     1.3    78.1    -      -       +      +
    139A  ALA*     1.3    61.2    +      -       -      +
    141A  ASN*     3.6     8.4    +      -       -      +
    142A  HIS*     3.1    22.3    +      -       -      +
    171B  ARG*     3.7    31.4    -      -       +      -
    172B  ASP*     3.6    34.5    -      -       +      +
    174B  PHE*     4.3    13.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 139 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    128A  GLY      4.4     7.0    -      -       -      +
    129A  ALA*     3.5    32.1    -      -       +      -
    135A  GLU      3.1    11.2    +      -       -      +
    136A  ILE      3.5     2.5    -      -       -      +
    138A  ILE*     1.3    74.8    -      -       -      +
    140A  ALA*     1.3    65.9    +      -       -      +
    142A  HIS*     3.3     7.3    +      -       -      +
    143A  ILE*     3.0    25.4    +      -       -      +
    174B  PHE*     5.5     2.7    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 140 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    136A  ILE*     2.8    24.8    +      -       +      +
    137A  GLU*     3.6     8.1    -      -       +      +
    139A  ALA*     1.3    72.0    -      -       -      +
    141A  ASN*     1.3    60.4    +      -       -      +
    143A  ILE*     3.3    11.7    +      -       -      +
    144A  LEU*     3.0    40.0    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 141 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    137A  GLU*     3.0    40.5    +      -       -      +
    138A  ILE*     3.8     8.1    -      -       -      +
    140A  ALA*     1.3    78.7    -      -       -      +
    142A  HIS*     1.3    56.6    +      -       -      +
    144A  LEU*     3.5    11.5    +      -       -      +
    145A  LYS*     3.0    30.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 142 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     72A  THR*     6.0     1.3    -      -       +      -
    138A  ILE      3.1    18.3    +      -       -      +
    139A  ALA*     3.6     6.8    +      -       -      +
    141A  ASN*     1.3    78.3    -      -       -      +
    143A  ILE*     1.3    59.7    +      -       -      +
    145A  LYS*     3.4     8.3    +      -       +      +
    146A  THR*     2.9    42.5    +      -       -      -
     95B  MET*     4.6     3.4    -      -       +      -
    119B  GLU*     3.1    32.7    +      -       -      -
    174B  PHE*     3.5    59.3    -      +       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 143 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    125A  PRO*     3.9    25.0    -      -       +      +
    126A  LEU      3.7     9.9    -      -       -      +
    127A  GLY*     3.6    33.9    -      -       -      +
    128A  GLY      5.3     0.2    -      -       -      +
    139A  ALA      3.0    15.5    +      -       -      +
    140A  ALA*     3.3    15.5    -      -       -      +
    142A  HIS*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
    144A  LEU*     1.3    69.2    +      -       +      +
    146A  THR*     3.3     8.4    +      -       -      -
    147A  ARG*     2.9    26.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 144 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    124A  GLN*     6.4     0.4    -      -       -      +
    140A  ALA*     3.0    30.4    +      -       +      +
    141A  ASN*     3.8    11.9    -      -       -      +
    143A  ILE*     1.3    80.8    -      -       +      +
    145A  LYS*     1.3    59.7    +      -       -      +
    147A  ARG*     3.2    17.9    +      -       +      +
    148A  GLU*     3.2    27.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 145 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    141A  ASN      3.0    19.0    +      -       -      +
    142A  HIS*     3.6    10.1    -      -       +      +
    143A  ILE      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    144A  LEU*     1.3    73.6    -      -       -      +
    146A  THR*     1.3    65.4    +      -       -      +
    148A  GLU*     3.1    19.2    +      -       +      +
    149A  LYS*     2.9    23.7    +      -       +      +
    174B  PHE      5.8     1.2    +      -       -      -
    176B  THR*     4.0    21.4    -      -       +      +
    179B  GLU*     3.9    21.6    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 146 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     71A  VAL*     3.6    33.9    -      -       +      -
