Contacts of the helix formed by residues 32 - 58 (chain z) in PDB entry 4IL6


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ASP 32 (chain z).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     42y  ARG*     5.8     4.0    -      -       -      +
     31z  GLN*     1.3    83.3    -      -       +      +
     33z  TRP*     1.3    61.7    +      -       -      +
     34z  ASP*     3.4     3.4    -      -       -      +
     35z  ARG*     3.4    28.0    +      -       -      +
     36z  SER*     2.9    28.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 33 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    135c  ARG*     3.9    25.9    -      -       -      +
    521c  LMG      3.3    38.8    +      -       +      -
     26z  ALA      3.9    17.3    -      -       -      -
     27z  TYR*     3.6    40.6    -      +       -      -
     29z  SER*     4.7     5.6    -      -       -      +
     30z  PRO      4.0    14.4    -      -       -      +
     31z  GLN      3.3     1.4    -      -       -      -
     32z  ASP*     1.3    75.5    -      -       -      +
     34z  ASP*     1.3    67.4    +      -       -      +
     35z  ARG      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
     36z  SER*     4.1     4.9    -      -       -      -
     37z  LYS*     2.8    65.0    +      -       +      +
     40z  ILE*     4.0    14.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 34 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     32z  ASP*     3.4     1.3    -      -       -      -
     33z  TRP*     1.3    90.6    +      -       -      +
     35z  ARG*     1.3    61.6    +      -       -      +
     37z  LYS*     3.6     7.1    +      -       -      +
     38z  GLN*     3.5    18.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 35 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     32z  ASP*     3.4    27.5    +      -       -      +
     34z  ASP*     1.3    77.9    -      -       -      +
     36z  SER*     1.3    63.3    +      -       -      +
     38z  GLN*     2.8    35.9    +      -       -      +
     39z  LEU*     3.2    56.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 36 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     42y  ARG*     5.3     5.7    +      -       -      -
     26z  ALA*     3.9    27.3    -      -       -      +
     29z  SER*     6.0     0.9    -      -       -      -
     32z  ASP*     2.9    26.3    +      -       -      +
     33z  TRP*     3.3    11.6    +      -       -      -
     34z  ASP      3.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
     35z  ARG*     1.3    76.5    -      -       -      +
     37z  LYS*     1.3    59.7    +      -       -      +
     39z  LEU*     3.1    10.6    +      -       -      +
     40z  ILE*     2.9    36.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 37 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    521c  LMG      3.4    61.8    +      -       +      -
     33z  TRP*     2.8    53.7    +      -       +      +
     34z  ASP*     3.9     6.5    -      -       -      +
     35z  ARG      3.5     0.2    -      -       -      -
     36z  SER*     1.3    71.1    -      -       -      +
     38z  GLN*     1.3    59.0    +      -       -      +
     40z  ILE*     3.4     5.6    +      -       -      +
     41z  PHE*     3.0    46.4    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 38 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     34z  ASP      3.5    11.0    +      -       -      +
     35z  ARG*     2.8    38.0    +      -       -      +
     36z  SER      3.3     0.6    -      -       -      -
     37z  LYS*     1.3    78.2    -      -       -      +
     39z  LEU*     1.3    57.9    +      -       -      +
     41z  PHE*     3.4     8.4    +      -       +      +
     42z  LEU*     2.9    41.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 39 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     19z  MET*     5.1     1.4    -      -       -      +
     35z  ARG*     3.2    50.2    +      -       -      +
     36z  SER*     3.1    12.4    +      -       -      +
     38z  GLN*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
     40z  ILE*     1.3    55.7    +      -       +      +
     42z  LEU*     3.8    12.4    -      -       +      +
     43z  GLY*     2.7    33.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 40 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    127c  PHE*     3.7    31.2    -      -       +      -
    521c  LMG      3.9    13.0    -      -       +      -
     19z  MET*     4.0     7.2    -      -       -      +
     22z  GLY      5.8     0.7    -      -       -      -
     23z  VAL*     4.2    20.6    -      -       +      +
     26z  ALA*     3.8    26.7    -      -       +      -
     27z  TYR*     4.0    24.9    -      -       +      +
     33z  TRP*     4.0    10.8    -      -       +      -
     36z  SER      2.9    21.0    +      -       -      +
     37z  LYS*     3.7     5.8    -      -       -      +
     39z  LEU*     1.3    72.2    -      -       +      +
     41z  PHE*     1.3    56.2    +      -       -      +
     43z  GLY      3.4     0.2    +      -       -      -
     44z  SER*     2.7    39.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 41 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    521c  LMG      3.2    75.4    -      -       +      -
     37z  LYS*     3.0    37.8    +      -       +      +