     75A  PHE*     5.1     3.6    -      -       +      -
    125A  PRO*     5.0     5.4    -      -       +      -
    142A  HIS*     2.9    32.5    +      -       -      -
    143A  ILE*     3.3    10.7    +      -       +      -
    145A  LYS*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
    147A  ARG*     1.3    54.9    +      -       -      +
    149A  LYS*     3.3     9.4    +      -       +      +
    150A  LEU*     2.9    35.4    +      -       +      +
    119B  GLU*     3.7    20.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 147 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    124A  GLN*     3.5    35.3    +      -       -      +
    125A  PRO*     3.7    24.0    -      -       +      +
    143A  ILE      2.9    13.9    +      -       -      +
    144A  LEU*     3.5    19.6    -      -       +      +
    145A  LYS      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
    146A  THR*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
    148A  GLU*     1.3    59.3    +      -       +      +
    150A  LEU*     3.2     3.6    +      -       +      -
    151A  ASN*     2.8    47.2    +      -       -      +
    166A  GLN*     3.0    54.0    +      -       -      +
    169A  THR*     3.0    38.2    +      -       -      -
    170A  ASP*     3.6     8.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 148 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    144A  LEU*     3.2    17.0    +      -       -      +
    145A  LYS*     3.1    20.7    +      -       -      +
    147A  ARG*     1.3    75.7    -      -       -      +
    149A  LYS*     1.3    64.0    +      -       -      +
    151A  ASN*     3.7     5.4    -      -       -      +
    152A  ARG*     2.9    30.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 149 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     75A  PHE*     3.5    35.5    -      -       +      -
    145A  LYS      2.9    11.9    +      -       -      +
    146A  THR*     3.4    14.1    -      -       -      +
    148A  GLU*     1.3    77.1    -      -       -      +
    150A  LEU*     1.3    61.9    +      -       -      +
    152A  ARG*     3.6    27.9    -      -       -      +
    153A  ILE*     3.2    24.9    +      -       +      +
    117B  ASN*     2.8    45.3    +      -       -      +
    118B  ALA      4.7     0.6    +      -       -      -
    119B  GLU*     3.4    31.5    +      -       -      +
    176B  THR*     6.2     4.1    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 150 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     71A  VAL*     4.3     4.9    -      -       +      -
     75A  PHE*     3.6    30.5    -      -       +      -
     99A  MET*     3.7    32.1    -      -       +      -
    102A  PHE*     3.7    26.2    -      -       +      -
    125A  PRO*     4.1    28.7    -      -       +      -
    146A  THR*     2.9    28.1    +      -       +      +
    147A  ARG*     3.7     4.0    -      -       +      +
    149A  LYS*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
    151A  ASN*     1.3    63.5    +      -       -      +
    153A  ILE      3.4     0.2    +      -       -      -
    154A  LEU*     2.9    31.3    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 151 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    147A  ARG*     2.8    31.5    +      -       -      +
    148A  GLU*     3.8     5.7    -      -       -      +
    150A  LEU*     1.3    76.3    -      -       -      +
    152A  ARG*     1.3    55.4    +      -       -      +
    154A  LEU*     3.4     3.3    +      -       -      +
    155A  SER*     2.8    35.6    +      -       -      -
    162A  ILE*     4.3    16.1    +      -       +      +
    165A  ILE*     3.5    28.6    -      -       +      +
    166A  GLN*     2.9    43.9    +      -       -      +
    169A  THR*     4.3     5.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 152 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    148A  GLU*     2.9    19.5    +      -       -      +
    149A  LYS*     3.6    36.3    -      -       -      +
    151A  ASN*     1.3    76.0    -      -       -      +
    153A  ILE*     1.3    70.7    +      -       -      +
    155A  SER*     3.2     6.4    +      -       -      -
    156A  GLU*     3.1    39.2    +      -       +      +
    162A  ILE*     4.3    23.1    -      -       +      +
    117B  ASN*     3.9    22.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 153 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     75A  PHE*     3.8    19.1    -      -       +      -