     38z  GLN*     3.5    12.1    -      -       +      +
     40z  ILE*     1.3    77.4    -      -       -      +
     42z  LEU*     1.3    57.2    +      -       -      +
     44z  SER*     3.7     5.4    -      -       -      -
     45z  GLY*     3.1    24.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 42 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     38z  GLN*     2.9    30.0    +      -       +      +
     39z  LEU*     3.8    13.9    -      -       +      +
     41z  PHE*     1.3    72.7    -      -       -      +
     43z  GLY*     1.3    61.1    +      -       -      +
     45z  GLY*     3.3     2.2    +      -       -      -
     46z  LEU*     3.0    41.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 43 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     15z  LEU*     3.8    15.7    -      -       -      +
     19z  MET*     3.8    19.5    -      -       -      +
     39z  LEU      2.7    21.7    +      -       -      -
     40z  ILE      3.8     0.9    -      -       -      -
     42z  LEU*     1.3    74.7    -      -       -      +
     44z  SER*     1.3    55.8    +      -       -      +
     46z  LEU*     3.5     3.7    +      -       -      +
     47z  TRP*     2.9    30.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 44 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    127c  PHE*     3.7    18.5    -      -       -      -
    521c  LMG      4.0    34.7    -      -       -      +
     19z  MET*     3.4    17.0    -      -       -      +
     40z  ILE*     2.7    27.8    +      -       -      +
     41z  PHE      3.7     5.2    -      -       -      -
     43z  GLY*     1.3    72.5    -      -       -      +
     45z  GLY*     1.3    58.3    +      -       -      +
     47z  TRP*     3.5     3.1    +      -       -      +
     48z  ILE*     3.1    36.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 45 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     41z  PHE      3.1    13.9    +      -       -      -
     42z  LEU*     3.8     3.4    -      -       -      -
     43z  GLY      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     44z  SER*     1.3    74.9    -      -       -      +
     46z  LEU*     1.3    58.6    +      -       -      +
     48z  ILE*     3.4     9.1    +      -       -      +
     49z  ALA*     3.0    28.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 46 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     15z  LEU*     3.9    25.1    -      -       +      -
     42z  LEU*     3.0    26.7    +      -       +      +
     43z  GLY*     3.9     4.7    -      -       -      +
     45z  GLY*     1.3    72.5    -      -       -      +
     47z  TRP*     1.3    61.3    +      -       -      +
     49z  ALA*     3.3    10.7    +      -       +      +
     50z  LEU*     2.8    45.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 47 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    120c  ILE*     3.6    23.3    -      -       +      -
    123c  ALA*     3.6    29.6    -      -       +      -
    124c  VAL*     4.8     1.8    -      -       +      -
    521c  LMG      3.5    64.6    -      -       +      +
    101k  BCR      4.3    14.3    -      -       +      +
     12z  LEU*     3.7    21.7    -      -       +      +
     15z  LEU*     3.6    18.3    -      -       +      +
     16z  SER*     2.8    31.4    +      -       -      -
     19z  MET*     5.4     0.7    -      -       +      -
     43z  GLY      2.9    18.6    +      -       -      +
     44z  SER*     3.7     7.0    -      -       -      +
     45z  GLY      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     46z  LEU*     1.3    74.0    -      -       -      +
     48z  ILE*     1.3    72.5    +      -       +      +
     50z  LEU*     3.2     2.1    +      -       -      -
     51z  VAL*     3.1    43.7    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 48 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    521c  LMG      3.8    72.9    -      -       +      +
     44z  SER      3.1    21.1    +      -       -      +
     45z  GLY*     3.7     7.2    -      -       -      +
     47z  TRP*     1.3    87.3    -      -       +      +
     49z  ALA*     1.3    61.9    +      -       -      +
     51z  VAL*     3.5     4.1    +      -       -      +
     52z  LEU*     3.3    34.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 49 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     45z  GLY      3.0    15.0    +      -       -      +
     46z  LEU*     3.4    17.0    -      -       +      +
     47z  TRP      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
     48z  ILE*     1.3    77.8    -      -       -      +
     50z  LEU*     1.3    57.8    +      -       +      +
     52z  LEU*     3.2    12.0    +      -       -      +
     53z  VAL*     2.9    35.8    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 50 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      8z  ALA*     3.5    31.4    -      -       +      +
     11z  ALA*     3.9    15.7    -      -       +      +
     12z  LEU*     3.8    28.3    -      -       +      +
     15z  LEU*     3.8    24.5    -      -       +      -
     46z  LEU*     2.8    38.9    +      -       +      +
     47z  TRP      3.2     4.2    +      -       -      +
     49z  ALA*     1.3    71.2    -      -       +      +
     51z  VAL*     1.3    56.3    +      -       -      +