     78A  TYR*     3.2    34.3    -      -       +      +
    102A  PHE*     3.8    13.9    -      -       +      -
    149A  LYS*     3.2    18.1    +      -       +      +
    150A  LEU      4.0     2.7    -      -       -      +
    152A  ARG*     1.3    85.1    -      -       -      +
    154A  LEU*     1.3    63.5    +      -       -      +
    156A  GLU*     3.3    22.7    +      -       -      +
    157A  ARG*     3.2    22.3    -      -       -      +
    117B  ASN*     3.6    37.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 154 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    102A  PHE*     4.0    27.5    -      -       +      +
    105A  ALA*     4.3    14.8    -      -       +      -
    122A  ILE*     5.1    14.4    -      -       +      -
    150A  LEU*     2.9    18.7    +      -       +      +
    151A  ASN*     3.7     6.3    -      -       -      +
    153A  ILE*     1.3    75.3    -      -       -      +
    155A  SER*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
    157A  ARG*     3.2     4.1    +      -       +      -
    158A  THR*     2.7    45.3    +      -       +      +
    165A  ILE*     4.1    26.9    -      -       +      -
    169A  THR*     5.3     6.3    -      -       +      -
    183A  TYR*     5.7     0.4    -      -       +      -
    185A  LEU*     4.2    24.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 155 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    151A  ASN      2.8    17.6    +      -       -      -
    152A  ARG      3.2    11.0    -      -       -      -
    154A  LEU*     1.3    72.2    -      -       -      +
    156A  GLU*     1.3    57.3    +      -       -      +
    158A  THR*     3.9     2.2    -      -       -      -
    159A  GLY*     2.9    32.1    +      -       -      -
    160A  GLN      2.5    25.9    +      -       -      +
    161A  SER*     3.8     1.8    -      -       -      -
    162A  ILE*     3.5    28.5    +      -       -      +
    165A  ILE*     4.5     4.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 156 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     78A  TYR*     5.2     1.7    +      -       -      -
    109A  LYS*     3.7    11.5    +      -       -      -
    152A  ARG*     3.1    32.0    +      -       +      +
    153A  ILE*     3.3    25.3    +      -       -      +
    155A  SER*     1.3    80.2    -      -       -      +
    157A  ARG*     1.3    62.3    +      -       +      +
    159A  GLY*     4.4     3.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 157 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     78A  TYR*     3.2    28.7    +      -       -      -
     82A  GLN*     3.6    31.7    -      -       -      +
    102A  PHE*     5.8     0.9    -      -       -      -
    105A  ALA*     3.6    35.2    +      -       +      +
    106A  ALA*     4.1    10.0    +      -       -      +
    107A  GLY      3.8    14.3    +      -       -      -
    109A  LYS*     3.7    37.7    +      -       -      +
    112A  ARG*     3.1    26.7    +      -       -      +
    153A  ILE*     3.2    19.3    -      -       +      +
    154A  LEU*     3.2     7.4    +      -       -      +
    155A  SER      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
    156A  GLU*     1.3    83.2    +      -       +      +
    158A  THR*     1.3    62.8    +      -       -      +
    184A  GLY      3.3     2.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 158 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    105A  ALA*     5.0     1.6    -      -       +      -
    154A  LEU*     2.7    31.8    +      -       +      +
    155A  SER*     3.6     0.5    +      -       -      -
    157A  ARG*     1.3    80.9    -      -       -      +
    159A  GLY*     1.3    60.7    +      -       -      +
    160A  GLN*     3.2    22.1    +      -       -      +
    165A  ILE*     4.1     2.1    -      -       -      +
    183A  TYR*     3.5    27.2    -      -       +      +
    184A  GLY*     3.3    28.2    -      -       -      +
    185A  LEU*     3.9    24.7    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 159 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    155A  SER      2.9    11.9    +      -       -      -
    156A  GLU      4.3     2.4    +      -       -      -
    157A  ARG      3.6     1.8    -      -       -      +
    158A  THR*     1.3    77.9    -      -       -      +
    160A  GLN*     1.3    64.5    +      -       -      +
    161A  SER      4.1     0.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il