     53z  VAL*     3.6     8.9    -      -       +      +
     54z  VAL*     2.8    40.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 51 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    120c  ILE*     4.1    22.4    -      -       +      -
    521c  LMG      4.6     9.2    -      -       +      -
    102k  BCR      3.5    34.7    -      -       +      +
     12z  LEU*     3.7    25.1    -      -       +      -
     47z  TRP*     3.1    43.3    +      -       +      +
     48z  ILE*     3.7     8.7    -      -       -      +
     49z  ALA      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     50z  LEU*     1.3    75.3    -      -       -      +
     52z  LEU*     1.3    54.6    +      -       +      +
     54z  VAL      3.5     0.2    +      -       -      -
     55z  GLY*     2.8    32.1    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 52 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    521c  LMG      4.5    19.7    -      -       +      -
    102k  BCR      5.1    13.0    -      -       +      -
     48z  ILE*     3.3    30.0    +      -       +      +
     49z  ALA*     3.2    11.5    +      -       -      +
     51z  VAL*     1.3    78.6    -      -       +      +
     53z  VAL*     1.3    57.4    +      -       +      +
     55z  GLY*     3.6     1.5    -      -       -      -
     56z  VAL*     2.8    40.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 53 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      8z  ALA*     3.9    16.4    -      -       +      -
     49z  ALA*     2.9    25.3    +      -       +      +
     50z  LEU*     3.6    12.1    -      -       +      +
     51z  VAL      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     52z  LEU*     1.3    73.7    -      -       +      +
     54z  VAL*     1.3    61.5    +      -       -      +
     56z  VAL*     3.3     4.4    +      -       -      +
     57z  LEU*     2.8    52.2    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 54 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     15k  TYR*     4.7     1.6    -      -       +      +
    101k  BCR      4.6     2.0    -      -       +      -
    102k  BCR      4.3    19.3    -      -       +      -
      5z  PHE*     3.9    21.4    -      -       +      +
      8z  ALA*     3.8    13.0    -      -       +      +
      9z  LEU*     3.7    47.1    -      -       +      +
     12z  LEU*     4.4     9.0    -      -       +      -
     50z  LEU      2.8    24.2    +      -       -      +
     51z  VAL*     3.9     3.8    -      -       -      +
     53z  VAL*     1.3    72.7    -      -       -      +
     55z  GLY*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
     57z  LEU*     3.7     4.4    -      -       -      -
     58z  ASN*     2.9    30.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 55 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    102k  BCR      3.6    32.3    -      -       -      +
     51z  VAL      2.8    21.5    +      -       -      -
     52z  LEU*     3.6     3.6    -      -       -      -
     53z  VAL      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
     54z  VAL*     1.3    74.4    -      -       -      +
     56z  VAL*     1.3    58.9    +      -       -      +
     58z  ASN*     3.7     4.9    -      -       -      +
     59z  PHE*     3.3    26.0    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 56 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     52z  LEU*     2.8    27.2    +      -       +      +
     53z  VAL*     3.9     4.7    -      -       -      +
     55z  GLY*     1.3    69.9    -      -       -      +
     57z  LEU*     1.3    69.2    +      -       +      +
     58z  ASN      3.1     5.7    +      -       -      -
     59z  PHE*     3.1    20.5    +      -       -      +
     60z  PHE*     3.6    24.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 57 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      1z  FME      4.5    20.2    -      -       +      +
      4z  LEU*     3.8    28.5    -      -       +      -
      5z  PHE*     3.7    31.2    -      -       +      -
      8z  ALA*     4.5     5.2    -      -       +      -
     53z  VAL*     2.8    37.3    +      -       +      +
     54z  VAL      3.7     0.4    -      -       -      +
     56z  VAL*     1.3    78.1    -      -       +      +
     58z  ASN*     1.3    64.8    +      -       -      +
     59z  PHE      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
     60z  PHE*     3.2    29.3    +      -       +      +
     61z  VAL*     3.6    16.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 58 (chain z). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    109c  PHE*     3.5    27.7    -      -       -      -
    112c  PHE*     4.5     0.4    -      -       -      -
    520c  LMG      4.6     0.7    -      -       -      -
     15k  TYR*     2.6    38.6    +      -       -      +
    102k  BCR      3.9    15.3    -      -       +      -
      5z  PHE*     3.9     8.5    -      -       -      -
     54z  VAL      2.9    17.7    +      -       -      +
     55z  GLY      3.7     9.9    -      -       -      +
     57z  LEU*     1.3    77.1    -      -       -      +
     59z  PHE*     1.3    67.7    +      -       -      +
     60z  PHE      3.0     1.0    +      -       -      -
     61z  VAL*     3.3     0.7    +      -       -      -
     62z  VAL*     3.0    44.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il